China Port Market Overview

CHINA
PORT MARKET
Market overview and profiles of the 30 biggest port markets

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InduStreams.com & Port-Investor.com

Total market
Overview
12,000
10,000 Market size: Throughput was
Tonnes (in millions)

8,000 10.04bn tonnes for the market in
6,000 2011 corresponding to a 56.6%
4,000 increase over 2007 and an average y-
2,000 o-y growth of 11.9% and 9.5%.
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Market segments: Based official
Tonnes 6,410 7,022 7,657 8,932 10,041
statistics (2011) about 73% was dry
non-container cargo, 18% container
and 9% liquid bulk related.

9% Market drivers: The market drivers
18% Container differ greatly from segment to
segment, each will be covered in the
Dry non-container
cargo following slides.
Liquid bulk
73%


Container segment
Overview
180,000
160,000
Market size: Throughput was 164mn
TEU (in thousands)

140,000
120,000 TEU for the container segment in
100,000
80,000
2011 corresponding to a 43.9%
60,000 increase over 2007 and an average y-
40,000
o-y growth of 9.5%.
20,000
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Market segments: The vast majority
TEU 114,00 128,00 122,00 146,00 164,00
of the cargo was from sea ports and
only a smaller part from river ports.
Other relevant segmentations include
transshipment versus gate way cargo
11% and domestic versus international.

River ports
Market drivers: This segment has
Sea ports
over the last many years materially
been driven by the exporting
89% sectors, but for some areas local
consumption and imports are starting
to have an impact.


Dry non-container cargo segment
Overview
8,000.0
7,000.0
Market size: Throughput was 7.36bn

6,000.0
5,000.0 tonnes for the dry non-container
4,000.0 segment in 2011 corresponding to a
3,000.0 57.1% increase over 2007 and an
2,000.0
1,000.0
average y-o-y growth of 12.0%.
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Market segments: Dry bulk
Throughput 4,681. 5,084. 5,695. 6,546. 7,356.
represents the vast majority of this
segment with break/bulk and general
cargo and roll on roll of cargo only
combined 20%.
14%
Dry bulk Market drivers: Generally speaking
6%
this segment is primarily import
Ro/Ro
driven. Further as iron ore and coal
Break bulk/general are the biggest dry bulk cargoes and
80% cargo this segment is to a high degree
driven by energy consumption and
the construction industry.


Liquid-bulk segment
Overview
1,000.0


800.0

600.0
tonnes for the liquid-bulk segment in
2011 corresponding to a 43.7%
400.0
increase over 2007 and an average y-
200.0 o-y growth of 9.5%.
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Market segments: Crude oil
Throughput 634.0 658.0 742.0 854.0 911.0
represents more than half of this
segment. The remainder is
represented by petrochemical related
products, chemicals and others.

Market drivers: Given the high
Crude oil
45% degree of oil and oil related products
Product, chemical
this segment is primarily driven by
55%
and other domestic consumption of such.
However the strategic oil reserves
being built in China also play a
significant role.


The biggest port markets (1-15)

Notes: Total throughput is in million tonnes. Containers (TEU) are in thousands. The percentage for 2011/07 indicates the growth
from 2007 to 2011 and the CAGR is the average y-o-y growth for the same period.


The biggest port markets (16-30)

Notes: Total throughput is in million tonnes. Containers (TEU) are in thousands. The percentage for 2011/07 indicates the growth
from 2007 to 2011 and the CAGR is the average y-o-y growth for the same period. N/A indicates that there is either no significant
container market or that there only in the last years of the period have been seen some container volume.


APPENDIX
MARKET PROFILES FOR THE 30 BIGGEST PORTS


Shanghai Port Market (1)
Overview
800.0
700.0
Market size: Total market throughput was

600.0
730mn tonnes and for containers 31.8mn
500.0
400.0
TEU in 2011 giving an increase of 30.4%
300.0 and 21.8% over 2007 and an average y-o-y
200.0 growth of 6.9% and 5.0% respectively.
100.0
- Cargo segments: Based official statistics
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
(2010) and own estimates about 52% was
Tonnes 560.0 582.0 592.0 653.0 730.0 dry bulk and general cargo, 44% container

Ownership and operation: Shanghai Port
35,000
is under the administration of the Shanghai
30,000
Port Authority and the jurisdiction of the
TEU (in thousands)

25,000
Shanghai Municipality. For the individual
20,000
terminals most are operated in joint
15,000
ventures with Shanghai International Port
10,000
Group (SSE:600018).
5,000
- Reference: Main sources include
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TEU
www.moc.gov.cn and the China Ports Year
26,150 27,980 25,002 29,069 31,839
Book.


