2 building enclosures #2 (2014)

Building EnclosuresBuilding Enclosures

Purpose of the CoursePurpose of the Course
Is to aide in preparing you toIs to aide in preparing you to
become a knowledgeablebecome a knowledgeable
Professional Real EstateProfessional Real Estate
Inspector.Inspector.

OverviewOverview
 R303 - Light, Ventilation andR303 - Light, Ventilation and
HeatingHeating
• R303.1 - Habitable RoomsR303.1 - Habitable Rooms
• R303.2 - Adjoining RoomsR303.2 - Adjoining Rooms
• R303.3 - BathroomsR303.3 - Bathrooms
• R303.7 - Required Glazed OpeningsR303.7 - Required Glazed Openings
• R303.7.1 - Roofed PorchesR303.7.1 - Roofed Porches
• R303.8 – Required HeatingR303.8 – Required Heating

R302.1/T302.1 Exterior WallR302.1/T302.1 Exterior Wall
 Construction, projections, openings andConstruction, projections, openings and
penetrations of exterior walls of dwellingspenetrations of exterior walls of dwellings
and accessary buildings shall comply withand accessary buildings shall comply with
______.______.
 Projections beyond the exterior wall shallProjections beyond the exterior wall shall
not extend more than ____inches intonot extend more than ____inches into
areas where openings are prohibitedareas where openings are prohibited
 Detached garages and accessary to aDetached garages and accessary to a
dwelling located within ___feet of a lot linedwelling located within ___feet of a lot line
are permitted to have a roof eaveare permitted to have a roof eave
projections not exceeding __inches.projections not exceeding __inches.

R303.1 Habitable RoomsR303.1 Habitable Rooms
All habitable rooms shall be provided
with aggregate glazing area of not less
than ___ percent of the floor area of
such rooms. Natural ventilation shall be
through windows, doors, louvers or
other approved openings to the outdoor
air. Such openings shall be provided
with ready access or shall otherwise be
readily controllable by the building
occupants. The minimum openable area
to the outdoors shall be ___ percent of
the floor area being ventilated

ExceptionsExceptions
1. The glazed areas need not be openable
where the opening is not required by
Section R310 (emergency egress) and an
approved mechanical ventilation system is
provided capable of producing 0.35 air
change per hour in the room or a whole-
house mechanical ventilation system is
installed capable of supplying outdoor
ventilation air of 15 (cfm) per occupant
computed on the basis of two occupants
for the first bedroom and one occupant for
each additional bedroom.

R303.2 Adjoining RoomsR303.2 Adjoining Rooms
For the purpose of determining light and
ventilation requirements, any room shall
be considered as a portion of an adjoining
room when at least ____ of the area of
the common wall is open and unobstructed
and provides an opening of not less than
____ of the floor area of the interior room
but not less than 25 square feet

ExceptionException
Openings required for light and/or
ventilation shall be permitted to open into
a thermally isolated sunroom addition or
patio cover, provided that there is an
openable area between the adjoining room
and the sunroom addition or patio cover of
not less than _____ -______ of the floor
area of the interior room but not less than
____square feet. The minimum openable
area to the outdoors shall be based upon
the total floor area being ventilated.

R303.3 BathroomsR303.3 Bathrooms
Bathrooms, water closet compartments
and other similar rooms shall be provided
with aggregate glazing area in windows of
not less than ___ square feet, ___ of
which must be openable

ExceptionException
The glazed areas shall not be required
where artificial light and a mechanical
ventilation system are provided. The
minimum ventilation rates shall be __ cfm
for intermittent ventilation or __ cfm for
continuous ventilation. Ventilation air from
the space shall be exhausted directly to
the outside.

R303.7 Required GlazedR303.7 Required Glazed
OpeningsOpenings
Required glazed openings shall open
directly onto a street or public alley, or
a yard or court located on the same lot
as the building.

R303.7.1 Roofed porches
Required glazed openings may face into a
roofed porch where the porch abuts a
street, yard or court and the longer side of
the porch is at least 65 percent open and
unobstructed and the ceiling height is not
less than 7 feet.

