SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 14
Market Segments and
Marketing Mix
Christie and Ryan
Market Segmentations
Market segmentation involves dividing a broad target
market into subsets of consumers who have common needs
(and/or common desires)
Depending on the society. These subsets may be
divided/segmented by criteria such as:
- Age
- Gender
- other distinctions such as location or income.
Segmentation
-Geographic segmentation -> Geographic location
-Demographic segmentation -> Based on variables
-Psychographic Segmentation -> Lifestyles
-Behavioural Segmentation -> Based on responses
-Occasions -> Occasions of use
"Positive" market Segmentation -> Similar wants or needs
Marketing Mix
The marketing mix is a business tool used in
marketing to determine a product or brand's offering and
is often synonymous with the Four Ps:
Product
A product is seen as an item that satisfies a consumer’s
needs or wants. It can be a tangible good or an intangible service.
The product a business plan to supply must:
- Satisfy the wants or needs of customers
- Be of an appropriate design that fulfills its
functions and appeal to customers
- Branding -> Product identification by a unique name
- Trade marks -> Registered symbol or a logo
- Packaging -> Container or wrapping of a product
- Product range -> Producing different types of product to reach
different parts of market
Product Differentiation
Product Life Cycle
Price
is the amount that a customer pays for a product
it’s of utmost importance as it determines the company's profit,
There are different Pricing Strategies that can be adopted to
sell a product
Competitive -> Pricing based on competitors’ prices
Penetration -> Pricing lower than competitors’ prices
Promotional -> Pricing to attract customers away from competitors
Predator -> Pricing Low enough to drive competitors out of market
Cost-Plus -> Adding a percentage for profit mark up
Loss leader -> Pricing less than its costs
Price leader -> Pricing like how others have priced
Price skimming -> Pricing high enough for new products to cover production costs
Pricing Strategies
Place
Refers to providing the product at a place which
is convenient for consumers to access
Factors:
-Legislations
-Environment
-Workforce
-Competitors-Costs
-Access to suppliers and customers
-Infrastructures
Channels of Distribution
-Manufacturer -> Produces the products
-Wholesaler -> Buys products in bulk from the
manufacturer
-Retailer -> Outlet that sells products to the customers
Promotion
Represents all methods of communication that a
marketer may use to provide information to different
parties about the product.
Process of a successful promotion:
Awareness -> Information -> Desire -> Action
Above the line promotions-> using media to advertise product.
Tv, radios, websites
Below the line promotions -> Promoting product without a media.
Special offers, sponsorships
Public relations -> keeping the product in the public eye in ways other
than promotion
Types of Promotion
THANK YOU

More Related Content

What's hot

International marketing - Module 7
International marketing - Module 7International marketing - Module 7
International marketing - Module 7The Stockker
 
Channel of distribution
Channel of distributionChannel of distribution
Channel of distributionRajKutty8
 
4 wholesaling-and-retailing
4 wholesaling-and-retailing4 wholesaling-and-retailing
4 wholesaling-and-retailingAshish Hande
 
Improving market share noshir marfatia
Improving market share noshir marfatiaImproving market share noshir marfatia
Improving market share noshir marfatiaSanjay Patil
 
Vertical and horizontal marketing
Vertical and horizontal marketingVertical and horizontal marketing
Vertical and horizontal marketingDeepak Kumar
 
Functions of marketing
Functions of marketingFunctions of marketing
Functions of marketingnithyam40
 
Vertical marketing
Vertical marketingVertical marketing
Vertical marketingLori Fisher
 
What are the requirements for Effective Segmentation?
What are the requirements for Effective Segmentation?What are the requirements for Effective Segmentation?
What are the requirements for Effective Segmentation?Sameer Mathur
 
SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING
SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONINGSEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING
SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONINGMahesh Weeratunge
 
Pricing decisions in marketing management
Pricing decisions in marketing managementPricing decisions in marketing management
Pricing decisions in marketing managementKrutika Pachauri
 
production Economic
production Economicproduction Economic
production EconomicItiDubey3
 
Selection and management of intermediaries
Selection and management of intermediariesSelection and management of intermediaries
Selection and management of intermediariesTanya Srivastava
 