Tianjin Port Market (2)
Overview
500.0
Market size: Throughput was 452mn tonnes

400.0
for the total market and 11.5mn TEU for
300.0 container in 2011. This corresponds to a
200.0 46.3% and 61.9% increase over 2007
respectively and and average y-o-y growth of
100.0 10.0% and 12.8%.
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Cargo segments: Based official statistics
Tonnes 309.0 354.0 380.0 408.0 452.0 (2010) and own estimates about 58% was dry
bulk and general cargo, 26% container and
15% liquid bulk related.

14,000 Admin and operation: Tianjin Port is under
12,000 the administration of the Tianjin Port
TEU (in thousands)

10,000 Authority and the jurisdiction of the Tianjin
8,000 Municipality. For the individual terminals
6,000 most are operated in joint ventures with the
4,000 Tianjin Port Group or the Tianjin Port
2,000
Development Company (HKG:3382).
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Reference: Main sources include
TEU 7,103 8,500 8,700 10,800 11,500 www.moc.gov.cn and the China Ports Year
Book.


Guangzhou Port Market (3)
Overview
500.0

400.0
200.0 31.8% and a 53.8% increase over 2007
100.0 7.1% and 11.4%.
0.0

16,000 Ownership and operation: Guangzhou Port is
14,000 under the administration of the Guangzhou
TEU (in thousands)

12,000 Port Authority and the jurisdiction of the
10,000 Guangdong Province. For the individual
8,000 terminals most are operated in joint ventures
6,000 with the Guangzhou Port Group.
4,000
2,000
Reference: Main sources include
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 www.moc.gov.cn and the China Ports Year
TEU 9,360 11,001 11,190 12,526 14,400
Book.


Ningbo Port Market (4)
Overview
500.0

400.0
100.0 5.7% and 12.4%.
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Cargo segments: Based official statistics and
Tonnes 345.0 362.0 383.8 412.0 430.0 own estimates (2010) about 49% was dry

16,000 Ownership and operation: Ningbo Port is
14,000 under the administration of the Ningbo Port
TEU (in thousands)

12,000 Authority and jurisdiction of the Zhejiang
10,000 Province. For the individual terminals most
8,000 are operated in joint ventures with the
6,000 Ningbo Port Company (SSE:601018).
4,000
2,000
-
TEU 9,200 11,226 10,503 13,144 14,690
Book. The data and comments do not cover
Zhoushan Port.


Suzhou Port Market (5)
Overview
400.0
350.0 Market size: Throughput was 380.0mn tonnes

300.0 for the total market and 4.7mn TEU for
250.0 container in 2011. This corresponds to a 106.8%
200.0 and 147.9% increase over 2007 respectively and
150.0 and average y-o-y growth of 19.9% and 25.5%.
100.0
50.0 Cargo segments: Based official statistics and
- own estimates (2010) about 88% was dry bulk
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
and general cargo, 11% container and 1% liquid
Tonnes 183.8 203.5 246.3 328.8 380.0
bulk related.

Ownership and operation: Suzhou Port is under
the administration of the Suzhou Port Authority
5,000
and under the jurisdiction of the Jiangsu
Province (it is a combination of Zhangjiagang
TEU (in thousands)

4,000
port, Taicang port and Changshu port). For
3,000 individual terminals some are operated in joint
2,000 ventures with the respective Zhangjiagang and
Changshu Port Groups and Taicang port
1,000 company, some are purely private.
-
TEU 1,896 2,570 2,718 3,644 4,700
Book.


Qingdao Port Market (6)
Overview
400.0
350.0

300.0
tonnes for the total market and 13.0mn
250.0
200.0
TEU for container in 2011. This corresponds
150.0
to a 41.5% and 37.6% increase over 2007
100.0 respectively and and average y-o-y growth
50.0 of 9.1% and 8.3%.
0.0
Tonnes 265.0 300.0 315.5 350.1 375.0 (2010) and own estimates about 47% was
dry bulk and general cargo, 34% container
14,000
Ownership and operation: Qingdao Port is
12,000
under the administration of the Qingdao
TEU (in thousands)

10,000
Port Authority and the jurisdiction of the
8,000
Shandong Province. For the individual
6,000
terminals most are operated in joint
4,000 ventures with the Qingdao Port Group.
2,000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TEU 9,462 10,320 10,260 12,010 13,020
Book.


