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1.Select   a partner
Human Dynamics:
Getting to know you



 2. Bring out a paper
  and pen.
Human Dynamics:
Getting to know you
 3. Exchange important
 information with each other’s
 personal and professional
 background, your propose
 research topic or words that you
 would like to explore and why, be
 very specific. (You are only given
 10 minutes to complete the task)
 and 3 minutes presentation.
Profile
            Maria Theresa Pilapil Pelones,
            DM,MS,MA
              Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com , Pinoyalert.com




EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Doctor in Management Major in Human Resource Management
•Master of Arts in Educational Management
•Master of Science in Teaching Mathematics
•Master of Arts in Instructional Design and Technology (On-going)
•Bachelor of Science in Mathematics
•14-years teaching experience and ICT Coordinator
•Master Teacher I
•Division Project ALERT Coordinator
•4 years as Human Resource Management Officer
Profile
             Maria Theresa Pilapil Pelones,
             DM,MS,MA
               Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com , Pinoyalert.com




ORGANIZATION
•Member of Microsoft IT Academy (Hongkong)
•Member of Asia-Pacific Partners in Learning (Singapore)
•Member Taking IT Global (Canada)
•Society for Information Technology and Education “SITE”
•President of ICT Coordinators Association of General Santos City
 Division
•Regional Trainer for Career Pathways in Technology in Livelihood
 Education in ICT
Profile
             Maria Theresa Pilapil Pelones,
             DM,MS,MA
               Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com , Pinoyalert.com


AWARDS & ACCOMPLISHMENT
•Top 1 National Awardee of the 5th Microsoft Innovative Teachers
 Leadership Award 2010
•PILPOTENSYAL-Building the 21st Century School System National Awardee
 2006
• Smart Partner School “ Most Community Collaborative Award” 2009
• Speaker during the 3rd National Basic ICT Education Congress
•Speaker in ICT Classroom Integration in the Philippines 2007
•Author of the published and presented book in the International
 Conference Society for Information and Technology in Education (SITE)
 2007 in San Antonio Texas, USA
•Author and Conceptualizer of Project ALERT (Advancing Learning using
 Electronic and Relevant Technologies), a web-based learning program-
 Regional Flagship Project of Region XII
•Author of pinoyalert.com and gschs.com (website) and
 educatorssquare.ning.com
•IT Coach Award “ SOCSARGEN IT CHALLENGE” 2004, 2006, 2007
Profile
            Maria Theresa Pilapil Pelones,
            DM,MS,MA
              Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com , Pinoyalert.com


VALUES
Integrity and pursuit of excellence
Principles in Life
The reputation of a thousand years may be determined
by the conduct of one hour.
CONTACT:
Cell No: 09219779382
E-mail & YM: mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com
Blogsite: www.educatorssquare.ning.com
Website: www.pinoyalert.com
Intro to   Statement
                                     Course
                                               Research      of the
                                    Syllabus
                                                            Problem


Maria Theresa P. Pelones,DM,MS,MA
Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com
www.Pinoyalert.com
www.educatorssquare.ning.com
09219779382
Course                Statement
Syllabus    Intro to
           Research      of the
                       Problem
COURSE       • MAED 200
            NUMBER


            COURSE    • Methods of Research for
DETAILS
COURSE




          DESCRIPTION   Educational Research



            COURSE       • 3 units
            CREDIT


             TIME        • 18 meetings
           DURATION
The course aims to introduce the
DESCRIPTION


                  basic ideas, concepts and
                    principles of research
  COURSE




                  methodology, the problem,
              methods of research, preparation
              of research instruments designed
                to arrive at exact analysis and
                     interpretation of data.
1. Show understanding on underlying concepts, principles and basic
                                    methods of research




                  2. Demonstrate skills in utilizing research process.
OBJECTIVES
 COURSE




                  3. Apply research process in constructing thesis proposal




               4. Conduct Group Participatory Action Research and Rapid Rural
                                     Appraisal System.




                    5. Defend Thesis Proposal through slide presentation
Research                 Related               Research
          Introduction of
                              Problems &            Literature and            Methods &
             Research
                              Objectives                Studies                Design
CONTENT


              Statistical        Data               Collection of              Sampling
 COURSE




              Treatment       Processing                Data                    Design




             Data Analysis/
                                  Summary/ Conclusion
             Presentation &                                          Bibliography
                                  & Recommendations
             Interpretation