R303.8 Required HeatingR303.8 Required Heating
When the winter design temperature in
Table R301.2(1) is below 60°F (16°C),
every dwelling unit shall be provided with
heating facilities capable of maintaining a
minimum room temperature of ___°F
(20°C) at a point ___ feet above the floor
and ___ feet from exterior walls in all
habitable rooms at the design
temperature. The installation of one or
more portable space heaters shall not be
used to achieve compliance with this
section.

OverviewOverview
 R308 - GlazingR308 - Glazing
• R308.1 - IdentificationR308.1 - Identification
• R308.1.1 – Identification of multipleR308.1.1 – Identification of multiple
assembliesassemblies
• R308.2 - Louvered windows andR308.2 - Louvered windows and
jalousiesjalousies
• R308.2.1 – Wired glass prohibitedR308.2.1 – Wired glass prohibited
• R308.3 – Human impact loadsR308.3 – Human impact loads
• R308.4 – Hazardous locationsR308.4 – Hazardous locations

ExceptionsExceptions
1. For other than tempered glass, labels
may be omitted provided the building
official approves the use of a certificate,
affidavit or other evidence confirming
compliance with this code.
2. Tempered spandrel glass may be
identified by the manufacturer with a
removable paper label.

R308.1.1 Identification of multipleR308.1.1 Identification of multiple
assembliesassemblies
Multi-pane assemblies having individual
panes not exceeding 1 square foot
(0.09m2) in exposed area shall have at
least one pane in the assembly identified
in accordance with Section R308.1. All
other panes in the assembly shall be
labeled “16 CFR 1201.”

R308.3 Human Impact LoadsR308.3 Human Impact Loads
Individual glazed areas including glass
mirrors in hazardous locations such as
those indicated as defined in Section
R308.4 shall pass the test requirements of
CPSC 16 CFR, Part 1201. Glazing shall
comply with the CPSC 16 CFR, Part 1201
criteria for Category I or Category II as
indicated in Table R308.3.

R308.4 Hazardous LocationsR308.4 Hazardous Locations
1) Glazing in swinging doors except
jalousies.
2) Glazing in fixed and sliding panels of
sliding door assemblies and panels in
sliding and bifold closet door assemblies.
3) Glazing in storm doors.
4) Glazing in all unframed swinging doors.
5) Glazing in doors and enclosures for hot
tubs, whirlpools, saunas, steam rooms,
bathtubs and showers. Glazing in any part
of a building wall enclosing these
compartments where the bottom exposed
edge of the glazing is less than 60 inches
(1524 mm) measured vertically above any
standing or walking surface.

6) Glazing, in an individual fixed or operable
panel adjacent to a door where the
nearest vertical edge is within a 24-inch
arc of the door in a closed position and
whose bottom edge is less than 60
inches above the floor or walking
surface.

7) Glazing, in an individual fixed or operable
panel that meets all of the following
conditions:
1) The pane is greater than ___ sf
2) Bottom edge less than ___ in above floor
3) Top edge greater than ___ in above floor
4) One or more walking surfaces within ___
inches horizontally of the glazing

8) All glazing in railings regardless of an
area or height above a walking surface.
Included are structural baluster panels
and nonstructural infill panels.
9) Glazing in walls and fences enclosing
indoor and outdoor swimming pools, hot
tubs and spas where the bottom edge of
the glazing is less than __ inches above
a walking surface and within __ inches
horizontally of the water's edge. This
shall apply to single glazing and all panes
in multiple glazing.

10) Glazing adjacent to stairways, landings
and ramps within ___ inches horizontally
of a walking surface when the exposed
surface of the glass is less than ___
inches above the plane of the adjacent
walking surface.
11) Glazing adjacent to stairways within ___
inches horizontally of the bottom tread of
a stairway in any direction when the
exposed surface of the glass is less than
___ inches above the nose of the tread.
1) See exceptions under R308.4.11

R309.2 Detached GarageR309.2 Detached Garage
 Interior walls of a detached garageInterior walls of a detached garage
should have a min. ____in gypboardshould have a min. ____in gypboard
if the wall is within __ft. of the houseif the wall is within __ft. of the house