MARKETING EFFICIENCY MARGINS & COSTS
MARKETING EFFICIENCY MARGINS & COSTSMARKETING EFFICIENCY MARGINS & COSTS
MARKETING EFFICIENCY MARGINS & COSTSzeeshansarwar32
 
Marketing Chapter 09
Marketing Chapter 09Marketing Chapter 09
Marketing Chapter 09WanBK Leo
 
marketing management
marketing managementmarketing management
marketing managementNiraipandi
 

What's hot (20)

Market targeting
Market targetingMarket targeting
Market targeting
 
International marketing - Module 7
International marketing - Module 7International marketing - Module 7
International marketing - Module 7
 
4 p,s of marketing
4 p,s of marketing4 p,s of marketing
4 p,s of marketing
 
Channel of distribution
Channel of distributionChannel of distribution
Channel of distribution
 
4 wholesaling-and-retailing
4 wholesaling-and-retailing4 wholesaling-and-retailing
4 wholesaling-and-retailing
 
Improving market share noshir marfatia
Improving market share noshir marfatiaImproving market share noshir marfatia
Improving market share noshir marfatia
 
Vertical and horizontal marketing
Vertical and horizontal marketingVertical and horizontal marketing
Vertical and horizontal marketing
 
Functions of marketing
Functions of marketingFunctions of marketing
Functions of marketing
 
Vertical marketing
Vertical marketingVertical marketing
Vertical marketing
 
Marketing Mix
Marketing MixMarketing Mix
Marketing Mix
 
What are the requirements for Effective Segmentation?
What are the requirements for Effective Segmentation?What are the requirements for Effective Segmentation?
What are the requirements for Effective Segmentation?
 
SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING
SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONINGSEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING
SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING
 
Pricing decisions in marketing management
Pricing decisions in marketing managementPricing decisions in marketing management
Pricing decisions in marketing management
 
production Economic
production Economicproduction Economic
production Economic
 
Managing industrial product line
Managing industrial product lineManaging industrial product line
Managing industrial product line
 
Selection and management of intermediaries
Selection and management of intermediariesSelection and management of intermediaries
Selection and management of intermediaries
 
Business Level Statergy
Business Level StatergyBusiness Level Statergy
Business Level Statergy
 
MARKETING EFFICIENCY MARGINS & COSTS
MARKETING EFFICIENCY MARGINS & COSTSMARKETING EFFICIENCY MARGINS & COSTS
MARKETING EFFICIENCY MARGINS & COSTS
 
Marketing Chapter 09
Marketing Chapter 09Marketing Chapter 09
Marketing Chapter 09
 
marketing management
marketing managementmarketing management
marketing management
 

Viewers also liked

Effective Segmentation
Effective SegmentationEffective Segmentation
Effective Segmentation4Good.org
 
Marketing segmentation, targeting & positioning
Marketing segmentation, targeting & positioningMarketing segmentation, targeting & positioning
Marketing segmentation, targeting & positioningAgnes Miriam
 
What are the different levels of market segmentation
What are the different levels of market segmentationWhat are the different levels of market segmentation
What are the different levels of market segmentationSameer mathur
 
New market segmentation
New market segmentationNew market segmentation
New market segmentationdeepu2000
 
Market segmentation presentation
Market segmentation presentationMarket segmentation presentation
Market segmentation presentationAmol Salve
 
Market segmentation PPT
Market segmentation PPTMarket segmentation PPT
Market segmentation PPTAabhas Rastogi
 
Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning
Market Segmentation, Targeting and PositioningMarket Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning
Market Segmentation, Targeting and PositioningDaniel Gibson
 

Viewers also liked (9)

Effective Segmentation
Effective SegmentationEffective Segmentation
Effective Segmentation
 
Ch 10
Ch 10Ch 10
Ch 10
 
Marketing segmentation, targeting & positioning
Marketing segmentation, targeting & positioningMarketing segmentation, targeting & positioning
Marketing segmentation, targeting & positioning
 
What are the different levels of market segmentation
What are the different levels of market segmentationWhat are the different levels of market segmentation
What are the different levels of market segmentation
 
New market segmentation
New market segmentationNew market segmentation
New market segmentation
 
Market Segmentation
Market SegmentationMarket Segmentation
Market Segmentation
 
Market segmentation presentation
Market segmentation presentationMarket segmentation presentation
Market segmentation presentation
 