                                           Thesis Proposal Writing
Individual Reporting


                  Group Presentations of develop or research activities


               Group Research ( PAR, RRAS, Action Research, Case Study)
REQUIREMENTS
   COURSE




                     Proposal Presentation with panel of examiners


                     Sample Statistical Problems and Case Analysis


                                  Written Examination


                               Writing reports of tryouts


                       Portfolio Development of Thesis Proposal
• Oral
                                                                  presentation
                                                                • Discussions
                                                                • Researches

                                                   ACTIVE
                                   ATTENDANCE
REQUIREMENTS


                                                PARTICIPATION

                                     5%          25%
   COURSE




                                   INDIVIDUAL   EXAMINATION
                                     OUTPUT

                                    50%         20%
               • Thesis Proposal                                • Prelim
               • Proposal                                       • Midterm
                 Presentation
Fraenkel, J. and Wallen, N. How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 6th
                            Edition, McGraw Hills Companies, Inc. New York, 2007
REFERENCES


             Calmorin, L. and Calmorin,M..Research Methods and Thesis Writing2nd Edition, Rex
                               Bookstore, Inc. Sampaloc, Metro Manila, 2007
  COURSE




             Calmorin, Laurentina . Research and Statistics with Computer. National Book Store,
                                    Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila, 2010




              Calderon, J. and Gonzales, E. Methods of Research and Thesis Writing.National
                      Bookstore, Incorporated, Mandaluyong City, Philippines, 1993
LESSON 1




            Intro to   Statement
 Course    Research      of the
Syllabus
                       Problem
Research is a careful, critical,
                  disciplined inquiry, varying in       Research is a process of gathering
              techniques and methods according to         data or information to solve a
                 the nature and conditions of the       particular or specific problem in a
                    problem, directed towards            scientific manner (Manuel and
                 clarification or resolution of the                Medel,1976 )
                       problem (Good,1972 )
OF RESEARCH


                 Research is an attempt to gain
DEFINITION



                                                        Research is a process of gathering
              solution to the problems, a collection
                                                          data or information to solve a
                of data in a rigorously controlled
                                                        particular or specific problem in a
                   situation for the purpose of
                                                         scientific manner (Manuel and
              prediction or explanation (Treece and
                                                                   Medel,1976 )
                           Treece, 1973)



                                                          Research is an attempt to gain
                 Research is a systematic study or     solution to the problems, a collection
                investigation of something for the       of data in a rigorously controlled
              purpose of answering questions posed          situation for the purpose of
                 by the researcher (Sanchez, 1980)       prediction or explanation (Treece
                                                                  and Treece, 1973)


                    Research is an ORGANIZED and SYSTEMATIC way
                         of FINDING ANSWERS to QUESTIONS
Find answer to the
                                       Discover more facts
               To serve man and                               problems by existing
                                        about unknown
               provide a good life                                methods and
                                          phenomena
                                                                  information


                Improve existing
                 techniques and             Discover
                                                              Discover pathways of
                   develop new            unrecognized
OF RESEARCH
IMPORTANCE



                                                                     action
                 instruments or            substance
                    products


               Order related, valid
                                        Provide basis for     To satisfy researcher’s
               generalization into
                                        decision making              curiosity
              systematized science




               To find answers to      Acquire better and     To expand and verify
                     queries          deeper understanding     existing knowledge




              Improves efficiency,    Improves exportations   Respond to economic
              efficacy and quality          of goods           recovery & austerity
EMPERICAL        Direct experience or observation




                    LOGICAL          Valid procedure and principles
CHARACTERISTICS




                                    Starts with problem & ends with
                    CYCLICAL                    problem
   RESEARCH
   OF GOOD




                   ANALYTICAL     Utilizes proven analytical procedures




                    CRITICAL      Exhibits careful and precise judgment



                                      Uses systematic method and
                  METHODICAL                   procedures



                                     Repeated to arrive at valid and
                  REPLICABILITY           conclusive results
R   esearch oriented

               E   fficient
                                            If the
                                          research
               S   cientific
                                      possesses this
                                         qualities,
               E
QUALITIES OF




                   ffective
RESEARCHER




                                       projects can
   GOOD




               A   ctive              be completed
                                          in short
               R   esourceful         period of time
                                       and respond
               C   reative                to socio
                                         economic
               H   onest                recovery of
                                       the country
               E   conomical

               R   eligious
CLASSIFICATION
                OF RESEARCH

Illuminative     Directive     Predictive
  Research       Research      Research
                                                 PURPOSE




