Sea Grant Week 2010 International Symposim

1. DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF MARINE, COASTS AND SMALL
ISLANDS
MINISTRY OF MARINE AFFAIRS AND FISHERIES
2009
DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN
SEA PARTNERSHIP
PROGRAM
(SPP)
&

2. POTENSIALS
• Indonesia’s is the World’s largest archipelago
– 95,150 km of coastline
– More than 17,480 islands
– Stretches over 3 equatorial time zones
• Marine waters cover 75% of the national
area (~ 5.8 million km2), with third largest
EEZ in the world (2.7 million km2 )
• Fourth largest population in the world (~230
million people)
• Coral Triangle Areas ~ Mega Marine
Biodiversity

3. Basic Challenges:
1. Large and rapid population growth
2. Lack of knowledge for sustainable
management of natural resources
3. Lack of awareness on environmental
(coastal) sustainability
4. Poverty especially coastal
community

4. NEW PARADIGM
1. Decentralization
2. Democratization; Participatory
Approach
3. Ecosystem Based Management?
4. Sea Partnership (“Mitra Bahari“)

5. INTRODUCTION TO “Sea Grant-Like”
Indonesian Sea Partnership Program (SPP)
• SPP (“Mitra Bahari”) was
adopted from Sea Grant Program
Concepts and launched in
Indonesia since October 2002
• SPP was developed in order to
enhance marine, coastal and
small islands resources for
sustainable development
• by 2010 SPP has been grown and
established in 33 provinces
(participation of 86 Universities,
39 private institutions, 77 NGO’s)

6. Rules and Regulation
Related on SPP
• Legally, SPP is declared in Law No. 27/2007 concerning
on coastal zone and small islands management Article
41:
“In an effort to increase the capacity of the
stakeholders in management of coastal zone and small
islands, a Sea Partnership shall be established as a
forum for cooperation between the local government,
universities, non-governmental organization,
professional organizations, prominent figure of the
community, and/or the industry”
• Ministerial Decree no 14/Men/2009 concerning on Sea
Partnership

7.  SPP provides a mechanism for addressing
implementation gaps at central and
regional levels
 SPP has accesses capacity between
regional universities with local
development needed
 SPP matches national strategic priorities
with regional and regional development
issues
 SPP is appropriate within the framework of
democratic decentralization
RATIONALE SEA PARTNERSHIP

8. VISION
Partnership is vehicle to accelerate
marine and fisheries development
MISSION
•To develop partnership among stakeholders for
developing marine and fisheries sector
•To strengthen sea partnership institution;
•To support increasing capacity resources
management incoastal and small islands areas
based on science and technology;
•To push acceleration of marine and fisheries
development in coastal and small islands through
outreach and/or extension activity, education and
training, applied research, andpolicy
recommendation.

9. LOCAL
GOV.
PRIVATE
SECTOR
NGO’s
DG-
CSI
UNIV.
National Strategic
Priorities
Local Government
Priorities
Coastal
Community
Development
OUTREACH
EXTENTION
POLICY
APPLIED
RESEARCH
Private Sector
Development
CONSORTIUM
REGIONAL
UNIVERSITY BASED REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION
STRUCTURE

10. Location of Sea Partnership Provinces
(2003-2010)

11. Several Activities has been Achieved
within Sea Partnership Consortia in
2009
Activities Consortia/Regional Center
Developing marine protected areas based
community in Sekunyit, Kaur
Bengkulu
Coral Reef Surveys Result of Tsunami, Illegal
Fishing and Global Warming in Pulau Banyak
Aceh
Socialization of National Act Regulation No 27
Year 2007 on coastal zones and small islands
management.
North Sumatera
Capacity building training to support marine
protected areas
South East Sulawesi
Developing mangrove center in Teluk Awur Central Java
Developing marine ecotourism based
community
West Papua
Training on disaster mitigation North Sulawesi

12. CORAL REEF TRANSPLANTATION TRAINING IN
GOSONG SENGGORO
• When : June 2009
•Where : Gosong Senggoro, Kotawaringin Barat ,
Central Kalimantan
•Who : Coastal Communities in Gosong Senggoro

13. Entrepreneurship Training for Fisherman Women’s
Group in Pasia Nan Tigo Padang
Sea Partnership Consortia West Sumatera, 2009

14. Training Application of GPS and Fish finder for
fisherman in Sea Partnership Consortia South
Kalimantan
 When : April 2010
 Where : Fishing Port Muara Kintap South Kalimantan
 Who : 3 groups fisherman from Muara kintap and
Aluh –Aluh
 What : Application of GPS and Fish finder

15. National Secretariat Achievement in 2009
 Institutional Strengthening and core programs in 33
consortia
 establishment of Ministerial regulations on Sea
Partnership
 Initiated cooperation and received visit delegation from
Korean Sea Grant
 Training of Trainers on Logic Model for 33 coordinator Sea
Partnership Consortia
 National workshop on Sea Partnership
 Produced material publication such as journals, booklet,
etc in Bahasa

