I had the honour of speaking at the Radio & Web conference Zaragosa in October 2008 by kind invitation of Aragon Radio.

1. Interoute
The Media Network*
Oisin Lunny
CDN, Streaming & Media Product Manager
Interoute Communications Limited
Zaragosa 02.10.08
*unlimited power and
total control from the
next generation of
content networks

2. Clip from Woody Allen “Radio Days”
The radio has long been a window to the wider world
for its listeners, voices connecting them with news,
culture, excitement, mystery, relevance to their
everyday life. Nothing will replace this relationship,
but the means in which people can be connected with
the world, through radio, have increased massively .

3. My past in generating content

4. I still do it but with new technology....
The new possibilities offered by online distribution
inspired me to work in technology in the first place.

5. Confessions of a Musically Obsessed Geek...
So...
I technology
I “content”
I “IP delivery”
CV so far:
Music business for 19 years
Digital content 13 years
Networks 10 years
Web development 9 years
Content aggregation 7 years
Interoute 4 years http://oisinlunny.blogspot.com

6. As one music and
technology expert put it:
“If the music business is
a corpse, lets put it in
the ground and grow
interesting things from
it”
Peter Gabriel, 2008

7. interesting things...

8. The New Content Marketplace
quot;Our focus should not be on emerging technologies,
but on emerging cultural practicesquot;
- Henry Collins, Professor of Comparative Media, MIT

9. The Changing Media Climate
From Radio Networks to Social Networked Listeners using IP networks...
Consumers Consumers
Schedules, Linear, Limited Choice Time/Place Shifting On Demand, Infinite Choice, Long Tail
Devices Devices
TV, VCR PS3, iPhone, HDTV, DVD, STB, DVR, Slingbox, PC, XBox, iPod, Mobile, PSP
Operators Operators
Free broadcast, Pay Cable and Satellite Broadband, Cable, Satellite, Telco, IPTV, DSL, Mobile etc
Advertisers Advertisers
TV, Print, Radio, Public Space TV, Print, Radio, Public Space, Online, 360 Campaigns, Branded Content etc
Programmers Programmers
Broadcast Networks, Cable Networks Broadcast and Cable Networks, Google, YouTube, MySpace, Last.fm,
Microsoft, Apple, Users, Operators, Carriers, Aggregators, Websites
OLD NEW
*Source: TVs Paradigm Shift - Tejpaul Bhatia 2007

10. and this is...
...the tip of the iceberg!
“There will be no media consumption left in ten
years that is not delivered over an IP network”
Microsoft Chief Executive Steve Ballmer

11. The Anywhere Network
The quot;Anywhere revolutionquot; will be the
largest technology change in our lifetimes.
Caused by:
• A common network
• Broadband demand
• Wireless ubiquity
Anywhere will Surpass the Internet’s Impact The three stages of Anywhere
*Source: The Anywhere Tipping Point - Emily Green & Carl Howe
Yankee Group 2008

12. From 2002 to 2007 volume
of information managed by
telco networks in Europe has
multiplied by six (2.5 to 16
exabites).
This figure is expected to
multiply by ten within the
next five years.
*Source: Cisco

13. users take control

14. We live in a sharing and forwarding culture...
* Wikipedia
* Digg
* Delicious * Blue Dot * Ma.gnolia
* Stumble * BookmarkSync * My Web
* Reddit * CiteULike * Mixx
* Technorati * Connotea * Netvouz
* Consumerist * Diigo * Newsvine
* Lifehacker * Furl * Propeller.com
* SlashDot * GiveALink.org * Simpy
* YahooBuzz * Linkwad * SiteBar
People will subscribe to mass media, and ... subscribe to other people.
The concept of “Music like water” becomes “a river of updates”.