                 Applied      Basic or Pure
                                                 GOAL




                 Research      Research
                                                 OF




Experimental    Descriptive   Exploratory
                                                ATION
                                               LEVELS

                                              INVESTIG
                                                  S




                 Holistic       Analytic
                                               ANALYSI
                                               TYPE OF




                                Action
                                                 SCOPE




                               Research
                                                 OF




         DEvelopmental         Evaluation
                                               CHOICE

                                               ANSWER
                                                 CAL




        Non-quantitative      Quantitative
                                               STATISTI

                                               CONTENT
                                                  TIME




Experimental    Descriptive    Historical
                                                ELEMENT
Defined as quantity
                                               A quality or characteristics
               susceptible of fluctuations
                                               that two or more mutually
                  of change in value or      exclusive values or properties (
               magnitude under different
OF VARIABLES


                                                  Sevilla et. All, 2002)
 DEFINITION



                 conditions (Calmorin,
                         2007)




                                     VARIABLE
INDEPENDENT                  This is a stimulus variables
                                                                            which chosen by the
                This variable intrudes        VARIABLE                   researcher to determine its
                or interferes with the IV                                relationship to an observe
                and DV but its effects                                           phenomena
                can either reinforce or
                weaken the IV and DV.
VARIABLES
 TYPES OF




            INTERVENING                                                         DEPENDENT
              VARIABLE                                                           VARIABLE
                                             TYPES OF
                                            VARIABLES                   This is a response variable which
            This variable controlled
                                                                          is observed and measured to
              by the researcher in
                                                                            determine the effect of the
              which the effects can
                                                                              independent variables.
               be neutralized by
                 eliminating or
             removing the variable.
                                              This is secondary or
                                            special type of variable
                                                   chosen by the
                                            researcher to determine
                       CONTROL               if it alters or modifies   MODERATOR
                                                 the relationships
                       VARIABLE                     between the          VARIABLE
                                                 independent and
                                              dependent variables.
Mathematics Scores and Number of Hours Study in
           Mathematics as Perceived by Sophomore Secondary Students
                         in Private Schools in Cebu City


                                 Age, gender,
           Number of                socio-           Mathematics
EXAMPLES

                                  economic,
             Hours                 attitudes           scores
                                towards study




            Weight Increment of Grouper Cultured in Fish Cages
            using Pellets and Bread Meal as Supplemental Feeds.



                                   Salinity
              Pellets of           Oxygen                Weight
             Bread Meal          Temperature,          Increment
                                     ph
1 PROBLEM/
                                   OBJECTIVES

                   11 SUMMARY/                    2 THEORITICAL/
                   CONCLUSION /                    CONCEPTUAL
                 RECOMMENDATION                    FRAMEWORK
RESEARCH



             10 ANALYSIS &                               3 ASSUMPTIONS
 PROCESS



           INTERPRETATION




           9 STATISTICAL                                    4 HYPOTHESIS
            TREATMENT




              8 DATA                                     5 REVIEW OF
            PROCESSING                                     RELATED
                                                         LITERATURE



                        7 DATA              6 RESEARCH
                      COLLECTION               DESIGN
LESSON 2




                       Research
 Course     Intro to   Problem
Syllabus   Research
                         
Problem is any (1) significant,
             perplexing and challenging
            situation, real or artificial, the     A problem that someone
              solution of which requires           would like to research. A
                reflective thinking (2) a        problem that a person finds
           perplexing situation after it has     unsatisfactory or unsettling,
           been translated into a question        a difficulty of some sort, a
RESEARCH
PROBLEM


           or series of questions that help      state of affairs that needs to
              determine the direction of                   be change.
            subsequent inquiry Dewey as
                   cited by Good ( ).




                                        RESEARCH
                                        PROBLEM
ELEMENTS OF RESEARCH
                         PROBLEMS



                                                            WHEN?         WHO?
ELEMENT OF




             WHY?             WHAT?           WHERE?
 RESEARCH
 PROBLEM




                                                            The period
                                                The place   or time of    Population
                  Aim or                       or locale
                                The subject                  the study    or universe
               purpose of                      where the    during the    from whom
              the problem       matter or     research is
                               topic to be                  data are to     the data
                   for                           to be          be          are to be
             investigation.   investigated.   conducted.    gathered.      collected.
The research problem or topic must be chosen
                    by the researcher himself.


                    It must be within the interest of the researcher.
RESEARCH PROBLEM
 GUIDELINE IN THE
   SELECTION OF




                    It must be within the specialization of the
                    researcher.


