1. SA-530 (R)
vads{k.k funZ”ku
iz”u% 01 vads{k.k funZ”ku D;k gS rFkk vads{kd dk D;k mn~ns”; gSa t cog vads{k.k funZ”ku dk mi;ksx djrk
gSa
mRrj% SA-530 ds vuqlkj] vads{k.k funZ”ku mu ykxw gksus okyh vads{k.k izfof/k;ksa dks lanfHkZr djrk gS tks
vads{k.k ls lacaf/kr ,d lexz (Population) esa ls 100% ls de enksa ij yxkbZ tkrh gSA
tc vads{kd] vads{k.k funZ”ku izfof/k;ksa dk mi;ksx djrk gS tc mldk mn~ns”; gksrk gS fd og vads{kd dks
pqus x;s funZ”ku esa ls lexz ds ckjs esa fu’d’kZ fudkyus ds fy;s ,d mfpr vk/kkj iznku dj ldsA ;gkW lexz
dk vk”k; gS ,d laiw.kZ vkWdM+ks dk lewg ftlesa ls ,d funZ”ku dk p;u fd;k tkrk gS rFkk ftlds ckjs esa
vads{kd fu’d’kZ fudkyuk pkgrk gSA
iz”u% 02 vads{k.k funZ”ku esa “kkfey pj.k D;k gSa
mRrj% Step – 1 funZ”ku dk fMtkbZu %&
tc vads{k.k funZ”ku dk fMtkZbu fd;k tkrk gS] rc vads{kd dks vads{k.k izfØ;kvksa ds mn~ns”; rFkk lexz dh
fo”ks’krkvksa dks /;ku esa j[kuk pkfg;s ftlesa ls funZ”ku fy;k tkrk gS ;fn
Step: 2 funZ”ku ds vkdkj dks lqfuf”pr djuk %&
vads{kd dks bl izdkj ls funZ”ku ds vkdkj dks lqfuf”pr djuk pkfg;s tks ,d Lohd`r lhek rd
funZ”ku dh tksf[ke dks de djus esa i;kZIr gksA funZ”ku dk vkdkj funZ”ku tksf[ked dh ek=k ] vads{kd dh
feF;kdFku dks lgu djus dh Js.kh rFkk vuqekfur xyfr;ksa ij vk/kkfjr gksrk gSA ;fn funZ”ku tksf[ke rFkk
vuqekfur xyfr;kW vf/kd gksrh gS rks funZ”ku dk vkdkj Hkh cM+k gksxk rFkk Vis a Vis ;gkW lgu djus ;ksX;
feF;kdFku dk vk”k; gS vads{kd }kjk lsV dh xbZ ekSfnzd jkf”k ftlds laca/k esa vads{kd vk”oklu dh ,d
mfpr lhek dks izkIr djus dh [kkst djrk gS fd vads{kd }kjk lsV dh xbZ vuqekfur ekSfnzd jkf”k ] lexz esa
fo|eku okLrfod feF;ko.kZu ls vf/kd ugha gSA
Step: 3 funZ”ku ds fy;s enksa dk p;u %&
vads{kd dks bl rjg ls funZ”ku ds fy;s enksa dk p;u djuk pkfg;s fd lexz esa izR;sd funZ”ku dks
pqus tkus dk volj feysA funZ”ku ds pquko dh lkekU;r% rhu fof/k;kW gS &
1. euekuk p;u (Haphazard selection)
2. nSo p;u (Random selection)
3. O;ofLFkr p;u (Systematic selection)
Step: 4 p;fur funZ”ku ij vads{k.k izfof/k;ksa dk fu’iknu %&
vads{kd dks izR;sd p;fur enksa ij ] mfpr vads{k.k izfof/k;ksa dk fu’iknu djuk pkfg;sA
Step: 5 fopyuksa rFkk feF;ko.kZu dh izd`fr rFkk dkj.kksa dh leh{kk &
;fn igpku yh tkrh gS rks vads{kd dks igpkus x;s fopyuksa rFkk feF;ko.kZuksa dh izd`fr rFkk dkj.kksa dh tkWp
dj ysuk pkfg,A rFkk vads{k.k izfof/k;ksa rFkk vads{k.k ds vU; {ks=ksa ds mn~ns”; gsrq mlds laHkkfor izHkkoksa dk Hkh
ewY;kadu dj ysuk pkfg,A
Step: 6 feF;ko.kZu dk izk;kstu (Projacting)
fooj.kksa dk ijh{k.k djus ds fy;s vads{kd dks lexz (Population) ds funZ”ku esa ik, x;s feF;ko.kZuksa dk
izk;kstu dj ysuk pkfg;sA

2. Step: 7 vads{k.k funZ”ku ds ifj.kkeksa dk ewY;kadu%&
vads{kd dks &
1- funZ”ku ds ifj.kkeksa dk ewY;kadu dj ysuk pkfg;s] rFkk
2- ;g ewY;kafdr djuk pkfg;s fd D;k vads{k.k funZ”ku dk mi;ksx tkWps x;s lexz (Population) ds
ckjs esa fu’d’kZ fudkyus ds fy;s ,d mfpr vk/kkj iznku djrk gSA
iz”u% 03 funZ”ku tksf[ke D;k gSa rFkk mlds fdrus izdkj gSa
mRrj% SA-530 ds vuqlkj ] funZ”ku tksf[ke ml tksf[ke dks lanfHkZr djrh gS fd vads{kd ds fu’d’kZ tks ,d
fun”kZu ij vk/kkfjr gksrs gS ] og mu fu’d’kksZ ls i`Fkd gksrs gS tks rc mRiUu gksrs gS tc ;fn laiw.kZ lexz ij
gh vads{k.k izfof/k ykxw dh tkrh gSA
funZ”ku tksf[ke nks izdkj ds xyr fu’d’kksZ dh vksj ys tkrh gSA
¼01½ fu;a=.k dh tkWp dh n”kk esa og fu;a=.k T;knk izHkkoh gksrk gS tks okLro esa gS vFkok fooj.k dh tkWp dh
n”kk esa ,d egRoiw.kZ feF;ko.kZu fo|eku ugha jgrk tc okLro esa og tkWp dh tkrh gSA “kq:vkr eas vads{kd
blh izdkj ds xyr fu’d’kZ ls ifjfpr gksrk gS D;ksafd ;g vads{k.k dh izHkkoksRikndrk dks izHkkfor djrk gS
rFkk ,d vuqfpr vads{k.k jk; dh vksj ys tkrk gSA