P5 pjouwena 4187997

Exploring
Innovative
Workplace
Design in
Jakarta!
Pamela Jouwena | 4187997!
Through satisfaction level
& productivity support!
1

¥  Research Background!
¥  Theoretical Background!
¥  Empirical 1 : Observation!
¥  Empirical 2 : Survey!
¥  Conclusions & Discussions!
¥  Recommendations!
2
Exploring Innovative Workplace Design in Jakarta | P.Jouwena | 4187997!

“We spend most of our time at work”
!
Research Background!
3

“Working is one of the two major paths of fulfilment in life.”
- Sigmund Freud -
!
4

5
5090%
90% of respondents indicated that better workplace de-
sign and layout result in a better overall employee per-
formance.
Only 50% of w
sign encourag
Nine out of ten respondents believe that workplace design af-
fects productivity
PRODUCTIVITY
“The US Workplace Survey” (Gensler Architects, 2008)!

“Corporate real estate is a powerful resource yet expensive,
the most expensive resource after labor.”
!
Joroff & Beker
6

Data benchmarking in Asia esp. Indonesia
7

New market for innovative workplace

Research Question!
8
Research question:
“What are the users’ preferences regarding the
physical workplace environment in Jakarta, which
are perceived, as supportive to higher productivity?”

Research Question!
9
Preferences!
Satisfaction!
PRODUCTIVITY

Research Design!
CONCLUSIONS
&
RECOMMENDATIONS
CROSS
CONCLUSIONS
EMPIRICAL RESEARCHPROBLEM STATEMENT
&
RESEARCH QUESTION
DATA TRIANGULATION
CASE STUDY
(OBSERVATION &
SMALL INTERVIEWS)
SHORT CASE STUDY
(OBSERVATION)
SURVEY ON
EMPLOYEES
(VIGNETTE)
INTERVIEWS WITH
KEY PERSONS
LITERATURE
STUDYPRELIMINARY
INTERVIEWS
INTERVIEWS
WITH EXPERTS
HYPOTHESIS 1
HYPOTHESIS 2
HYPOTHESIS 3
LITERATURE STUDY ON
THE ADDED VALUE
OF CREM
LITERATURE STUDY ON
CULTURE
LITERATURE STUDY ON
INNOVATIVE WORKSPACE
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
CASES IN
INDONESIA
REFERENCE CASES IN
THE NETHERLANDS
10

Theoretical background!
GENERAL
MANAGEMENT
Organizational
(Goals)
FOCUS ON INSTITUTION FOCUS ON INSTITUTION
FACILITY
MANAGEMENT
Functional
(USers)
ASSET
MANAGEMENT
Financial
($)
FOCUS ON REAL ESTATE FOCUS ON REAL ESTATE
STRATEGIC
STRATEGIC
OPERATIONAL
OPERATIONAL
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
Technical
(sqm)
CREM CREM
(Den Heijer, 2006, De Jonge et al, 2009)!
11

(Duffy, 1997)!
12
GRADE &
STATUS
FUNCTION
& TASK
PROCESS &
PERFORMANCE
ADDING VALUE
DRIVING DOWN OCCUPANCY COSTS

“The Networked Ofﬁce” (Duffy, 2008)!
13
Enjoyable workplace | Efﬁciency & effectiveness!

“Plannig Ofﬁce Space” (van Meel et al., 2010)!
14
Activity based | Workspace options | Control!

1.
ARTIFACTS
A. PRDUCTS
B. BEHAVIORS
readily observable,
but hard to interpret
OUTWARD
VIEW
INWARD
VIEW
2.
VALUES & BELIEFS
not directly observable, but can be distiled from
how people explain and justify what they do
3.
UNDERLYING ASSUMPTIONS
the foundations of culture which is so widely shared that people
are largely unaware of them
NATIONAL!
CULTURE!
COMPANY!
CULTURE!
(Schein, 1992)!
15

16
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
POWER
DISTANCE
INDEX
INDIVIDUALISM
INDEX
MASCULINITY
INDEX
UNCERTAINTY
AVOIDANCE
INDEX
LONG-TERM
ORIENTATION
INDEX
INDULGENCE
VS. RESTRAINT
Indonesia
Netherlands
(Hofstede et al, 2010)!