16. HONAM SEA GRANT VISIT, 2009

17. ACTION PLANS FOR YEAR 2010 IN
NATIONAL SECRETARIAT OF SPP
• Strengthening national Secretariat
• Produce SPP journals, Booklet, film, success
story of RC-SPP
• Training of Trainer/In House Training
• Coordination Meeting
• National Workshop on Sea Partnership
Program
• Participation on SPP Week in USA

18. Sea Partnership Coordination Meeting
September, 2010

19. • Increasing quality and active participation of
coastal community
• Strengthening institution, networking, and
personnel of SPP
• Synchronizing program & development of
partnership scope of SPP
• Increasing support facility, monitoring and
evaluation system for strategic planning of
SPP
• ncreasing program & improvement of
budgeting system of SPP.
Strategies for Development of SPP

20. POTENTIAL INTERNATIONAL
COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITIES AND OPPORTUNITY
FOR DEVELOPING SEA PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM
PARTICIPATE IN US SEA GRANT WEEK AND KOREAN SEA GRANT WEEK
TRAINING of TRAINERS/IN HOUSE TRAINING
PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL ADVISER (INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
SPECIALIST ) FOR REVITALIZATION OF SPP INSTITUSIONAL
STRENGTHENING HUMAN RESOURCE CAPACITY TROUGH EDUCATION (
INTERNSHIP, SISTER UNIVERSITY , SCIENTIST EXCHANGE PROGRAMS, ETC)
CONTINUING EXTENSION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM THROUGH
WORSKHOP AND TRAINING

21. SPP PUBLICATIONS

22. Cross Visit
Indonesian SPP – KOREA SEA GRANT
-Korea Sea Grant (Honam Sea Grant) delegates visited SPP in 10-13
August 2009 : Taekkun Nam (Director of Honam Sea Grant
Program), Daegwun Yoon (Mokpo University), Denny Kim (Chief of
Honam Sea Grant Program), Sophie Kim (Researcher of Honam
Sea Grant Program).
-November 2009, SPP participated in Korea Sea Grant Week
-The Expo 2012 Yeosu Korea Organizing Committee visited MMAF.
Director Marine Policy Division, Ministry of Land, Transport and
Maritime Affairs invite SPP to participate in Korea Sea Grant
meeting that will be conduct at the expo.

23. CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
 Indonesian Sea Partnership is rapidly growing and required
stronger cooperation and better strategies
 More active participation of Universities
 Stakeholders contribution (budget and activities) is needed
 Expand networking at the national, regional and international
levels
 Increasing human resource capacity in each regional center
 Development of activity implementation through collaboration of
cross consortia
 Increasing contribution of SPP to accelerate marine and fisheries
development
 Opportunity given by Law No. 27/2007 such as Ministry Decree
on SPP, strategic planning, and evaluation and monitoring
 Opportunity to participate in global cooperation/commitment for
managing some international issues (i.e. CTI, etc)

24. Coral Reef Rehabilitation and
Management Program in Indonesia
(COREMAP II)

25. Threats stem from both natural phenomena
and anthropogenic impacts.
Remote reefs are not safe from exploitation
and damage.
50 % of reefs are highly threatened.
Only 15 % of reefs are not threatened
Western Indonesia: < 30 % of reefs have a
coral cover > 50 %
Eastern Indonesia better but still < 45 %
Percentage of degraded reefs increased from
10 % to 50 % over last 50 years.
>23,000 km2 of original mangrove lost by
1980.
Threats to Indonesian reefs
( source Reefs at Risk)
The degree of threat varies with region, only through active collaborative research
we will determine the type and degree of threat (s) impacting the Indonesian reefs
Degree of threat to Indonesian reefs
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Totalthreat
Destructivefishing
OverfishingSedimentation
Pollution
Coastaldevelopment
Percentageofreefs
Low
Medium
High

26. • BLAST FISHING: can destroy nearby corals and severely
impact distant corals.
• CYANIDE FISHING: physical damage.
• Both extremely costly (Hopley and Suharsono 2000)
• Between 2000 – 2020 these practises will cost Indonesia:
BLAST: U$ 570 million
CYANIDE: U$ 46 million
• CORAL MINING: is completely unsustainable
• Blast and cyanide fishing still a huge
problem – need to enforce policy AND
examine mid to long term impacts.
• ALTERNATIVE INCOME STREAMS?
Anthropogenic factors decreasing diversity:
DESTRUCTIVE TECHNIQUES
Effects of distance on coral recovery following a blast event
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
time 0 1 year later time 0 1 year later
Porites 1 (6m away) Porites 2 (3 m away)
Surfacearea(mm)2
Bleached
Overgrown
Bleaching area
recovered
Modified from Smith 2003

27. • Natural or Anthropogenic
induced?
• “Bleaching” is a very
generic non-specific
term.
• Many factors induce
bleaching / coral mortality.
• One of the biggest cause of
concern is thermal induced
bleaching.
From Smith et al 2005 Global Change Biology
Coral Bleaching