                    It must be within the competence of the
                    researcher to tackle.

                    It must be within the ability of the researcher to
                    finance; otherwise he must be able to find
                    funding for research.

                     It is researcher and manageable that is,
The general statement of
                                                                                        Each specific
                 the problem and the               It is customary to state
                                                                                      questions must be
               specific sub-problems or             specific sub-problems
                                                                                          clear and
                 questions should be               (specific questions) in
                                                                                       unequivocal (one
                formulated first before             the interrogative form.
                                                                                          meaning)
               conducting the research.


                Answers to each
                specific question               Each question
               can be interpreted               must be based
                 apart from the                  upon known                    Each specific question is
                answers to other                  facts and                     researchable apart from
FORMULATING




               specific questions.               phenomena.                   the other questions, which
                                                                                are answers to specific
  RESEARCH




                                                                                questions can be found
  PROBLEM




                                                                               even without considering
                                                                                  the other questions.

                Answers to each
              specific question must           Summing up the
                 contribute to the              answers to all
               development of the                  specific                The number of specific
                  whole research                questions will              questions should be
                problem or topic.              give a complete              enough to cover the
                                               development of             development of the whole
                                               the entire study             research problem or
                                                                                   study.



                                       There should be a general
                                       statement of the problem
                                          and then should be
                                        broken up into as many
                                       sub-problems or specific
                                        questions as necessary
Lesson 1 methods of research

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Lesson 1 methods of research