¥  MedcoEnergi!
¥  PTI – Architects!
¥  Egis Indonesia!
¥  P&G Jakarta!
¥  Ogilvy Jakarta!
Case study + Reference case!
¥  Microsoft Amsterdam!
¥  Ogilvy Amsterdam!
17

MedcoEnergi!
Hierarchical | Prestige | Indirect bottom up approach !
18
Industry:!
Oil & gas!
Founder:!
Indonesian!
!
Current leader:!
Indonesian!

PTI - Architects!
Less hierarchical | International env. | Indirect bottom up approach !
19
Industry:!
Architecture & Interior design!
Founder:!
Australian & Indonesian!
!
Current leader:!
Indonesian!

Egis Indonesia!
Hierarchical | High level of privacy | Top down approach !
20
Industry:!
Construction & Engineering!
Founder:!
French!
!
Current leader:!
French & Indonesian!

Procter & Gamble Jakarta!
Equality | Flexible working | Activity based!
21
Industry:!
Fast moving consumer goods!
Founder:!
American!
!
Current leader:!
Egyptian & Indonesian!

Ogilvy Jakarta!
Activity based | Conﬁdentiality | Autonomy!
22
Industry:!
Advertisement!
Founder:!
American!
!
Current leader:!
Indonesian!

Ogilvy Amsterdam!
Equality | Transparency| Autonomy | Knowledge sharing!
23
Industry:!
Advertisement!
Founder:!
American!
!
Current leader:!
Dutch!

Microsoft Amsterdam!
Activity based | desk sharing | transparency | no hierarchy!
24
Industry:!
Software!
Founder:!
American!
!
Current leader:!
Dutch!

Case comparison!
Based on diagrams by van Meel (2012)!

Case comparison result!
27
“Indeed, activity-based workplace design could work in Jakarta”!
•  No significant pattern based on national culture were found
•  What matters the most is organization culture & the culture of the current
leaders

Survey!
28
COMFORT | STIMULATION | PRIVACY
MaterialFurniturePlantsColourLighting

WODI toolkit!
29
WODI
ARCHITECTURE
INTERIORORGANIZATION
TRANSPARENCY
COMMUNICATION
CONCENTRATION
IT PERFORMANCECREATIVITY
STORAGE
PRIVACY
PRODUCTIVITY

Discrete Choice Survey Example!
“Which of the following ambience will be the most supportive for your
communication & productivity?”!
30

31
•  View to window: parking
•  Room partitioning translucent
•  Furniture: comfort over looks
•  Color: warm color
•  No plants
•  Blinds translucent
•  Bright lighting
•  Table partition height 50cm
•  Table partition material translucent
•  No cubicles
•  Floor wood & carpet

32
•  View to window: green & neighborhood
•  Room partitioning non translucent
•  Furniture: comfort over looks
•  Color: warm color
•  With plants
•  Blinds non translucent
•  Bright lighting
•  Table partition height 50cm
•  Table partition material translucent
•  No cubicles
•  Floor wood & carpet

Indicators from WODI & Discrete choice!
33
•  Furniture
•  Lighting
•  Blinds material
•  View from window
•  Colors
•  Plant
•  Lighting
•  Room partition material
•  Cubicle usage
•  Table partition height
•  Table partition material
•  Floor material
•  Architecture of the building
•  Interior design
•  Storage & archive
•  Lighting
•  Organization
•  Concentration ability
•  Communication ability
•  IT performance
•  Lighting
•  Support on productivity,
creativity & information
exchange
•  Transparency
•  Privacy in arrangement
•  Concentration ability
WODI
DISCRETE CHOICE

WODI result!
34
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
JKT
NL
STIMULATION & COMFORT