Dalian Port Market (7)
Overview
400.0
350.0
Market size: Throughput was 338.7mn

300.0
tonnes for the total market and 6.4mn TEU
250.0
for container in 2011. This corresponds to a
200.0
54.0% and 67.8% increase over 2007
150.0
100.0
50.0
11.4% and 13.8%.
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Cargo segments: Based on official statistics

7,000 Ownership and operation: Dalian Port is
6,000 under the administration of the Dalian Port
TEU (in thousands)

5,000 Authority and the jurisdiction of the Liaoning
4,000 Province. For the individual terminals most
3,000 are operated in joint ventures with the Dalian
2,000
Port Group or the Dalian Port (PDA) Company
(HKG:2880).
1,000
-
TEU 3,813 4,503 4,552 5,242 6,400
Book.


Tangshan Port Market (8)
Overview
350.0
300.0 Market size: Throughput was 317.0mn

250.0 tonnes for the total market and 0.34mn TEU
200.0 for container in 2011. This corresponds to a
150.0 369% and 76.2% increase over 2007
100.0 respectively and an average y-o-y growth of
50.0 47.2% and 15.2%.
-
bulk and general cargo, 1% container and 3%
liquid bulk related.

400 Ownership and operation: Tangshan Port is
350 under the administration of the Tangshan
TEU (in thousands)

300 Port Authority and under the jurisdiction of
250 the Hebei Province, it includes the Jingtang
200 and Caofeidian port areas. For the individual
150
terminals most are operated in joint ventures
100
with the Tangshan Port Group (SSE: 601000).
50
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 References: Main sources include
TEU 193 240 241 277 340 www.moc.gov.cn and the China Ports Year
Book.


Qinhuangdao Port Market (9)
Overview
290.0
280.0 Market size: Throughput was 280mn tonnes

container in 2011. This corresponds to a
260.0
240.0 3.0% and 9.4%.
230.0

500 Ownership and operation: Qinhuangdao Port
is under the administration of the
TEU (in thousands)

400
Qinhuangdao Port Authority and under the
300 jurisdiction of the Hebei Province. For the
individual terminals some are operated in
200
joint ventures with the Hebei Port Group
100 some purely private.
-
Book.


Hong Kong Port Market (10)
Overview
290.0
280.0 Market size: Total market throughput was

270.0 277.4mn tonnes and 24.4mn TEU for
260.0 containers in 2011 giving an increase of
250.0 13.0% and 1.6% over 2007 respectively and
240.0 an average y-o-y growth of 3.1% and 0.4%.
230.0
220.0 Cargo segments: As per report from 2010
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
75.2% of total cargo throughput was
Tonnes 245.4 259.4 243.0 267.8 277.4 containerized 12.2% liquid bulk, 7.3% dry
bulk and 5.3% break bulk.

Ownership and operation: The port
25,000
administration is carried out by the Hong
24,000
Kong Marine Department whereas the
TEU (in thousands)

23,000 individual terminal companies are privately
22,000 operated. Hong Kong Port is under the
21,000 jurisdiction of the Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region.
20,000
19,000 Reference: Main data sources were
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TEU
www.statistics.gov.hk and
23,998 24,494 21,040 23,699 24,384
www.mardep.gov.hk.


Yingkou Port Market (11)
Overview
300.0

150.0
100.0 respectively and and average y-o-y growth of
50.0 20.9% and 31.0%.
-

4,500 Ownership and operation: Yingkou Port is
4,000 under the administration of the Yingkou Port
TEU (in thousands)

3,500
Authority and under the jurisdiction of the
3,000
2,500 Liaoning Province. For the individual
1,500 with the Yingkou Port Company (SSE:600317).
1,000
500
-
TEU 1,371 2,040 2,537 3,338 4,033 Book.


Zhoushan Port Market (12)
Overview
300.0

150.0
50.0 19.4% and 26.4%.
-

250 Ownership and operation: Zhoushan Port is
under the administration of the Zhoushan
TEU (in thousands)

200
Port Authority and under the jurisdiction of
150 the Zhejiang Province. For the individual
terminals some are operated in joint ventures
100
with the Zhoushan Port Group some are
50 private.
-
Book.


Rizhao Port Market (13)
Overview
300.0

200.0 tonnes for the total market and 1.42mn
150.0
100.0
respectively and and average y-o-y growth
50.0 of 17.6% and 34.8%.
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Cargo segments: Based official statistics
1,600
1,400
Ownership and operation: Rizhao Port is
under the administration of the Rizhao Port
TEU (in thousands)

1,200
1,000 Authority and jurisdiction of the Shandong
800 Province. For the individual terminals most
600 are operated in joint ventures with the
400 Rizhao Port Company (SSE:600017).
200
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TEU
430 709 821 1,061 1,420
Book.