28.  Phase 1: Initiation (1998-2003)
• Viable framework for a national coral reef
system in Indonesia established
• Assistance from: GOI, ADB, WB/GEF, AusAID
 Phase 2: Acceleration (2004 - 2012)
• Viable reef management systems established in
15 districts
• Assistance from: GOI, ADB, WB/GEF
 Phase 3???: Institutionalization (2012–2017)
• Viable reef management systems established in
priority districts operational, fully decentralized
to regional governments and institutionalized
COREMAP PHASES

29. Unique Design Features
• Decentralized Management
• Multi Stakeholder Inclusion
• Quantifiable Fisheries Benefits
• Wide Geographic Coverage
• Sound Financial Management
• Awareness for Behavior Change
• Project Support Communications

30. COREMAP II Goals:
 Insure biodiversity conservation and sustainable
management of coral reefs and related
ecosystems;
 Strengthen the capacity of communities and local
institutions to manage coral reefs and related
ecosystems; and
 Lower the incidence of poverty in the Program’s
coastal communities

31. (A) Institutional Strengthening - to enhance government institutional
responsiveness to meet the needs of coastal communities, in support of
collaborative management o f marine reserves and other marine protected
Areas
(B) Community Based & Collaborative Management - to empower all
coastal communities and institutions throughout program districts to
sustainably co-manage coral reefs and associated ecosystems to increase
incomes which will in turn enhance community welfare
(C) Public Awareness, Education and SPP to promote societal awareness
o f the benefits of coral reef ecosystem conservation and sustainable use
that leads to behavioral change.
The COREMAP (Phase 2) implemented through
3 components:

32. COREMAP II
ADB
COREMAP II
WB

33. CORE of COREMAP

34. We are too small……..!!!

35. Sustainable Reef Fisheries: Challenging
for COREMAP Program!
1. Total Allowable Catch?
2. Environmentally Friendly Fishing Gears?
3. Size Limitation/ Regulation?
4. Enforcement
5. Empowerment
6. Ecosystem Based Management

36. Small Scale
Locally Managed
Marine Protected Area (DPL)

38. Spill-Over: Penangkapandi Luar DPL

39. ISLAND
REEF WATCHER
VIOLATOR
COMMUNICATION PATHWAY
REPEATER ANTENA
REEF WATCHER
OTHER FISHERMAN
HIGHEST
TOPOGRAPHY
ISLAND
MCS BOAT
REEF WATCHER
DISTRICT ZONE
(4 NM)
PROVINCIAL ZONE
(12 NM )
HOLDING CAGE
ANNEX A. MCS SYSTEM WORKING MECHANISM
FISH DISEMBARCATION STATION
COREMAP
STATIONSUBDISTRICT
OFFICE
POLICE
OFFICE
KSDA OFFICE

40. 1. Institutional Accomplishments
• Operate in 16 Districts with Reef Area (3,300
sq km)
• Reach 407 Villages
• Baselines (Ecological; Social) Established
• Training Programs Conducted at all Levels
• 8 Provincial & District Legislation
• 15 District Coral Reef Strategies
• 14 District Marine Protected Areas (KKLDs)

41. 2. Community Based Accomplishments
• 700 Field Extension Workers
• 407 LPSTK and Village Information Centers
• More than 20.000 members of Pokmas
• 400 Village Coral Reef Mgmt Plans (RPTKs)
• 400 Village Protected Areas (DPLs)
• Community Monitoring, Control,
Surveillance
• 390 Micro Credit Operations

42. 3. Public Awareness/Education/Sea
Partnership Accomplishments
• Public Awareness Campaigns – All Media
• Competitions & Contests at all levels
• Teacher Training
• Elementary School Books and Program
• Junior and Senior High School Books
• Seconded Staff Placements
• University Scholarships
• University Field Internships
• High School Scholarships
• University Research Projects

43. 1.Advisory Services
2.Responsive Research
3.Scholarship
4.Seconded Staff
5.Field Work Training or
Internship
6. Establish National Sea
Partnership Office
COREMAP-II
• Institutional
Strengthening): Program
Coordination M & E and
Training
• Community Based and
Collaborative Management
: COMUNNITY
EMPOWERMENT,
COMUNNITY
DEVELOPMENT,
COMUNNITY BASE
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
MARINE CONSERVATION
AREA MANAGEMENT
• PUBLIC AWARNESS,
EDUCATION AND SEA
PARTNERSHIP
PROGRAM
NATIONAL SPP
• OUTREACH
• EXTENSION AND
EDUCATION
• APPLIED RESEARCH
• POLICY
RECOMMENDATION
SEA PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM-COREMAP II

44. •US SEA GRANT INTERNSHIP
•US SEA GRANT VISIT
•INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY SERVICE

45. CORAL TRIANGLE INITIATIVE ( CTI )
ON CORAL REEFS,FISHERIES AND FOOD
SECURITIES
Challenge and
Opportunity of
Science and
Management
in Improving People’s
Prosperity

46. TERIMA KASIH
THANK YOU
GAMSAHABNIDA