Countering Radicalization & Terrorism in Turkey

1. Dr. Bilal SEVİNÇ
Chief Superintendant
bilal.sevinc@egm.gov.tr
Turkish National Police
Counter-Terrorism Department
Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP 1

2. OUTLINE
 Terrorism in Turkey
 Separatist terrorist organizations (PKK/KCK)
 Violent activities of PKK/KCK
 Juveniles in PKK/KCK terrorist organization
 Activities of PKK/KCK in Europe
 Conclusion
2 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

3. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN
TURKEY
Turkey has had big human and economic losses in its long-lasting fight against terrorism.
3 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

4. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
 Left Wing Terrorist Organizations
 Terrorist Organizations Abusing Religion
 Separatist Terrorist Organizations
4 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

5. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
SEPERATIST TERRORIST ORGANIZATION:
PKK/KCK (KURDISTAN WORKERS PARTY / UNION OF COMMUNITIES IN KURDISTAN)
Serial Process Action
1. Ideology Marxism/Leninism (1978)
Separatism-M/L (1984)
Separatism-M/L -Exploiting of religion (1990)
2. Goal Establishing a unified independent Kurdistan, covering the territories from four countries
(Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran)
3. Strategy Long Term Public War Strategy (1978)
Legal Defence Strategy (1999)
Revolutionary Public War Strategy (2011)
4. Structure Kurdistan Workers Party / PKK (1978)
Congress for Freedom and Democracy in Kurdistan / KADEK (2002)
Congress for Kurdistan Public / KONGRA-GEL (2003)
Union of Communities in Kurdistan / KCK (2007)
5. Modus Armed attacks (Bombing, assassination, suicide attacks …) against civilians and sec. for.
Operandi Public Violent Activities (illegal demonstrations, Molotov cocktail bombings, arsons,
damage buildings & vehicles …)
6. Financial Trafficking (drug/human), money extortion, racketeering, taxation, donations, smuggling
Sources (commodity/fuel/cigarettes), …
7. Activities European Kurdish Democratic Society Coordination –CDK (2004)
Abroad
5 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

6. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
 Since 2010, 418 security officers and 111
civilians were killed and 2.329 security officers and
699 civilians injured in terrorist attacks carried out
by PKK/KCK terrorist organization.
 In the operations against PKK/KCK in this
period; 714 terrorists were captured dead, 57
terrorists were captured injured. Also;
 (161) heavy armors,
 (914) long barrel arms,
 (236) weapons,
 (157.620) bullets,
 (767.515) kg explosives were captured in these
operations.
6 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

7. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
Since 1984, PKK/KCK terrorist organization carries out its terrorism
activites and does not hesitate to kill individuals without being
selective on targets either civilians or security forces.
7 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

8. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
PKK/KCK announced the year of 2012 as the final year and asked its members to
increase violent activities.
One of the military wing leaders of the terrorist group, Fehman HUSEYIN (code
name Dr. Bahoz ERDAL) explained with his following statement that murders of
civilians is not important for PKK/KCK;
«It is not important to kill 50 civilians if you will be able to kill one police officer».
8 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

9. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
PKK/KCK takes the responsibility of civilian killings through its fake
structure of TAK. The aim is to ;
- Clear itself from the image of being terrorist organization,
- Show its militants that they are powerfull,
- Force Turkey to meet their demands .
9 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

10. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
18 October 2011- Güroymak/Bitlis
Explosive devices replaced under the road were exploded by PKK/KCK
terrorist organization. (5) Police officers and (5) civilians including a baby
were killed and (3) civilians were injured.
10 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

11. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
26 September 2011 - Batman
• PKK/KCK members carjacked…
• They responded to «STOP» warning of the
police with gun fire and then attempted to
escape shooting around…
• Eight month-pregnant Mizgin Doru, her
daughter Sultan and 1 police officer lost their
lives…
• The baby Doru who was in the womb of her
mother was saved but could survive only for a
day and lost his life in the hospital.
• Mizgin DORU was mother of 4 children. She
was pregnant for her 5th baby.
(1) Police officer and (3) civilians
were killed
11 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

12. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
• Aziz Tan was serving as imam…
• He was 49 years old…
• He advised to the children «do not throw stones at
security forces!» to save the futures of children.
• When he went out for Morning Prayer call in the
Holy Ramadan, PKK members shot him on his
back...
12 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

13. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
20 September 2011-ANKARA
(5) Civilians were killed,
(42) Civilians were injured
13 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

14. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
12 September 2006
Diyarbakır/Bağlar Koşuyolu
(10) Civilians were killed,
(16) Civilians were injured
14 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

15. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
27 June 2008 3 January 2008
İstanbul/Güngören Diyarbakır
(17) Civilians were killed, (7) Civilians – 6 of them were
(144) Civilians were injured children- were killed ,
(67) Civilians were injured
15 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

16. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
PKK/KCK terror organization rejects or brush over their
activities targetted civilians asserting several excuses.
20 September 2011, SİİRT
(4) young girls were killed , (2) other civilians were heavily injured.
16 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

17. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
29 October 2011-Bingöl
As result of a suicide bombing attack against the building of
Justice and Development Party, (3) civilians were killed and
(24) civilians were injured.
17 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

18. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
20 August 2012 9 August 2012
GAZİANTEP İZMİR/FOÇA
(2) Security forces were killed and (9) security forces
(10) civilians, (4) of whom were kids, were killed and and (3) civilians were injured. PKK/KCK also killed (3)
(65) Civilians were injured. villagers before the attack. In Sanliurfa provice (1)
(16) People were detained and (8) of them were terrorist was captured dead and (1) terrorist was
arrested. arrested.
18 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

19. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
On 19 september 2012, The Chief Public Prosecutor of Tunceli/Ovacık
was killed while going to his home as a result of armed attack of
PKK/KCK members.
19 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

20. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
In the eastern part of Turkey ,PKK/KCK carries out several other activities such as;
kidnapping of teachers, representatives of political parties and citizens,
burning the cars, work machines and schools.
20 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

21. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
21

22. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
22

23. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
90 juveniles acting in PKK/KCK terrorist
organization were seized in 2012. It
constitutes 13% of 671 seized PKK/KCK
members in 2012.
38 juveniles were seized just before they
are about to join the terrorist group. It
constitutes 40% of 95 people who were
seized before joining PKK/KCK in 2012.
23 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

24. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
625 juveniles were seized during illegal
violent demonstrations organized by
PKK/KCK in 2012.
It constitutes 39% of 1595 seized
individuals joined illegal violent
demonstrations.
24 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

25. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
PKK/KCK’S ACTIVITIES IN EUROPE
European Kurdish
Democratic Society
Coordination (CDK)
European Kurdish International
Associations Kurdistan National Kurdish Kurdish Red Kurdistan Islamic
Confederation (KON- Congress (KNK) Businesmen Union Crescent (HEYVA- Community (CIK)
KURD) (KARSAZ) SOR)
Directly tied to the YRD/Democratic Press Union ;
(6) Radios,
(3) TV Channels
(2) News Agencies,
(7) News Papers,
(45)Periodicals
(Magazines),
25 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

26. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
PKK/KCK’S ACTIVITIES IN EUROPE
European Kurdish
Democratic Society
Coordination (CDK)
European Kurdish International
Associations Kurdistan National Kurdish Kurdish Red Kurdistan Islamic
Confederation (KON- Congress (KNK) Businesmen Union Crescent (HEYVA- Community (CIK)
KURD) (KARSAZ) SOR)
CDK: Caries out its activities in Europe through 400 different organizations by abusing some
terms such as “humanitarian, cultural, rights and freedoms etc.”
KON-KURD: Recruitment activities and also promotes Kurdish language, culture and identity..
KNK: Responsible from political activities (i.e. freedom to Ocalan, clearing out the PKK/KCK’s
name from EU terror organizations list…).
KARSAZ: Financial activities for PKK/KCK
HEYVA-SOR: Gives financial and logistical support to PKK/KCK under the mask of
humanitarian aid organization
CIK: Under the mask of religious organization, carries out PKK/KCK related activities.
26 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

27. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
PKK/KCK terror organization
uses Europe for;
-Propaganda
-Recruitment
-Finance
27 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

28. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
ANKARA İZMİR İSTANBUL
22 May 2007 21 August 2008 11 October 2008
Çiğdem (K) Gönül ERDOĞAN captured
ANDOK (C) Güven AKKUŞ, ÖMER-AMED (C) Bünyamin with 5 kg of C-4 explosive in İstanbul in
Joined PKK/KCK in 1998 from SÜRME, Joined PKK/KCK in 2000 October 2008 and joined PKK/KCK from
Holland from Greece Germany
28 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

29. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
Joined PKK/KCK from Germany in 2006 and captured in
Ankara on on 17 October 2010. During the search of this
individual’s home following materials were seized;
-(11,5) kg chemical explosives,
-(4) handgranades,
-(2) Kalashnikov rifles,
-(1) fake ID card.
29 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

30. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
• PKK/KCK terror organization
collects 20 million Euro from Europe
in a year.
• 3 million out of 20 million is sent to
PKK/KCK camps.
• Legal structures of PKK/KCK is
funded by Economic and Financial
Unit (EMB in Turkish).
30 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

31. COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY
Terrorists’ needs such as logistical, food , weapon
and health are met with the money collected
from various sources.
Also, weapons and explosive materials which
were/are used to kill many innocent civilians and
security forces were/are bought with this money.
31 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

32. CONCLUSION
 PKK/KCK terrorist organization has used violence against civilians in its all history…
 Its ideology/strategy/goal/structure/modus operandi/financial and activities in Turkey and
abroad contain violence against civilians.
 Its violence against civilians is a result of a chain of command that it is systematic from
leadership/executive committee to armed militants.
 At the beginning violence against civilians was an instrument, it is now the goal of the
PKK/KCK.
 Activities and financial sources of some other structures of PKK/KCK that acts under legal
appearances such as TV channels, radio, newspaper, journals, associations, cultural centers
must be investigated and be made subject to the judicial process.
32 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

33. CONCLUSION
General Issues:
 Cooperation through information sharing is important in the fight against terrorism.
 Individuals subject to red bulletin should be extradited; documents captured during the
operations should be shared, and activities of the groups in other countries should be
decoded/prevented.
 In order to share experiences, trainings and capacity building activities between the
countries have due importance.
 Given that terror organizations have some legal extensions in other countries, their activities
in terms of supporting terrorist group should be kept under strict control.
 Countries should not allow terrorist groups’ financing and recruitment activities through legal
extensions.
 Some members of the terrorist organizations seek asylum In Europe with fake allegations
against Turkey. We kindly request other countries to ask Turkey before accepting asylum
seekers.
33 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

34. 34