  • 1. 1.Select a partner
  • 2. Human Dynamics: Getting to know you 2. Bring out a paper and pen.
  • 3. Human Dynamics: Getting to know you 3. Exchange important information with each other’s personal and professional background, your propose research topic or words that you would like to explore and why, be very specific. (You are only given 10 minutes to complete the task) and 3 minutes presentation.
  • 4. Profile Maria Theresa Pilapil Pelones, DM,MS,MA Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com , Pinoyalert.com EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND Doctor in Management Major in Human Resource Management •Master of Arts in Educational Management •Master of Science in Teaching Mathematics •Master of Arts in Instructional Design and Technology (On-going) •Bachelor of Science in Mathematics •14-years teaching experience and ICT Coordinator •Master Teacher I •Division Project ALERT Coordinator •4 years as Human Resource Management Officer
  • 5. Profile Maria Theresa Pilapil Pelones, DM,MS,MA Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com , Pinoyalert.com ORGANIZATION •Member of Microsoft IT Academy (Hongkong) •Member of Asia-Pacific Partners in Learning (Singapore) •Member Taking IT Global (Canada) •Society for Information Technology and Education “SITE” •President of ICT Coordinators Association of General Santos City Division •Regional Trainer for Career Pathways in Technology in Livelihood Education in ICT
  • 6. Profile Maria Theresa Pilapil Pelones, DM,MS,MA Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com , Pinoyalert.com AWARDS & ACCOMPLISHMENT •Top 1 National Awardee of the 5th Microsoft Innovative Teachers Leadership Award 2010 •PILPOTENSYAL-Building the 21st Century School System National Awardee 2006 • Smart Partner School “ Most Community Collaborative Award” 2009 • Speaker during the 3rd National Basic ICT Education Congress •Speaker in ICT Classroom Integration in the Philippines 2007 •Author of the published and presented book in the International Conference Society for Information and Technology in Education (SITE) 2007 in San Antonio Texas, USA •Author and Conceptualizer of Project ALERT (Advancing Learning using Electronic and Relevant Technologies), a web-based learning program- Regional Flagship Project of Region XII •Author of pinoyalert.com and gschs.com (website) and educatorssquare.ning.com •IT Coach Award “ SOCSARGEN IT CHALLENGE” 2004, 2006, 2007
  • 7. Profile Maria Theresa Pilapil Pelones, DM,MS,MA Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com , Pinoyalert.com VALUES Integrity and pursuit of excellence Principles in Life The reputation of a thousand years may be determined by the conduct of one hour. CONTACT: Cell No: 09219779382 E-mail & YM: mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com Blogsite: www.educatorssquare.ning.com Website: www.pinoyalert.com
  • 8.
  • 9. Intro to Statement Course Research of the Syllabus Problem Maria Theresa P. Pelones,DM,MS,MA Mariatheresa_pelones@yahoo.com www.Pinoyalert.com www.educatorssquare.ning.com 09219779382
  • 10. Course Statement Syllabus Intro to Research of the  Problem
  • 11. COURSE • MAED 200 NUMBER COURSE • Methods of Research for DETAILS COURSE DESCRIPTION Educational Research COURSE • 3 units CREDIT TIME • 18 meetings DURATION
  • 12. The course aims to introduce the DESCRIPTION basic ideas, concepts and principles of research COURSE methodology, the problem, methods of research, preparation of research instruments designed to arrive at exact analysis and interpretation of data.
  • 13. 1. Show understanding on underlying concepts, principles and basic methods of research 2. Demonstrate skills in utilizing research process. OBJECTIVES COURSE 3. Apply research process in constructing thesis proposal 4. Conduct Group Participatory Action Research and Rapid Rural Appraisal System. 5. Defend Thesis Proposal through slide presentation
  • 14. Research Related Research Introduction of Problems & Literature and Methods & Research Objectives Studies Design CONTENT Statistical Data Collection of Sampling COURSE Treatment Processing Data Design Data Analysis/ Summary/ Conclusion Presentation & Bibliography & Recommendations Interpretation Thesis Proposal Writing
  • 15. Individual Reporting Group Presentations of develop or research activities Group Research ( PAR, RRAS, Action Research, Case Study) REQUIREMENTS COURSE Proposal Presentation with panel of examiners Sample Statistical Problems and Case Analysis Written Examination Writing reports of tryouts Portfolio Development of Thesis Proposal
  • 16. • Oral presentation • Discussions • Researches ACTIVE ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENTS PARTICIPATION 5% 25% COURSE INDIVIDUAL EXAMINATION OUTPUT 50% 20% • Thesis Proposal • Prelim • Proposal • Midterm Presentation
  • 17. Fraenkel, J. and Wallen, N. How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 6th Edition, McGraw Hills Companies, Inc. New York, 2007 REFERENCES Calmorin, L. and Calmorin,M..Research Methods and Thesis Writing2nd Edition, Rex Bookstore, Inc. Sampaloc, Metro Manila, 2007 COURSE Calmorin, Laurentina . Research and Statistics with Computer. National Book Store, Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila, 2010 Calderon, J. and Gonzales, E. Methods of Research and Thesis Writing.National Bookstore, Incorporated, Mandaluyong City, Philippines, 1993
  • 18. LESSON 1 Intro to Statement Course Research of the Syllabus  Problem
  • 19. Research is a careful, critical, disciplined inquiry, varying in Research is a process of gathering techniques and methods according to data or information to solve a the nature and conditions of the particular or specific problem in a problem, directed towards scientific manner (Manuel and clarification or resolution of the Medel,1976 ) problem (Good,1972 ) OF RESEARCH Research is an attempt to gain DEFINITION Research is a process of gathering solution to the problems, a collection data or information to solve a of data in a rigorously controlled particular or specific problem in a situation for the purpose of scientific manner (Manuel and prediction or explanation (Treece and Medel,1976 ) Treece, 1973) Research is an attempt to gain Research is a systematic study or solution to the problems, a collection investigation of something for the of data in a rigorously controlled purpose of answering questions posed situation for the purpose of by the researcher (Sanchez, 1980) prediction or explanation (Treece and Treece, 1973) Research is an ORGANIZED and SYSTEMATIC way of FINDING ANSWERS to QUESTIONS