Market segmentation PPT
Market segmentation PPTMarket segmentation PPT
Market segmentation PPT
 
Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning
Market Segmentation, Targeting and PositioningMarket Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning
Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning
 

Similar to Marketing mix and segmentation

Marketing management - Marketing mix - Role of Marketing
Marketing management - Marketing mix - Role of Marketing Marketing management - Marketing mix - Role of Marketing
Marketing management - Marketing mix - Role of Marketing Arunagiri N
 
Marketing Plan Strategic Development
Marketing Plan  Strategic DevelopmentMarketing Plan  Strategic Development
Marketing Plan Strategic DevelopmentFred Burkhardt
 
Consumer+behaviour+consumer+analysis+ch2
Consumer+behaviour+consumer+analysis+ch2Consumer+behaviour+consumer+analysis+ch2
Consumer+behaviour+consumer+analysis+ch2shrutika1991
 
Ent8 the marketing plan
Ent8 the marketing planEnt8 the marketing plan
Ent8 the marketing planNauman khan
 
Marketing fundamentals part - II
Marketing fundamentals part - IIMarketing fundamentals part - II
Marketing fundamentals part - IIPriyanka Gautam
 
Chapter 5 Market Segmentations, Targeting and Positioning in Hospitality indu...
Chapter 5 Market Segmentations, Targeting and Positioning in Hospitality indu...Chapter 5 Market Segmentations, Targeting and Positioning in Hospitality indu...
Chapter 5 Market Segmentations, Targeting and Positioning in Hospitality indu...Md Shaifullar Rabbi
 
Marketing - Product Management
Marketing - Product ManagementMarketing - Product Management
Marketing - Product ManagementSurya Prajapat
 
Selecting the distribution strategies [recovered]
Selecting the distribution strategies [recovered]Selecting the distribution strategies [recovered]
Selecting the distribution strategies [recovered]Sandeep Shrestha
 
Webinar on Marketing Basics by IIM Rohtak for Admissions-2014
Webinar on Marketing Basics by IIM Rohtak for Admissions-2014Webinar on Marketing Basics by IIM Rohtak for Admissions-2014
Webinar on Marketing Basics by IIM Rohtak for Admissions-2014PR Cell, IIM Rohtak
 
Strategicmrktg
StrategicmrktgStrategicmrktg
Strategicmrktgtogtox
 

Similar to Marketing mix and segmentation (20)

Marketing management - Marketing mix - Role of Marketing
Marketing management - Marketing mix - Role of Marketing Marketing management - Marketing mix - Role of Marketing
Marketing management - Marketing mix - Role of Marketing
 
marketing buss.pptx
marketing buss.pptxmarketing buss.pptx
marketing buss.pptx
 
Marketing Plan Strategic Development
Marketing Plan  Strategic DevelopmentMarketing Plan  Strategic Development
Marketing Plan Strategic Development
 
C4e5 marketing plan
C4e5 marketing planC4e5 marketing plan
C4e5 marketing plan
 
Ent300 Module08
Ent300 Module08Ent300 Module08
Ent300 Module08
 
Consumer+behaviour+consumer+analysis+ch2
Consumer+behaviour+consumer+analysis+ch2Consumer+behaviour+consumer+analysis+ch2
Consumer+behaviour+consumer+analysis+ch2
 
Ent8 the marketing plan
Ent8 the marketing planEnt8 the marketing plan
Ent8 the marketing plan
 
Sales management
Sales managementSales management
Sales management
 
Marketing fundamentals part - II
Marketing fundamentals part - IIMarketing fundamentals part - II
Marketing fundamentals part - II
 
Marketing plan
Marketing planMarketing plan
Marketing plan
 
Chapter 5 Market Segmentations, Targeting and Positioning in Hospitality indu...
Chapter 5 Market Segmentations, Targeting and Positioning in Hospitality indu...Chapter 5 Market Segmentations, Targeting and Positioning in Hospitality indu...
Chapter 5 Market Segmentations, Targeting and Positioning in Hospitality indu...
 
tourism plan (2)
tourism plan (2)tourism plan (2)
tourism plan (2)
 
Final training zain
Final training zainFinal training zain
Final training zain
 
Marketing - Product Management
Marketing - Product ManagementMarketing - Product Management
Marketing - Product Management
 
