Turismo en Centroamérica Desafíos para comunidades rurales y la gestión territorial. (Nicoya, Costa Rica, 10 - 13 de Junio 2007) PANEL TURISMO COMUNIDADES RURALES Y DESARROLLO LOCAL. Presentación de Caroline Ashley.

1. Evolving thinking on tourism and poverty reduction Caroline Ashley, Overseas Development Institute

5. Different ideas about tourism Signs of convergence?

6. Signs of convergence? Local economic development How to use tourism for linkages & enterprise? Local economic development Local linkages, enterprise development Pro-poor tourism practitioners Need to scale up effort & impact Link with private sector Tourism planners Arrivals, receipts, Marketing & statistics Pro-poor tourism practitioners Community tourism, micro business Conservation Livelihood impacts Economists development professionals Wary of tourism special-pleading Companies Profits

7. Signs of convergence? Local economic development Local linkages, enterprise development Tourism planners Arrivals, receipts, Marketing & statistics Pro-poor tourism practitioners Community tourism, micro business Conservation Livelihood impacts Economists development professionals Wary of tourism special-pleading Companies Profits Using core competencies for local impact Competitive advantage

9. Conceptual framework: 3 pathways by which tourism affects different poor people

10. Markets, factor prices, infrastructure, natural resources, skills, growth problems Non- tourism sector (supply chains and wages spent by tourism staff) Dynamic changes in the economy Tourism sector Pathway 1: Direct effects Pathway 2: Indirect effects Pathway 3: Dynamic effects Earnings, income, livelihood impacts Income Poor Households Within destination Outside destination

16. Consumer Service Provider Food ($7m) Accommodation ($8.7m) Excursions and transport ($1.8m) Curios and craft ($4.4m)

17. Suppliers Owner Owner Com-pany Secure family Family/ individual Family/ individual Secure family Secure family Family/ individual Free-lance Com-pany Service Provider Food ($7m) Accommodation ($8.7m) Excursions and transport ($1.8m) Curios and craft ($4.4m) Hotel Guest House Rest-aurant Snack stall Guide Local Transport Tour Operator Craft shop Curio vendor

18. Suppliers Service Provider Food ($7m) Accommodation ($8.7m) Excursions and transport ($1.8m) Curios and craft ($4.4m) Hotel Guest House Rest-aurant Snack stall Guide Local Transport Tour Operator Craft shop Curio vendor Owner Owner Com-pany Secure family Family/ individual Family/ individual Secure family Secure family Family/ individual Free-lance Com-pany Worker Staff Staff Staff Worker Employed guide

19. Owner Owner Com-pany Secure family Family/ individual Family/ individual Secure family Secure family Family/ individual Free-lance Com-pany Suppliers Fruit, veg, and specialty food suppliers Silk producer, silver seller, material gatherer Imports – silk, cotton, silver Construction workers, companies, furniture makers Fish and Meat suppliers Rural villages Wholesaler, Textile Weaver, Embroiderer Tailor, Paper-maker, Local transport Service Provider Food ($7m) Accommodation ($8.7m) Excursions and transport ($1.8m) Curios and craft ($4.4m) Hotel Guest House Rest-aurant Snack stall Guide Local Transport Tour Operator Craft shop Curio vendor Worker Staff Staff Staff Worker Employed guide

20. Owner Owner Com-pany Secure family Family/ individual Family/ individual Secure family Secure family Family/ individual Free-lance Com-pany Worker Staff Staff Staff Worker Employed guide Suppliers Fruit, veg, and specialty food suppliers Silk producer, silver seller, material gatherer Imports – silk, cotton, silver Poor or sufficient households Women are a significant proportion Women in the majority Ethnic minority group in the majority Poor or sufficient households Construction workers, companies, furniture makers Fish and Meat suppliers Rural villages Wholesaler, Textile Weaver, Embroiderer Tailor, Paper-maker, Local transport Service Provider Food ($7m) Accommodation ($8.7m) Excursions and transport ($1.8m) Curios and craft ($4.4m) Hotel Guest House Rest-aurant Snack stall Guide Local Transport Tour Operator Craft shop Curio vendor

21. Owner Owner Com-pany Secure family Family/ individual Family/ individual Secure family Secure family Family/ individual Free-lance Com-pany Worker Staff Staff Staff Worker Employed guide Suppliers Fruit, veg, and specialty food suppliers Silk producer, silver seller, material gatherer Imports – silk, cotton, silver Poor or sufficient households Women are a significant proportion Construction workers, companies, furniture makers Fish and Meat suppliers Rural villages Wholesaler, Textile Weaver, Embroiderer Tailor, Paper-maker, Local transport Service Provider Food ($7m) Accommodation ($8.7m) Excursions and transport ($1.8m) Curios and craft ($4.4m) Hotel Guest House Rest-aurant Snack stall Guide Local Transport Tour Operator Craft shop Curio vendor

22. Owner Owner Com-pany Secure family Family/ individual Family/ individual Secure family Secure family Family/ individual Free-lance Com-pany Worker Staff Staff Staff Worker Employed guide Suppliers Fruit, veg, and specialty food suppliers Silk producer, silver seller, material gatherer Imports – silk, cotton, silver Poor or sufficient households Women are a significant proportion Women in the majority Construction workers, companies, furniture makers Fish and Meat suppliers Rural villages Wholesaler, Textile Weaver, Embroiderer Tailor, Paper-maker, Local transport Service Provider Food ($7m) Accommodation ($8.7m) Excursions and transport ($1.8m) Curios and craft ($4.4m) Hotel Guest House Rest-aurant Snack stall Guide Local Transport Tour Operator Craft shop Curio vendor

23. Owner Owner Com-pany Secure family Family/ individual Family/ individual Secure family Secure family Family/ individual Free-lance Com-pany Worker Staff Staff Staff Worker Employed guide Suppliers Fruit, veg, and specialty food suppliers Silk producer, silver seller, material gatherer Imports – silk, cotton, silver Poor or sufficient households Women are a significant proportion Women in the majority Ethnic minority group in the majority Construction workers, companies, furniture makers Fish and Meat suppliers Rural villages Wholesaler, Textile Weaver, Embroiderer Tailor, Paper-maker, Local transport Service Provider Food ($7m) Accommodation ($8.7m) Excursions and transport ($1.8m) Curios and craft ($4.4m) Hotel Guest House Rest-aurant Snack stall Guide Local Transport Tour Operator Craft shop Curio vendor

24. Owner Owner Com-pany Secure family Family/ individual Family/ individual Secure family Secure family Family/ individual Free-lance Com-pany Worker Staff Staff Staff Worker Employed guide Suppliers Fruit, veg, and specialty food suppliers Silk producer, silver seller, material gatherer Imports – silk, cotton, silver Poor or sufficient households Women are a significant proportion Women in the majority Ethnic minority group in the majority Earnings to poor Construction workers, companies, furniture makers Fish and Meat suppliers Rural villages Wholesaler, Textile Weaver, Embroiderer Tailor, Paper-maker, Local transport Service Provider Food ($7m) Accommodation ($8.7m) Excursions and transport ($1.8m) Curios and craft ($4.4m) Hotel Guest House Rest-aurant Snack stall Guide Local Transport Tour Operator Craft shop Curio vendor

27. www.odi.org.uk/ tourism [email_address] New publications from the ODI Tourism Programme Opinions Pro-poor tourism: what’s gone right and what’s gone wrong? Briefing Papers Can tourism offer pro-poor pathways to prosperity? Assessing how tourism revenues reach the poor.