Sampling Design is a process of obtaining information from a subset (sample) of a larger group (population) (webster 1985). This presentation is a partial fulfillment for a requirement for PA 298 Research for Social Science under Dr. Maria Theresa P. Pelones.

1. RESEARCHSAMPLING DESIGNS(PA 298 Research for Social Science) Presented by: Mr. John Ladaran March 12, 2011 Presented to: Maria Theresa P. Pelones, DM

3. The act, process, or technique of selecting a suitable sample, or a representative part of a population for the purpose of determining parameters or characteristics of the whole population. (Mugo, Fridah)

4. used to make inferences about a population from a relatively small number of observations, that are assumed to be representative of the population. 2 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

5. Purpose of Sampling: To draw conclusions about populations from samples To accurately describe the parameters of a population based on the description (statistics) of a set of elements drawn from the population. make generalizations about the whole [the population] which are valid [accurate] and which allow prediction. If this spoonful needs salt, then it's likely that this would be true for others as well. 3 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

6. Terminologies: Population * The entire group of people of interest from whom the researcher needs to obtain information Sample * contacting a portion of the population (e.g. 10%) Census * the entire population Element * one unit from a population 4 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

8. Principles of sampling Two keys: 1.) Selecting the right people - have to be selected scientifically so that they are representative of the population 2.) Selecting the right number of the right people - to minimize sampling errors 6 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

9. Principles of sampling Measure the sample using statistics in order to draw inferences about the population and its parameters Population sample population sample parameters statistic 7 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

10. Principles of sampling Characteristics of good samples Truly Representative Accessible Low cost Optimum size Result can be applied universally with reasonable level of confidence Similar to population 8 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

11. Principles of sampling sample population population sample 9 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

13. Sampling requires a knowledge of statistics, and the entire design of the experiment depends upon the exact sampling method required.10 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

14. Processes of Sampling Design 1.) Define the population 2.) Identify the sampling frame 3.) Select a sampling design or procedure 4.) Determine the sample size 5.) Draw the sample 11 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

15. Processes of Sampling Design Define Population Determine sampling frame Determine sampling procedure Non-Probability Sampling Probability Sampling Sample Size Execute sampling design 12 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

18. Problems with lists - omissions - ineligibles - duplications 14 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

21. Desired precision of the estimates

22. Kind and number of comparisons

23. Number of variables that have to be examined

24. How heterogeneous a population is sampled. 16 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

25. Determination of Sample size Nature of population -heterogeneous or homogenous -dispersion variability Number of variables to be studied Nature of groups and sub-groups proposed Nature of study (quantitative or qualitative) -intensive & continuous or general survey Type of sample Intended depth of analysis 17 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

26. Determination of Sample size Precision and reliability Level of non response Available finance and other resources Size of population Nature of size of population Size of questionnaire 18 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011

27. to be continue by…. MS. CHONA CASANOVA ON DIFFERENT TYPE OF SAMPLING DESIGN 19 PA298 RESEARCH SAMPLING DESIGN 3/15/2011