The document provides an overview of PHP objects and functions for beginners. It discusses static methods, public methods, protected methods, private methods, and anonymous functions. Examples are given for each concept to demonstrate how to define them and call them. The document concludes by challenging readers to create a class with a static protected method containing an anonymous function.

1. PHP Basic Part 2
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2. Overview
Objective
For beginners to further their knowledge of PHP by
providing a greater understanding of objects and
functions.
Requirements
 Understanding of variables, methods and classes
Estimated Time
8 minutes
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3. Follow Along With A Code
Example
1. Download a copy of the example code at
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2. Install the system in an environment you feel
comfortable testing in.
3. Proceed to examples/basics/PHP_Basics.php
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4. Concepts Covered
 Static Methods
 Public Methods
 Protected Methods
 Private Methods
 Anonymous Functions
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5. Static Methods
So you’ve come to the point after PHP Basics Part 1, that you are
ready to dive a little deeper. Who am I to hold you back?
If you remember from part 1, we worked with objects with methods.
Now we are going to work with objects that have static methods.
What is a static method?
A static method is a method that can be called without instantiating
the object. Simply put, we can access the method without using
‘new Object()’. Static methods are accessed by using this syntax:
‘class_name ::method_name’ .
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6. Static Method Example
1. Define a method as Static
Creating A Static Method
Executing A Static Method
2. Use the ‘::’ to call/execute the method

7. Public Methods
In our last slide we created a method and also declared it
as public. A method that is ‘public’ means that any other
user outside the object can call the function. Here is the
code again on declaring a static method.
Sets the method as public

8. Protected Methods
Next up, protected methods. These methods differ from
public methods in that only another method inside the
current object can call this method. Protected methods
can also be called by children classes when they are
extended. We will get into extending a class into a minute.
Sets the method as protected

9. Private Methods
And finally we get to private methods. Private methods
are like protected methods in that only another method
inside the class can call it. But they differ from protected
methods in that they cannot to be extended.
Sets the method as private

10. Our Class
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11. Extending A Class
So far it’s been mentioned twice about extending a class.
What does this mean?
Extending a class mean that you can create another class
and give all the public and protected properties of one
class to another class. Private methods CANNOT be
given to another class.
So we have the class ParentObject. Let us give(extend)
it’s methods to another class.
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12. Extending ParentObject
Calls the protected function of ParentObject
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13. Anonymous Functions
Finally for this tutorial we have anonymous functions,
which are also known as closures.
These are functions that be created on the fly and do not
have to be actually declared until needed. Anonymous
functions can also be stored in a variable, which can be
stored in an array and passed to functions and methods.
Let’s create a simple closure.
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14. Creating and Storing Closure
1. Assign the function to a variable
2. Calls the function through the variable
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15. Challenge!
To better understand the concepts presented, an optional
challenge is being presented.
Your challenge for this tutorial is to create a class that has
a static protected method. That static method will have an
anonymous function that adds two variables and returns
the value of the variables added.
Extended that class to another and through a public
method, call the protected one.
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16. Review
1. Static methods are accessed with ‘::’ operator.
2. Objects do not have to be instantiated to use a static
method.
3. Public methods are accessible by everyone.
4. Protected methods are also accessible to other methods
within the object and children classes.
5. Private methods are only accessible to methods within the
current class.
6. Closures/Anonymous Functions can be assigned to a
variable.
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17. More Tutorials
For more tutorials, please visit:
http://www.prodigyview.com/tutorials
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