2. OUTLINE
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Introduction
Combining optical transparency with electrical conductivity
Burstein-moss(BM) shift
Schematic band structure of TCO host
Factors causing adverse effect
Electrical properties of TCO
Octahedral coordination of oxygen atoms by cations
Carrier generation in TCO
Transparent electronic devices
Passive, linear devices
Transparent thin-film transistor(TTFT)
Applications
Future scope
Conclusion
References

3. INTRODUCTION
• INVISIBLE ELECTRONICS
• TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDE (TCO)
 (In2O3, SnO2, CdO, ZnO )
• DRAMATICAL CHANGE IN THE LOOK AND USE
 OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES

4. COMBINING OPTICAL
TRANSPARENCY WITH ELECTRICAL
CONDUCTIVITY
• DEGENERATE DOPING
• BURSTEIN - MOSS(BM) SHIFT

5. BURSTEIN-MOSS(BM) SHIFT

6. SCHEMATIC BAND STRUCTURE OF
TCO HOST

7. FACTORS CAUSING ADVERSE
EFFECT
 INTER-BAND AND INTRA- BAND
TRANSITIONS
 PLASMA OSCILLATIONS
 IONIZED IMPURITY SCATTERING

8. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF
TCO
•SIMILAR CHEMICAL, STRUCTURAL AND
ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES
•POST TRANSITION METALS
• INTERACTION BETWEEN THE S ORBIT OF
METALS AND P ORBIT OF OXYGEN

9. OCTAHEDRAL COORDINATION OF
OXYGEN ATOMS BY CATIONS

10. CARRIER GENERATION IN
TCO
TWO METHODS:-
 SUBSTITUTIONAL DOPING
 OXYGEN REDUCTION

11. SUBSTITUTIONAL DOPING
 DOPING WITH ALIOVALENT IONS
 DOPING WITH GROUP III, IV AND VII
ELEMENTS
 ELECTRON VELOCITY AND DENSITY AT
FERMI LEVEL RESULT IN THE TREND
In>Y>Sc>Ga

12. OXYGEN REDUCTION
 REMOVAL OF OXYGEN ATOM FROM A
METAL OXIDE
 RELATIVELY UNIFORM CHARGE DENSITIES
 FORMATION OF F-CENTER IN LIGHT METAL
OXIDES

13. TRANSPARENT ELECTRONIC
DEVICES
 SELECTION, DESIGN, SIMULATION,
FABRICATION, INTEGRATION,
CHARACTERIZATION AND OPTIMIZATION
 PASSIVE, LINEAR DEVICES
 TWO TERMINAL ELECTRONIC DEVICES
 TRANSPARNT THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS
(TTFTs)

14. PASSIVE, LINEAR DEVICES
TRANSPARENT THIN FILMRESISTORS

15. TRANSPARENT THIN FILM CAPACITORS
TTFI(INDUCTOR)

16. TRANSPARENT THIN-FILM
TRANSISTORS (TTFTs)

17. APPLICATIONS
MOBILE PHONES
TRANSPARENT
WASHER
LAPTOPS
TRANSPARENT
CONDUCTORS
SOLAR PANELS

18. FUTURE SCOPE
 SOLAR WINDOWS
 IMPROVING STABILITY OF TRANSPARENT
SOLAR CELLS
 TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES

19. CONCLUSION AND REMARKS
 GREAT IMPACT ON HUMAN MACHINE
INTERACTION
 LEAD TO NEW APPLICATIONS
 CAUSE ENVIORNMENTAL CHALLENGES AS
CURRENTLY USING EC DEVICE