Shenzhen Port Market (14)
Overview
230.0

210.0 tonnes for the total market and 22.6mn
200.0 TEU for container in 2011. This
corresponds to a 12.1% and 7.0% increase
190.0
over 2007 respectively and an average y-
180.0
o-y growth of 2.9% and 1.7%.
170.0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Tonnes 199.2 211.3 193.7 221.0 223.3
and own estimates (2010) about 22% was
25,000

20,000
Admin and operation: Shenzhen is under
TEU (in thousands)

the administration of several smaller port
15,000 authoritie and for the individual terminals
10,000 most are operated in private joint
ventures.
5,000

- Notes: Main sources include
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TEU 21,099 21,400 18,250 22,510 22,570 Book.


Yantai Port Market (15)
Overview
200.0

150.0
100.0
of 15.5% and 8.1%.
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Tonnes 101.3 111.9 123.5 150.3 180.3 and own estimates (2010) about 83% was
1,800
1,600 Ownership and operation: Yantai Port is
under the administration of the Yantai Port
TEU (in thousands)

1,400
1,200 Authority and jurisdiction of the Shandong
1,000
Province. For the individual terminals most
800
600 are operated in joint ventures with the
400 Yantai Port Group or Yantai Port Company.
200
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TEU
1,250 1,532 1,401 1,541 1,708
Book.


Nantong Port Market (16)
Overview
200.0

150.0
100.0
of 8.9% and 6.0%.
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
600
Ownership and operation: Nantong Port is
500
under the administration of the Nantong
TEU (in thousands)

400 Port Authority and jurisdiction of the
300 Jiangsu Province. For the individual
200 terminals most are operated privately or in
joint venture with Nantong Port Group.
100
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TEU
428 443 351 462 540
Book.


Nanjing Port Market (17)
Overview
180.0
160.0

140.0
40.0
12.1% and 13.4%.
20.0
-

2,000 Ownership and operation: Nanjing Port is
under the administration of the Nanjing Port
TEU (in thousands)

1,500 Authority and under jurisdiction of the
Jiangsu Province. For the individual terminals
1,000 most are operated in joint ventures with the
Nanjing Port Company (SZE:002040).
500

-
TEU 1,056 1,292 1,212 1,453 1,748 Book.


Lianyungang Port Market (18)
Overview
180.0
160.0

140.0
40.0
18.2% and 24.6%.
20.0
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Cargo segments: Based on official statistics

6,000 Ownership and operation: Lianyungang Port
5,000 is under the administration of the
TEU (in thousands)

Lianyungang Port Authority and jurisdiction
4,000
of the Jiangsu Province. For the individual
2,000 with the Jiangsu Lianyungang Port Company
1,000 (SSE:601008).
-
TEU 2,003 3,001 3,021 3,870 4,822
Book.


Xiamen Port Market (19)
Overview
180.0
160.0
Market size: Throughput was 156mn tonnes for

140.0
120.0 the total market and 6.5mn TEU for container
100.0 in 2011. This corresponds to a 92.2% and 39.6%
80.0 increase over 2007 respectively and and
60.0 average y-o-y growth of 17.7% and 8.7%.
40.0
20.0 Cargo segments: Based official statistics (2010)
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 and own estimates about 56% was dry bulk and
Tonnes
general cargo, 42% container and 2% liquid
81.2 97.0 111.0 139.0 156.0
bulk related.

Ownership and operation: Xiamen Port is
under the administration of the Xiamen Port
7,000
Authority and jurisdiction of the Fujian
6,000
Province. The individual terminals most are
TEU (in thousands)

5,000 operated in joint ventures with the Xiamen Port
4,000 Group , the Xiamen International Port Company
3,000 (HKG:3378) or the Xiamen Port Development
2,000 Company (SZE:000905).
1,000
TEU 4,627 5,035 4,680 5,824 6,461 Book.


Huzhou Port Market (20)
Overview
160.0
140.0

120.0
tonnes for the total market in 2011. This
100.0
80.0
corresponds to a substantial increase over
60.0 2007, however the port administrative
40.0 scope was enlarged in 2008 and the market
20.0 as such has actually seen a slight decline
- since consolidation rather than an increase.
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Tonnes 42.0 143.0 149.5 143.6 138.8 Cargo segments: Based official statistics
and own estimates (2010) close to 100%
was dry bulk and general cargo.

Ownership and operation: Huzhou Port is
under the administration of the Huzhou
the Zhejiang Province. For the individual
NO MATERIAL terminals most are private operated.
CONTAINER VOLUME
Book.