16. Gerd Leonard / www.mediafuturist.com
quot;It’s no longer about certified and central authority and the ‘select few
authorised professionals’ but also about the combined power of masses
of people.”
Google have realised that quot;Markets, networks and communities can
organise economic activities radically more efficiently than firms.quot;
quot;Thanks to technology induced changes, the new cultural economy
means that searching is getting and listening / viewing now IS copying.quot;
“Even if a difference between ‘Copy’ vs ‘Performance’ could be
maintained: the ‘Selling of Copies’ is no longer a growing business or
sustainable model. The exclusive right to ‘make copies’ is becoming
impossible to enforce.”
*Source: Gerd Leonard
www.mediafuturist.com

17. Radio = listening = getting
Anywhere network = no need for a copy
Its always waiting for you to access anywhere
Internet is in spirit an open exchange of ideas
Google grasped this as a business model
Can quot;freequot; work as a business model?
Advertising? Micropayments?

18. The economics of free - examples
*Source: quot;Welcome To The Free Worldquot; 2008 Universal McCann

19. Online advertising revenues (EU)
According to the EU, advertising revenues will be mostly digital in less
than two years:
“From an estimated €849m revenues in 2005, we expect newspaper
and magazine publishers revenues to amount to €2bn in 2010, almost
exclusively from online and mobile advertising.”
Commercial
radio
industry’s
customers and
products are
advertising.
They are
increasingly
moving online.

20. Media and content is in the network - so must advertising!
quot;I don't mind
ads because
they help to
pay for TV
shows and
websitesquot;
*Source MTC Circuits of Cool survey 2007
Advertising-supported online radio, similar to existing radio model
More precise targeting / auditing, could be realtime in future
Online radio / community sites “own” good (meta)data about listeners
Google Adwords example - based on metadata - ads can be targeted
Advertisers can find a relevant audience for their products
Ad serving companies can report with pinpoint accuracy = higher CPM

21. What is Radio in 2008
Audio / audiovisual, what comes out of the speaker
Technology is about the user experience, engaging the listener
Users aren’t interested in the underlying technology, just the
buttons on their “remote”
Radio in the IP space needs to have this ease of use
Technology is setting the boundaries eg: infrastructure/mobile/
CE companies: Nokia / Google / Apple
Technology changes the landscape and offers:
Exponential choice
Global jukebox
Infinite Dial
...but also millions of anonymous DJs and little USP
The scale is in the underlying network.

22. Interoute, Europe’s biggest Next Generation Network...

23. ...which we leverage for Global content distribution....

24. ... and provide Next Generation Services such as Media.
Professional Services
Advanced Hosting
MEDIA VOICE VPN
SERVICES SERVICES SERVICES
Security/Storage - Streaming - VVN - Access
- Security - Arena - Security
Server Hosting - Management - IRT One - QoS
IP SERVICES ETHERNET SERVICES
- Internet access - MPLS Ethernet
- Internet transit - Ethernet over SDH
BANDWIDTH SERVICES
- Wavelengths
COLOCATION SRVCS - SDH
- Carrier grade
- Service Provider grade
- Data Centre grade INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES
- Duct
- Fibre

25. La Sexta streaming - powered by Interoute

26. Our network connects to media companies, mobile operators and ISPs.
Media clients get the advantages of our connections.
Interoute’s Next Generation Network is a uniquely converged solution.
Major global clients trust us to deliver 24/7/365 and only settle for the best quality.
We are trusted by over 14,000 customers including:
Our clients include:
• Bulldog
• Akamai
• Tiscali
• Vodafone
• EMI (18TB per month)
• Universal Music Group
• Warners
• EMAP

27. Interoute’s CDN product family
Interoute Extra
Content Delivery Network (CDN)
No need to wwwait - live in seconds
Media Manager
On Demand Streaming - Audio / Video
Podcasting / listen again / Pay Per View
Media Live Stream
24/7 or Single Live Event streaming
Geo locking + advertising
Share
Market leading security solution for music
Watermarking + marketing + tracking
Interoute Express
Fast method to deliver files
Reduces strain on email systems

28. IP - a global standard
Internet access from a range of
existing and new devices, many with
multiple uses: PC, mobile, tabletop,
portable, personal, and in-car.
You can easily listen wherever you are
and wherever they are in the world.
Devices keyed off Internet access,
broadband, and Wi-Fi, operate
globally, greatly easing marketing,
sales, listening (and support).
Internet is the easy complement to
give global access, without significant
increased cost or effort.
FM remains under all the scenarios.