OverviewOverview
 R310 – Emergency Escape & RescueR310 – Emergency Escape & Rescue
OpeningsOpenings
• R310.1 – Emergency Escape & RescueR310.1 – Emergency Escape & Rescue
OpeningsOpenings
• R310.1.1 – Minimum opening areaR310.1.1 – Minimum opening area
• R310.1.2 – Minimum opening heightR310.1.2 – Minimum opening height
• R310.1.3 – Minimum opening widthR310.1.3 – Minimum opening width
• R310.1.4 – Operational ConstraintsR310.1.4 – Operational Constraints
• R310.2 – Window WellsR310.2 – Window Wells
• R310.2.1 – Ladder and stepsR310.2.1 – Ladder and steps
• R310.3 – Bulkhead enclosuresR310.3 – Bulkhead enclosures
• R310.4 – Bars, grills, covers, and screensR310.4 – Bars, grills, covers, and screens

R310.1 – Emergency Escape &R310.1 – Emergency Escape &
Rescue OpeningsRescue Openings
Basements with habitable space and everyBasements with habitable space and every
sleeping room shall have at least onesleeping room shall have at least one
openable emergency escape and rescueopenable emergency escape and rescue
opening. Where basements contain one oropening. Where basements contain one or
more sleeping rooms, emergency egressmore sleeping rooms, emergency egress
and rescue openings shall be required inand rescue openings shall be required in
each sleeping room, but shall not beeach sleeping room, but shall not be
required in adjoining areas of therequired in adjoining areas of the
basement. Where emergency escape andbasement. Where emergency escape and
rescue openings are provided they shallrescue openings are provided they shall
have a sill height of not more than 44have a sill height of not more than 44
inches above the floor.inches above the floor.

310.1.1 Minimum opening area.310.1.1 Minimum opening area.
All emergency escape and rescue openings shallAll emergency escape and rescue openings shall
have a minimum clear opening of ___ sf.have a minimum clear opening of ___ sf.
Exception: Grade floor openings shall have aException: Grade floor openings shall have a
minimum net clear opening of ___ sf.minimum net clear opening of ___ sf.
310.1.2 Minimum opening height.310.1.2 Minimum opening height.
The minimum net clear opening height shall beThe minimum net clear opening height shall be
___ inches___ inches

310.1.3 Minimum opening width.310.1.3 Minimum opening width.
The minimum net clear opening width shall beThe minimum net clear opening width shall be
___ inches.___ inches.
310.1.4 Operational constraints.310.1.4 Operational constraints.
Emergency escape and rescue openings shall beEmergency escape and rescue openings shall be
operational from the inside of the room withoutoperational from the inside of the room without
the use of _______ or _______.the use of _______ or _______.

R310.2R310.2 Window WellsWindow Wells
310.2 Window wells.310.2 Window wells.
The minimum horizontal area of theThe minimum horizontal area of the
window well shall be 9 square feet, with awindow well shall be 9 square feet, with a
minimum horizontal projection and widthminimum horizontal projection and width
of 36 inches. The area of the window wellof 36 inches. The area of the window well
shall allow the emergency escape andshall allow the emergency escape and
rescue opening to be fully opened.rescue opening to be fully opened.
Exception: The ladder or steps required byException: The ladder or steps required by
Section R310.2.1 shall be permitted toSection R310.2.1 shall be permitted to
encroach a maximum of 6 inches into theencroach a maximum of 6 inches into the
required dimensions of the window well.required dimensions of the window well.

OverviewOverview
 R311 – Means of EgressR311 – Means of Egress
• R311.1 – GeneralR311.1 – General
• R311.2 – ConstructionR311.2 – Construction
• R311.2.1 – AttachmentR311.2.1 – Attachment
• R311.2.2 – Under Stair ProtectionR311.2.2 – Under Stair Protection
• R311.3 – HallwaysR311.3 – Hallways
• R311.4 – DoorsR311.4 – Doors
• R311.4.1 – Exit Door RequiredR311.4.1 – Exit Door Required
• R311.4.2 – Door Type & SizeR311.4.2 – Door Type & Size
• R311.4.3 – Landings at DoorsR311.4.3 – Landings at Doors
• R311.4.4 – Type of Lock or LatchR311.4.4 – Type of Lock or Latch