  • 20. Find answer to the Discover more facts To serve man and problems by existing about unknown provide a good life methods and phenomena information Improve existing techniques and Discover Discover pathways of develop new unrecognized OF RESEARCH IMPORTANCE action instruments or substance products Order related, valid Provide basis for To satisfy researcher’s generalization into decision making curiosity systematized science To find answers to Acquire better and To expand and verify queries deeper understanding existing knowledge Improves efficiency, Improves exportations Respond to economic efficacy and quality of goods recovery & austerity
  • 21. EMPERICAL Direct experience or observation LOGICAL Valid procedure and principles CHARACTERISTICS Starts with problem & ends with CYCLICAL problem RESEARCH OF GOOD ANALYTICAL Utilizes proven analytical procedures CRITICAL Exhibits careful and precise judgment Uses systematic method and METHODICAL procedures Repeated to arrive at valid and REPLICABILITY conclusive results
  • 22. R esearch oriented E fficient If the research S cientific possesses this qualities, E QUALITIES OF ffective RESEARCHER projects can GOOD A ctive be completed in short R esourceful period of time and respond C reative to socio economic H onest recovery of the country E conomical R eligious
  • 23. CLASSIFICATION OF RESEARCH Illuminative Directive Predictive Research Research Research PURPOSE Applied Basic or Pure GOAL Research Research OF Experimental Descriptive Exploratory ATION LEVELS INVESTIG S Holistic Analytic ANALYSI TYPE OF Action SCOPE Research OF DEvelopmental Evaluation CHOICE ANSWER CAL Non-quantitative Quantitative STATISTI CONTENT TIME Experimental Descriptive Historical ELEMENT
  • 24. Defined as quantity A quality or characteristics susceptible of fluctuations that two or more mutually of change in value or exclusive values or properties ( magnitude under different OF VARIABLES Sevilla et. All, 2002) DEFINITION conditions (Calmorin, 2007) VARIABLE
  • 25. INDEPENDENT This is a stimulus variables which chosen by the This variable intrudes VARIABLE researcher to determine its or interferes with the IV relationship to an observe and DV but its effects phenomena can either reinforce or weaken the IV and DV. VARIABLES TYPES OF INTERVENING DEPENDENT VARIABLE VARIABLE TYPES OF VARIABLES This is a response variable which This variable controlled is observed and measured to by the researcher in determine the effect of the which the effects can independent variables. be neutralized by eliminating or removing the variable. This is secondary or special type of variable chosen by the researcher to determine CONTROL if it alters or modifies MODERATOR the relationships VARIABLE between the VARIABLE independent and dependent variables.
  • 26. Mathematics Scores and Number of Hours Study in Mathematics as Perceived by Sophomore Secondary Students in Private Schools in Cebu City Age, gender, Number of socio- Mathematics EXAMPLES economic, Hours attitudes scores towards study Weight Increment of Grouper Cultured in Fish Cages using Pellets and Bread Meal as Supplemental Feeds. Salinity Pellets of Oxygen Weight Bread Meal Temperature, Increment ph
  • 27. 1 PROBLEM/ OBJECTIVES 11 SUMMARY/ 2 THEORITICAL/ CONCLUSION / CONCEPTUAL RECOMMENDATION FRAMEWORK RESEARCH 10 ANALYSIS & 3 ASSUMPTIONS PROCESS INTERPRETATION 9 STATISTICAL 4 HYPOTHESIS TREATMENT 8 DATA 5 REVIEW OF PROCESSING RELATED LITERATURE 7 DATA 6 RESEARCH COLLECTION DESIGN
  • 28. LESSON 2 Research Course Intro to Problem Syllabus Research 
  • 29. Problem is any (1) significant, perplexing and challenging situation, real or artificial, the A problem that someone solution of which requires would like to research. A reflective thinking (2) a problem that a person finds perplexing situation after it has unsatisfactory or unsettling, been translated into a question a difficulty of some sort, a RESEARCH PROBLEM or series of questions that help state of affairs that needs to determine the direction of be change. subsequent inquiry Dewey as cited by Good ( ). RESEARCH PROBLEM
  • 30. ELEMENTS OF RESEARCH PROBLEMS WHEN? WHO? ELEMENT OF WHY? WHAT? WHERE? RESEARCH PROBLEM The period The place or time of Population Aim or or locale The subject the study or universe purpose of where the during the from whom the problem matter or research is topic to be data are to the data for to be be are to be investigation. investigated. conducted. gathered. collected.
  • 31. The research problem or topic must be chosen by the researcher himself. It must be within the interest of the researcher. RESEARCH PROBLEM GUIDELINE IN THE SELECTION OF It must be within the specialization of the researcher. It must be within the competence of the researcher to tackle. It must be within the ability of the researcher to finance; otherwise he must be able to find funding for research. It is researcher and manageable that is,
  • 32. The general statement of Each specific the problem and the It is customary to state questions must be specific sub-problems or specific sub-problems clear and questions should be (specific questions) in unequivocal (one formulated first before the interrogative form. meaning) conducting the research. Answers to each specific question Each question can be interpreted must be based apart from the upon known Each specific question is answers to other facts and researchable apart from FORMULATING specific questions. phenomena. the other questions, which are answers to specific RESEARCH questions can be found PROBLEM even without considering the other questions. Answers to each specific question must Summing up the contribute to the answers to all development of the specific The number of specific whole research questions will questions should be problem or topic. give a complete enough to cover the development of development of the whole the entire study research problem or study. There should be a general statement of the problem and then should be broken up into as many sub-problems or specific questions as necessary