29. Popularity of Internet Radio (UK)
In the US, 33 million of the population aged 12+ (equivalent to 13%)
listen to radio via the internet each week.
In the UK 9.4 million adults (19% of the population aged 15+) listen to
radio via the internet each week, of which 2.5 million adults (5%) listen
every day or most days.
Of those using online radio 89% listen at home, 24% listen at work.
The majority of online radio users (8.0 million per week) are listening to
live radio rather than time- shifted content.
The latter is delivered via two routes: ‘listen again’ streams (6.2 million
users per week) or downloaded ‘podcasts’ (4.4 million).
Users of online live streaming listen for an average 78 minutes per week,
users of ‘listen again’ 52 minutes per week, and users of podcasts 63
minutes per week.
Early days but growing steadily and significantly.

30. Land Grab for Internet Radio
Clear Channel - revenues of US $3.6 billion from Radio in 2007
CBS - revenues of US$ 1.8 billion from Radio in 2007
Costs of extending online radio service to Europe will be quot;marginalquot;
ClearChannel to launch portal containing its 1,200 terrestrial radio stations,
largest US online radio network
Partnering with StudioNow to offer local advertisers pro quality advert
production
Revenues 3 times the entire UK commercial radio sector
Business model is quot;on pagequot; and quot;in streamquot; advertising
CBS Radio acquired London-based internet company quot;Last.fmquot; and also has a
stake in TargetSpot, US- based online radio advertising saleshouse
Will launch ‘play.it’, a web portal that aggregates its own 140 terrestrial and 20
internet-only stations alongside AOL’s 200 online stations and Last.fm, with a
combined reach in the US approx 3.4 million / month.
*Source: Grant Goddard “Clear Channel – designs on global radio?”
www.endersanalysis.com

31. Radio content is ideal for Wi-Fi portable devices
Wi-Fi can delivers audio/radio content more efficiently than video/TV
Lower bandwidth
Wi-Fi-enabled device manufacturers are promoting radio features
Nokia’s latest ‘N’ range of mobile phones (13 models in the UK) comes
pre-installed with ‘Nokia Internet Radio’ software
Various radio applications for the iPhone, which in the UK incorporates
Wi-Fi, including ‘Wi-Fi hotspots’ via The Cloud and BT Openzone
Audio only content ideal for people on the move e.g. iPod
11% of adults (aged 16+) in the UK now access the internet away from
home or work:
32% connect via a free Wi-Fi network
23% connect via a paid for Wi-Fi network
31% use a mobile phone to connect

32. Wimax?
Sprint Nextel & Clearwire announce $12bn Wimax joint venture (May ‘08)
Including investment from:
Intel: $1 billion
Google: $500 million (gives them influence over a wireless network)
Time Warner cable: $550 million
Comcast: $1.05 billion
Brighthouse: $100 million
Total investment fund $12 billion
Can offer TV, Internet, phone, internet access and IP radio on the go, and
potentially a wireless phone service e.g. Google Android.
Could this support content roaming e.g. access anytime anywhere?
WiMax to cover UK quot;within two yearsquot; (Ashish Patel MD Intel Capital EMEA)

33. Internet Radio Drivers
Push from: Pull from:
A new generation of devices, Presenter programming,
delivering Internet radio easily particularly with time-shift
across platforms—PC, tabletop, listening to build and maintain a
portable, personal, mobile— following—local and global—
being readied for market now. from wherever and whenever.
Larger and colour displays Extensions of current
which supplement radio with programming using the larger,
active multimedia—audio, colour displays—particularly
video, and graphics—to move sports, and also talk.
radio beyond the traditional
small, passive display.
*Source: Darryl Pomicter, www.radeo.net

34. Internet Radio Drivers
Overall:
The radio industry understanding that Internet radio is a powerful
complement to strengthen and extend traditional broadcast radio—
particularly personality presenter programming with local and/or
global appeal.
The growing acknowledgement that a future with FM and Internet, and
increasingly available wireless Internet access, that some predict will
leave no need or broad desire for digital (DAB and HD) radio.
Advertisers seeing, trying, and gaining confidence in the expanded
possibilities of Internet Radio with broadcast radio—with increased
experience and results better measured.
*Source: Darryl Pomicter, www.radeo.net

