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Homeostasis (homeo = stable)
Key Points
• Our internal states are constantly
  being disturbed & corrected
• Specifically homeostasis involves
  continual regulation of vital body
  functions such as body temp, oxygen
  levels, blood-glucose levels, water
  content, ion content, etc to a level of
  balance
• So the body takes corrective action
  e.g.. sweating to cool skin, shivering to
  warm the body
• But the regulation of the body occurs        Note: Body
  by a single point e.g. via alternation of
  blood oxygen levels (only)                  temperature
• The body can only cope with minor           can only vary
  variations i.e. it must operate within        by 5-6%
  set limits in order to survive
Allostasis (Allo = variable; stasis = stand)
Key Points
• Achieves physiological or
  psychological stability through
  behavioral or physiological change
• Thus the body can meet and copy
  with internal/ external demands
• brain tells the body to maintain
  physiological stability by adapting to
  changes caused by stressor e.g.
  increase in HR – to enable our body
  to exercise (without the muscles
  being deprived of level of blood
  required for exertion)
• Via the allostatic systems e.g.
  Autonomic.N.S, HPA axis, immune
  system, cardiovascular system, etc
Allostasis
• Thus is a more dynamic & adaptive process (than homeostasis)
• E.g. if dehydrated, sweat levels, kidneys, mucous membrane, eyes &
  nose all reduce output
• Key point: the body can cope with large changes in response to
  changing conditions via both internal & external demands
• So our body can function efficiently during variable states such as
  sleep/ exercise; quiet/ loud; hot/ cold; hunger/ full; isolation/
  crowds; safe/ danger – via increase/ decrease in HR/ Blood
  pressure/ Respiration rate/
                                              Note: Heart rate can
                                              increase by 250% for
                                               an adolescent (from
                                               a relaxed state to a
                                                   state of high
                                                physical exertion
Allostatic response
Allostatic Response
• Increases arousal in response to a stress – via HPA axis &
  sympathetic.N.S (thus is good in the short term)

                  Allostatic response involves:
        Increase in Physiological arousal to deal with stressor
                      i.e. activation of HPA axis




     When the stressor has been successfully dealt with:
       The Brain switches off the allostatic response to reduce
                    the wear & tear on the body
Allostatic load
Allostatic Load (think of it as
   overLOAD)
• Allostatic load refers to the              Genetics
   cumulative cost to the body of
   allostasis
• Excessive energy consumption Context
   during high stress times
• Can diminish effectiveness of
   Allostatic response
• Thus potentially triggering
   physiological/ psychological
   disorders
• Thus the brains appraisal of the
   stressor plays a major role in the
   body’s response                       Appraisal –
• As influenced by the                    based on
   biopsychosocial model                 experience

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Allostasis

  • 1. Homeostasis (homeo = stable) Key Points • Our internal states are constantly being disturbed & corrected • Specifically homeostasis involves continual regulation of vital body functions such as body temp, oxygen levels, blood-glucose levels, water content, ion content, etc to a level of balance • So the body takes corrective action e.g.. sweating to cool skin, shivering to warm the body • But the regulation of the body occurs Note: Body by a single point e.g. via alternation of blood oxygen levels (only) temperature • The body can only cope with minor can only vary variations i.e. it must operate within by 5-6% set limits in order to survive
  • 2. Allostasis (Allo = variable; stasis = stand) Key Points • Achieves physiological or psychological stability through behavioral or physiological change • Thus the body can meet and copy with internal/ external demands • brain tells the body to maintain physiological stability by adapting to changes caused by stressor e.g. increase in HR – to enable our body to exercise (without the muscles being deprived of level of blood required for exertion) • Via the allostatic systems e.g. Autonomic.N.S, HPA axis, immune system, cardiovascular system, etc
  • 3. Allostasis • Thus is a more dynamic & adaptive process (than homeostasis) • E.g. if dehydrated, sweat levels, kidneys, mucous membrane, eyes & nose all reduce output • Key point: the body can cope with large changes in response to changing conditions via both internal & external demands • So our body can function efficiently during variable states such as sleep/ exercise; quiet/ loud; hot/ cold; hunger/ full; isolation/ crowds; safe/ danger – via increase/ decrease in HR/ Blood pressure/ Respiration rate/ Note: Heart rate can increase by 250% for an adolescent (from a relaxed state to a state of high physical exertion
  • 4. Allostatic response Allostatic Response • Increases arousal in response to a stress – via HPA axis & sympathetic.N.S (thus is good in the short term) Allostatic response involves: Increase in Physiological arousal to deal with stressor i.e. activation of HPA axis When the stressor has been successfully dealt with: The Brain switches off the allostatic response to reduce the wear & tear on the body
  • 5. Allostatic load Allostatic Load (think of it as overLOAD) • Allostatic load refers to the Genetics cumulative cost to the body of allostasis • Excessive energy consumption Context during high stress times • Can diminish effectiveness of Allostatic response • Thus potentially triggering physiological/ psychological disorders • Thus the brains appraisal of the stressor plays a major role in the body’s response Appraisal – • As influenced by the based on biopsychosocial model experience

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Homeo = similar; Allo = VariableBlood glucose levels are reduced, oxygen levels returned to level
  2. Allo: variable i.e. enables the body to meet internal & external demandsSo there is more internal variability in order to deal with changing conditions
  3. Allo: variable i.e. enables the body to meet internal & external demandsSo there is more internal variability in order to deal with changing conditions
  4. A.Response: thus we are dealing with the stressorA.Load: can result in social dysfunction i.e. consumption exceeds resourcesPhysiological disorders: cardiovascular problems, to Psych: anxiety disorders
  5. A.Response: thus we are dealing with the stressorA.Load: can result in social dysfunction i.e. consumption exceeds resourcesPhysiological disorders: cardiovascular problems, to Psych: anxiety disorders