Discrete choice result!
35

Discrete choice result!
No Attributes Attributes Level Preferred Indicator
1 View from window With view to greenery Stimulation
2 Room partition material Non translucent Privacy & territoriality
3 Cubicle usage With cubicle Privacy & territoriality
4 Furniture Comfort over looks Comfort
5 Table partition height 50cm Privacy & territoriality
6 Colours Neutral colours Stimulation
7 Lighting Bright lighting Comfort & Stimulation
8 Plants No plant Stimulation
9 Blinds Translucent Comfort
10 Table partition material Semi translucent Privacy & territoriality
11 Floor material Carpet Privacy & territoriality
Privacy | Comfort | Stimulation!
36

Findings!
37
preference for productivity
Stimulation!
Privacy!
Comfort!

Cross-analysis!
38
MaterialFurniturePlantsColourLighting

Result!
39
MedcoEnergi
PTI Architects
Egis Indonesia

Conclusion!
40

Step-by-step approach to align company strategy & users demand
Conclusion!
41
1! 2!

Conclusion!
42
3!
ì  Innovative office (activity-based workspace) do not only increase satisfaction but
can also trigger higher productivity.

Conclusion!
43
Culture: National vs. Organizational
ì  Organization culture
ì  Industry dependent
ì  Influence of the current leader

Conclusion!
ì  The preference of the physical
characteristics could be used as
leverages on which attributes is more
important to be invested in.
ì  Hence, balancing the 3 indicators is
also important.
44
STIMULATION
COMFORT PRIVACY
WORKPLACE INVESTMENT
WORKPLACE DESIGN

ì  During the process of a workplace change, all case studies in Indonesia
did not show signs of direct user involvement
ì  Giving the sense of control is important for employee satisfaction
ì  Serendipities à trigger innovation / idea creation
ì  Discrete choice method à one way to do a bottom up approach
Conclusion!
45

Recommendations!
ì  Research on Serendipities à (work hub/ co-working)
ì  Discrete choice method àbottom up approach
ì Output: automate the process of generating design guidelines / program
requirements
ì  Data benchmarking of workplace management in Asian countries are still not
widely available à new market on workplace research & consultancy
46

Recommendations!
ì  Currently in the Netherlands:!
47
35% of Dutch
workers work ﬂexibly!
(tns nipo, 2010)!
2.9 million workers in
whole NL!
(cbs, 2012)!
1.8 million workers in
Jakarta (bps, 2012)!
ì  If the same percentage is applied in Jakarta:!

Questions!
48

Theoretical Framework!
49

WODI!
TOOLKIT!
DISCRETE!
CHOICE!
Survey method!
50

satisfaction!
preferences!
SUCCESSFUL
INDICATORS!

MedcoEnergi!
Hierarchical | Prestige | Indirect bottom up approach !
Workspace
Meeting Space
Support Space

Open office
Small meeting room
Filing space

Private office
Large meeting room
Storage space

Work lounge
Small meeting space
Print & copy
area

Large meeting space
Pantry area

Meeting point
Break area

Smoking room

Library

Waiting area

Circulation
space

Praying room

Support Space

51
¥  Program
requirements was
created in house!
¥  Workplace
guidelines based
on management
level!
!
¥  Surplus
workspace area to
response
company growth!

WODI Result | MedcoEnergi!
SATISFIED! UNSATISFIED!
Satisfaction towards organization ! 36%! 14%!
Satisfaction on architecture! 64%! 9%!
Satisfaction of the interior design! 55%! 9%!
Satisfaction of transparency! 71%! 5%!
Satisfaction towards privacy ! 29%! 33%!
Possibility to concentrate ! 29%! 33%!
Possibility to communicate ! 80%! 5%!
Satisfaction on the IT performance ! 55%! 25%!
Satisfaction on storage & archive facility ! 55%! 20%!
Satisfaction towards the lighting! 55%! 20%!
Supportive! Unsupportive!
Support towards productivity ! 70%! 5%!
Support on creativity & innovation ! 65%! 10%!
Support on information exchange ! 90%! 5%!
52