35. Wi-Fi with / vs DAB
6% of adults claim to own a Wi-Fi radio receiver, while a further
11% said they would be interested in Wi-Fi radio services.
Adult penetration of DAB radio receivers did not reach 6% until as
recently as 2005, so Wi-Fi radio hardware close behind the DAB
adoption curve.
Wi-Fi is a global standard, wherever an online audience can be
found in the world, it can be monetised (Google)
Costs incremental, but much less upfront
WorldDMB Digital Radio Receiver Profiles launched at IBC Sept 08
What happens to regional digital formats? For consumers their
Digital Radio Box should just be a gateway to the format.
“IP delivery is likely to play a vital role in the future digital radio landscape,
both in its own right and as a complementary technology to broadcast digital
technologies such as DAB”.
UK Government Digital Radio Working Group

36. Internet Radio Devices
Strategy Analytics predicted that 28 million Wi-Fi-enabled ‘handsets’
will be in use in the UK by 2012.
Almost half of the adult population with domestic broadband use a
wireless router to connect, and sales of mobile broadband connections
‘took off’ in 2008 (1.5 million UK connections in June 2008).
Web enabled radio devices need to be:
•simple
•shortcut driven
•flexible
•non-proprietary

37. Walter Mossberg on the Future of the Internet and Rise of the Cell Phone:
quot;The PC has peaked, and the future of the internet belongs to Pocket
Computers: The Internet is a grid and we're all going to be living on it,
and carrying it in our pocket all day long.quot;
As many mobile devices as PCs globally.

38. There are as many mobile devices as PCs globally.
Other handset makers keen to offer music as differentiator:
Nokia - Comes With Music
Sony Ericsson PlayNow Plus
(powered by Omniphone)
iTunes 9 ...?
Google Android
- open standard
- open invitation to developers to innovate!
Handheld IP devices will compliment
fixed / home internet access devices

39. The iPhone is driving innovation in mobile content:
quot;Music has been the first 'killer app' for the operators to drive the
consumption of premium content on the handset.quot; (MMI, March 08)
“Freemium” access to iTunes music library, like Nokia’s Comes
With Music but with lower cuts for record labels (FT, March 08)
Superior UI drives consumer uptake of advanced content apps
M:Metrics on the iPhone:
50% accessed social networking site (average 4%)
30% iPhone users watch mobile TV / Video (average 4.6%)
30.4% YouTube (average 1%)
74% listen to mobile music (flat rate data charges a driver)
Apple have always made the end to end user experience compelling,
and successful uptake proves this is a crucial factor.

40. MobileScrobbler
• Last.fm client for Apple iPhone and iPod Touch

41. Emunity Edge (Sweden)
0% Interactivity 100%
Type of radio FM-stations Programmed Community Stream Personal Playlist
Stream Stream Generator
Broadcast type 1- to -all 1- to -all 1- to -all 1- to - 1 1- to - 1
Loyalty
Examples
stations
Product Beta launch
2000 2000 1999 2005
Launch April-07

42. Goom Radio
Good selection, particularly new French music - beta site

43. Deezer.com
Good selection - links to iTunes Music Store for downloads

44. Pandora
Innovative but subjective. Not available outside US.

45. Blip.fm
Good selection - links to Amazon MP3 store for downloads

46. Last.fm
The main online radio station for non-techies, bought by CBS

47. MOG
Community + music, subscribe to a “trusted mogger” today!

48. iTunes 8 Genius, literally!