Jiangyin Port Market (21)
Overview
140.0

20.0 15.6% and 38.1%.
-

1,200 Ownership and operation: Jiangyin Port is
1,000 under the administration of the Jiangyin Port
TEU (in thousands)

Authority and under the jurisdiction of the
800
Jiangsu Province. For the individual terminals
600 some are operated in joint ventures with the
400 Jiangyin Port Group some private.
200
-
TEU 307 502 752 1,011 1,116 Book.


Taizhou Port Market (22)
Overview
140.0

20.0 47.8% and 14.5%.
-

140 Ownership and operation: Taizhou Port is
120 under the administration of the Taizhou Port
TEU (in thousands)

100 Authority and the jurisdiction of the Jiangsu
80 Province. The individual terminals some are
60 operated in joint ventures with the Taizhou
40 Port Group some entirely private.
20
-
TEU 70 70 83 100 120 Book.


Zhenjiang Port Market (23)
Overview
140.0

20.0 10.8% and 5.3%.
-

400 Ownership and operation: Zhenjiang Port is
350 under the administration of the Zhenjiang
TEU (in thousands)

300 Port Authority and under the jurisdiction of
250 the Jiangsu Province. For the individual
200 terminals some are operated in joint ventures
150
with the Zhenjiang Port Group some private.
100
50
-
TEU 286 292 281 303 352 Book.


Chongqing Port Market (24)
Overview
120.0

60.0
20.0 27.7% and 12.2%.
-

800 Ownership and operation: Chongqing Port is
700 under the administration of the Chongqing
TEU (in thousands)

600 Port Authority and jurisdiction of the
500 Chongqing Municipality. For the individual
400 terminals most are operated in joint ventures
300
with the Chongqing Port Logistics Group or
200
Chongqing Gangjiu Company (SSE:600279).
100
-
Book.


Huanghua Port Market (25)
Overview
120.0

80.0 for the total market and no material
container traffic. This corresponds to a 33.7%
60.0
increase over 2007 for total throughput and
40.0 an average y-o-y growth of 7.5% .
20.0
- Cargo segments: Based official statistics and
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 own estimates (2010) about 99% was dry
Tonnes 83.3 79.8 83.7 94.4 111.5 bulk and general cargo. Less than 1% are
container and liquid bulk related.

Ownership and operation: Huanghua Port is
under the administration of the Hebei
Cangzhou Port Authority and under the
jurisdiction of the Hebei Province. For the
individual terminals some are operated under
NO MATERIAL Hebei Port Group some are operated by
Shenhua, one of China's largest coal
CONTAINER VOLUME
producers.

Book.


Jiaxing Port Market (26)
Overview
120.0

container in 2011. This corresponds to a
60.0
30.9% increase over 2007 for total
40.0 throughput and an average y-o-y growth of
20.0 7% .
-
bulk and general cargo. Less than 1% are
container and liquid bulk related.

70 Ownership and operation: Jiaxing River Port
60 is a combination of 25 river ports in Jiaxing
TEU (in thousands)

50 prefecture. It is under the administration of
40 the Jiaxing Port Authority and under the
30 jurisdiction of the Zhejiang Province. For the
20 individual terminals most are private.
10
-
2007 2008 2009 2010 www.moc.gov.cn and the China Ports Year
TEU - - 2 60 Book.


Fangcheng Port Market (27)
Overview
100.0
Market size: Throughput was 93.4mn tonnes

80.0
40.0 208% and 53.2% increase over 2007
respectively and an average y-o-y growth of
20.0 32.5% and 11.2%.
-
bulk and general cargo, 3.3% container and

300 Ownership and operation: Fangcheng Port is
250 under the administration of the Fangcheng
TEU (in thousands)

Port Authority and and under the jurisdiction
200
of the Guangxi Province. For the individual
150 terminals most are operated in joint ventures
100 with the Fangcheng Port Group or Beibu Gulf
50 Port Group.
-
Book.


Quanzhou Port Market (28)
Overview
100.0
Market size: Throughput was 93.3mn tonnes

80.0
respectively and an average y-o-y growth of
20.0 10.7% and 11.4%.
-

1,800 Ownership and operation: Quanzhou Port is
1,600 under the administration of the Quanzhou
TEU (in thousands)

1,400
1,200
1,000 the Fujian Province. For the individual
800 terminals some are operated in joint ventures
600 with the Quanzhou Port Group some private.
400
200
-
TEU 1,019 1,207 1,250 1,370 1,568 Book.


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