Selecting the distribution strategies [recovered]
Selecting the distribution strategies [recovered]Selecting the distribution strategies [recovered]
Selecting the distribution strategies [recovered]
 
Marketing strategy
Marketing strategyMarketing strategy
Marketing strategy
 
Sdm 1.1
Sdm 1.1Sdm 1.1
Sdm 1.1
 
Webinar on Marketing Basics by IIM Rohtak for Admissions-2014
Webinar on Marketing Basics by IIM Rohtak for Admissions-2014Webinar on Marketing Basics by IIM Rohtak for Admissions-2014
Webinar on Marketing Basics by IIM Rohtak for Admissions-2014
 
Strategicmrktg
StrategicmrktgStrategicmrktg
Strategicmrktg
 
01 marketing concepts
01 marketing concepts01 marketing concepts
01 marketing concepts
 

Recently uploaded

Buy gmail accounts.pdf Buy Old Gmail Accounts
Buy gmail accounts.pdf Buy Old Gmail AccountsBuy gmail accounts.pdf Buy Old Gmail Accounts
Buy gmail accounts.pdf Buy Old Gmail AccountsBuy Verified Accounts
 
PB Project 1: Exploring Your Personal Brand
PB Project 1: Exploring Your Personal BrandPB Project 1: Exploring Your Personal Brand
PB Project 1: Exploring Your Personal BrandSharisaBethune
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCRashishs7044
 
Independent Call Girls Andheri Nightlaila 9967584737
Independent Call Girls Andheri Nightlaila 9967584737Independent Call Girls Andheri Nightlaila 9967584737
Independent Call Girls Andheri Nightlaila 9967584737Riya Pathan
 
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal auditChapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal auditNhtLNguyn9
 
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdfNewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdfKhaled Al Awadi
 
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 EditionMarket Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 EditionMintel Group
 
Flow Your Strategy at Flight Levels Day 2024
Flow Your Strategy at Flight Levels Day 2024Flow Your Strategy at Flight Levels Day 2024
Flow Your Strategy at Flight Levels Day 2024Kirill Klimov
 
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy CheruiyotInvestment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyotictsugar
 
Call Girls Contact Number Andheri 9920874524
Call Girls Contact Number Andheri 9920874524Call Girls Contact Number Andheri 9920874524
Call Girls Contact Number Andheri 9920874524najka9823
 
TriStar Gold Corporate Presentation - April 2024
TriStar Gold Corporate Presentation - April 2024TriStar Gold Corporate Presentation - April 2024
TriStar Gold Corporate Presentation - April 2024Adnet Communications
 
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...Seta Wicaksana
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Shivaji Enclave Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Shivaji Enclave Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Shivaji Enclave Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Shivaji Enclave Delhi NCRashishs7044
 
MAHA Global and IPR: Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words?
MAHA Global and IPR: Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words?MAHA Global and IPR: Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words?
MAHA Global and IPR: Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words?Olivia Kresic
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCRashishs7044
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCRashishs7044
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCRashishs7044
 
The-Ethical-issues-ghhhhhhhhjof-Byjus.pptx
The-Ethical-issues-ghhhhhhhhjof-Byjus.pptxThe-Ethical-issues-ghhhhhhhhjof-Byjus.pptx
The-Ethical-issues-ghhhhhhhhjof-Byjus.pptxmbikashkanyari
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Buy gmail accounts.pdf Buy Old Gmail Accounts
Buy gmail accounts.pdf Buy Old Gmail AccountsBuy gmail accounts.pdf Buy Old Gmail Accounts
Buy gmail accounts.pdf Buy Old Gmail Accounts
 
PB Project 1: Exploring Your Personal Brand
PB Project 1: Exploring Your Personal BrandPB Project 1: Exploring Your Personal Brand
PB Project 1: Exploring Your Personal Brand
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
 
Independent Call Girls Andheri Nightlaila 9967584737
Independent Call Girls Andheri Nightlaila 9967584737Independent Call Girls Andheri Nightlaila 9967584737
Independent Call Girls Andheri Nightlaila 9967584737
 
Call Us ➥9319373153▻Call Girls In North Goa
Call Us ➥9319373153▻Call Girls In North GoaCall Us ➥9319373153▻Call Girls In North Goa
Call Us ➥9319373153▻Call Girls In North Goa
 
No-1 Call Girls In Goa 93193 VIP 73153 Escort service In North Goa Panaji, Ca...
No-1 Call Girls In Goa 93193 VIP 73153 Escort service In North Goa Panaji, Ca...No-1 Call Girls In Goa 93193 VIP 73153 Escort service In North Goa Panaji, Ca...
No-1 Call Girls In Goa 93193 VIP 73153 Escort service In North Goa Panaji, Ca...
 