PTI - Architects!
Less hierarchical | International env. | Indirect bottom up approach !
Workspace Meeting Space Support Space
Open office Small meeting room Filing space
Private office Large meeting room Print & copy
area
Small meeting space Pantry area
Waiting area
C i r c u l a t i o n
space
Praying room
¥  Design was
created in house!
¥  No guidelines!
!
¥  Efﬁciency over
functionality!
53

WODI Result | PTI - Architects!
SATISFIED! UNSATIFIED!
54

Egis Indonesia!
Hierarchical | High level of privacy | Top down approach !
¥  Confidentiality is
taken for granted!
¥  Few possibilities
to work from
home, informal
policy!
!
¥  Inequality of
space!
Workspace! Meeting Space! Support Space!
Open office! Large meeting room! Filing space!
Private office! ! Print & copy area!
Shared office! ! Waiting area!
Cubicle! ! Circulation space!
55

WODI Result | Egis Indonesia!
SATISFIED! UNSATISFIED!
56

P&G Jakarta!
Equality | Flexible working | Activity based!
¥  GBS as assigned
department with
the help from JLL!
¥  International
working
environment!
!
¥  Global workplace
design guidelines!
Open ofﬁce! Small meeting room! Filing space!
Study booth! Large meeting room! Storage space!
! Small meeting space! Print & copy area!
! Large meeting space! Pantry area!
! Brainstorm room! Break area!
! ! Locker area!
! ! Waiting area!
! ! Circulation space!
! ! Games room!
! ! Praying room!
57

Ogilvy Jakarta!
Activity based | Conﬁdentiality | Autonomy!
¥  Personal desktop
for each
employee!
¥  Guidelines based
on design level
only!
!
¥  Emphasize on
brainstorming &
idea generation!
Private ofﬁce! Large meeting room! Storage space!
Work lounge! Small meeting space! Print & copy area!
! Large meeting space! Pantry area!
! Brainstorm room! Break area!
! ! Waiting area!
! ! Praying room!
58

Ogilvy Amsterdam!
Equality | Transparency| Autonomy | Knowledge sharing!
¥  Personal desktop
for each
employee!
¥  Guidelines based
on design level
only!
!
¥  Space sharing
with other ﬁrms!
Private ofﬁce! Large meeting room! Storage space!
! ! Print & copy area!
! ! Pantry area!
! ! Break area!
! ! Waiting area!
59

Microsoft Amsterdam!
Activity based | desk sharing | transparency | no hierarchy!
¥  New world of
work concept as
global guidelines!
¥  Informal working
environment!
!
¥  High concern on
space efﬁciency!
Team room! Large meeting room! Storage space!
Study booth! Small meeting space! Locker area!
Work lounge! Large meeting space! Games room!
Touch down! Brainstorm room! Print & copy area!
! Meeting point! Pantry area!
! ! Break area!
! ! Waiting area!
60

Hypotheses!
ì Hypothesis 1 !
“Organizations in Jakarta are aware on the importance of
the physical workplace, but did not show any sign of
bottom up approach on this matter.”!
“The settings of workplaces in Jakarta will tend show
hierarchical characteristics e.g. representing status.”!
“Employees in Jakarta will tend to have low satisfaction
level on their workplace, due to their low result on the
indulgence vs. restraint index.”!
61

Hypotheses!
“Organizations in Jakarta are aware on the importance of
the physical workplace, but did not show any sign of
bottom up approach on this matter.”!
The cases observed did not show
signs of any direct bottom up
approach!
62

Hypotheses!
“The settings of workplaces in Jakarta will tend to show
hierarchical characteristics e.g. representing status.”!
Two out of five case studies did
show high significant of hierarchy,
but no generalization could be
made from this findings.!
63

Hypotheses!
“Employees in Jakarta will tend to have low satisfaction
level on their workplace, due to their low result on the
indulgence vs. restraint index.”!
Indeed, the satisfaction level is
lower on the Indonesian result, but
the sample cannot generalize this
statement.!
64

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