49. Totally Radio
Super innovative
Niche shows
Defining cool
Grass roots support
Organic growth
Revenue from:
*Adwords
*Subscriptions
www.totallyradio.com

50. P2P Radio - super niche

51. All this is great, but sometimes overwhelming!

52. The Radeo Internet Player
A great way to organise your online radio listening.
Innovative technology that’s simple to use, online & on mobile.
Over 10,000 Stations,
20,000 Shows, and
1,000,000 Episodes.
Worldwide Internet
Radio Broadcasts,
Webcasts, and
Podcasts.
Example of UK cross
industry collaboration
through Radio Centre
Player.
www.radeo.net

53. Twine, another interesting idea to tie it all together?
Semantic Web creates a web of data that allows computers to
find, extract, share, re-use information, and potentially even
reason with it.

54. broadcast moves online

57. media convergence

58. Converged service delivery.
*Source: Tandberg

59. Example from TV eg: combined TV 1.0 & TV 2.0
*Source: Tandberg

60. Radio & Web

61. Digital means .... “more is more”
More People
Doing More
Connecting More
Searching More
Sharing More
Researching More
Buying More
Empower, Demonstrate, Involve*
*Source: Jaffe LLC
Life After the 30-S

62. What is Next Generation Radio?
Building a global entertainment system that adopts the philosophies
of the Internet as well as its technology.
Those principles are:
•openness
•freedom
•neutrality
•accessibility
•global availability
The revolutionary change with IP Radio is that every viewer has a
personal relationship with a broadcaster through a transactional
request/response mechanism, rather than just picking up a
broadcast sent to anyone and everyone.
*Source: (paraphrase) Alexander Cameron
IPTV VoD - The Open 4th Platform (2008)

63. IPTV example - todays three screen reality
•TV broadcast is “broken”, interruptive marketing a thing of the past
•Consumers are now creating - they are content companies new critics
and evangelists
•Effect on advertising revenues, they’re moving online
•Can IPTV replicate the Web 2.0 experience, and stimulate advertising
revenues?
•The promise of IPTV is that every piece of audio and/or visual content
ever created in human history will be available in digital form anywhere
in the world, on any device, whenever anyone wants it (BBC archive?)
•Digital media and our preferences for it will follow us wherever we go
in the world, so rights will need to be allocated to an individual rather
than a country and a platform.
•All systems will feature centralised viewer database information and
decentralised/local delivery equipment.
*Source: From Gorillas to Guerillas - IPTV changes everything
Yankee Group 2008

64. The Metadata Value Chain

65. Federated Rich Media Model
Content Web-based registration, QA, access and launch of media Content
on personal computers, mobile computing device, media players
Originators Users
Encrypted and non-encrypted
Assets (A) and Content Packages (P),
assembled and delivered on-demand
(A) (P)
Content
Infomediary
Customizable
TV-Anytime, MPEG-7, MPEG-21
Framework
Metadata
Proprietary Metadata XML Translation
Separates Description from Location
Metadata Objects - Metadata includes
Metadata Objective,Subjective,Rights,ID/Location
Layer
Object Repository-A Object Repository-B Object Repository-C
Distributed Objects

66. Final thoughts:
•GOOD RADIO CONTENT will always be king. Radio has a special place in
our hearts and minds, a relationship that will not be replaced by auto
generated playlists.
•Huge opportunities for Radio over IP, music is enjoyed when its portable
(eg: iPod) while TV is a mostly stationary experience. Radio will continue to
be the soundtrack to our lives and we will enjoy it through more devices.
•Effective content delivery networks are key to ensuring the services work!
•SOA (service oriented architectures) important for networks, service
providers, device manufacturers etc.
• A centrally held identity will manage the relationship between individuals
and content eg: OpenID. Content will often originate and be distributed
“from the centre” but can live “on the edge” of networks.
•Routing the user to the content, and advertising, will be a big opportunity.
•Relationships between domain identities could be managed by Web 2.0
companies, while laptops / iPods / slingboxes / WiFi radios could hold local
identity caches.

67. Thank you!
www.interoute.es
oisin.lunny@interoute.com
www.linkedin.com/in/oisinlunny
Recommended reading:
The Future of Media, Gerd Leonhard 2008
www.mediafuturist.com
Grant Goddard “Clear Channel – designs on global radio?”
www.endersanalysis.com
quot;The Anywhere Tipping Pointquot; Emily Green / Carl Howe Yankee Group 2008
www.yankeegroup.com
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