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal auditChapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
 
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdfNewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
 
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 EditionMarket Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
 
Flow Your Strategy at Flight Levels Day 2024
Flow Your Strategy at Flight Levels Day 2024Flow Your Strategy at Flight Levels Day 2024
Flow Your Strategy at Flight Levels Day 2024
 
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy CheruiyotInvestment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
 
Call Girls Contact Number Andheri 9920874524
Call Girls Contact Number Andheri 9920874524Call Girls Contact Number Andheri 9920874524
Call Girls Contact Number Andheri 9920874524
 
TriStar Gold Corporate Presentation - April 2024
TriStar Gold Corporate Presentation - April 2024TriStar Gold Corporate Presentation - April 2024
TriStar Gold Corporate Presentation - April 2024
 
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Shivaji Enclave Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Shivaji Enclave Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Shivaji Enclave Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Shivaji Enclave Delhi NCR
 
MAHA Global and IPR: Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words?
MAHA Global and IPR: Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words?MAHA Global and IPR: Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words?
MAHA Global and IPR: Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words?
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
 
The-Ethical-issues-ghhhhhhhhjof-Byjus.pptx
The-Ethical-issues-ghhhhhhhhjof-Byjus.pptxThe-Ethical-issues-ghhhhhhhhjof-Byjus.pptx
The-Ethical-issues-ghhhhhhhhjof-Byjus.pptx
 

Marketing mix and segmentation

  • 1. Market Segments and Marketing Mix Christie and Ryan
  • 2. Market Segmentations Market segmentation involves dividing a broad target market into subsets of consumers who have common needs (and/or common desires) Depending on the society. These subsets may be divided/segmented by criteria such as: - Age - Gender - other distinctions such as location or income.
  • 3. Segmentation -Geographic segmentation -> Geographic location -Demographic segmentation -> Based on variables -Psychographic Segmentation -> Lifestyles -Behavioural Segmentation -> Based on responses -Occasions -> Occasions of use "Positive" market Segmentation -> Similar wants or needs
  • 4. Marketing Mix The marketing mix is a business tool used in marketing to determine a product or brand's offering and is often synonymous with the Four Ps:
  • 5. Product A product is seen as an item that satisfies a consumer’s needs or wants. It can be a tangible good or an intangible service. The product a business plan to supply must: - Satisfy the wants or needs of customers - Be of an appropriate design that fulfills its functions and appeal to customers
  • 6. - Branding -> Product identification by a unique name - Trade marks -> Registered symbol or a logo - Packaging -> Container or wrapping of a product - Product range -> Producing different types of product to reach different parts of market Product Differentiation
  • 8. Price is the amount that a customer pays for a product it’s of utmost importance as it determines the company's profit, There are different Pricing Strategies that can be adopted to sell a product
  • 9. Competitive -> Pricing based on competitors’ prices Penetration -> Pricing lower than competitors’ prices Promotional -> Pricing to attract customers away from competitors Predator -> Pricing Low enough to drive competitors out of market Cost-Plus -> Adding a percentage for profit mark up Loss leader -> Pricing less than its costs Price leader -> Pricing like how others have priced Price skimming -> Pricing high enough for new products to cover production costs Pricing Strategies
  • 10. Place Refers to providing the product at a place which is convenient for consumers to access Factors: -Legislations -Environment -Workforce -Competitors-Costs -Access to suppliers and customers -Infrastructures
  • 11. Channels of Distribution -Manufacturer -> Produces the products -Wholesaler -> Buys products in bulk from the manufacturer -Retailer -> Outlet that sells products to the customers
  • 12. Promotion Represents all methods of communication that a marketer may use to provide information to different parties about the product. Process of a successful promotion: Awareness -> Information -> Desire -> Action
  • 13. Above the line promotions-> using media to advertise product. Tv, radios, websites Below the line promotions -> Promoting product without a media. Special offers, sponsorships Public relations -> keeping the product in the public eye in ways other than promotion Types of Promotion