R311 Means of EgressR311 Means of Egress
311.1 General311.1 General
Stairways, ramps, exterior exit balconies,Stairways, ramps, exterior exit balconies,
hallways and doors shall comply with this section.hallways and doors shall comply with this section.
311.2 Construction311.2 Construction
311.2.1 Attachment311.2.1 Attachment
Required exterior exit balconies, stairs andRequired exterior exit balconies, stairs and
similar exit facilities shall be positivelysimilar exit facilities shall be positively
anchored to the primary structure to resistanchored to the primary structure to resist bothboth
vertical and lateral forces. Suchvertical and lateral forces. Such attachment shallattachment shall
not be accomplished by usenot be accomplished by use of toenails orof toenails or
nails subject to withdrawal.nails subject to withdrawal.

311.2.2 Under stair protection.311.2.2 Under stair protection.
Enclosed accessible space under stairs shall haveEnclosed accessible space under stairs shall have
walls, under stair surface and any soffitswalls, under stair surface and any soffits
protected on the enclosed side with _/_-inchprotected on the enclosed side with _/_-inch
gypsum board.gypsum board.
311.3 Hallways.311.3 Hallways.
The minimum width of a hallway shall be not lessThe minimum width of a hallway shall be not less
than ___ feet.than ___ feet.

311.4 Doors.311.4 Doors.
311.4.1 Exit door required.311.4.1 Exit door required.
Not less than one exit door conforming to thisNot less than one exit door conforming to this
section shall be provided for each dwellingsection shall be provided for each dwelling
unit. The required exit door shall provide forunit. The required exit door shall provide for
direct access from the habitable portions ofdirect access from the habitable portions of
the dwelling to the exterior without requiringthe dwelling to the exterior without requiring
travel through a garage. Access to habitabletravel through a garage. Access to habitable
levels not having an exit in accordance withlevels not having an exit in accordance with
this section shall be by a ramp in accordancethis section shall be by a ramp in accordance
with Section R311.6 or a stairway inwith Section R311.6 or a stairway in
accordance with Section R311.5.accordance with Section R311.5.

311.4.2 Door type and size.311.4.2 Door type and size.
The required exit door shall be a side hinged doorThe required exit door shall be a side hinged door
not less than ___ feet in width and ___ feet ___not less than ___ feet in width and ___ feet ___
inches in height. Other doors shall not beinches in height. Other doors shall not be
required to comply with these minimumrequired to comply with these minimum
dimensions.dimensions.
311.4.3 Landings at doors.311.4.3 Landings at doors.
There shall be a floor or landing on each side ofThere shall be a floor or landing on each side of
each exterior door.each exterior door.

R311.4.3 Exception:R311.4.3 Exception:
Where a stairway of two or fewer risers is locatedWhere a stairway of two or fewer risers is located
on the exterior side of a door, other than theon the exterior side of a door, other than the
required exit door, a landing is not required forrequired exit door, a landing is not required for
the exterior side of the door. The floor or landingthe exterior side of the door. The floor or landing
at the exit door required by Section R311.4.1at the exit door required by Section R311.4.1
shall not be more than 1.5 inches lower than theshall not be more than 1.5 inches lower than the
top of the threshold. The floor or landing attop of the threshold. The floor or landing at
exterior doors other than the exit door requiredexterior doors other than the exit door required
by Section R311.4.1 shall not be required toby Section R311.4.1 shall not be required to
comply with this requirement but shall have a risecomply with this requirement but shall have a rise
no greater than that permitted in Sectionno greater than that permitted in Section
R311.5.3.R311.5.3.

R311.4.3 Exception:R311.4.3 Exception:
The landing at an exterior doorway shall not beThe landing at an exterior doorway shall not be
more than __ __/__ inches below the top of themore than __ __/__ inches below the top of the
threshold, provided the door, other than anthreshold, provided the door, other than an
exterior storm or screen door does not swing overexterior storm or screen door does not swing over
the landing.the landing.
The width of each landing shall not be less thanThe width of each landing shall not be less than
the door served. Every landing shall have athe door served. Every landing shall have a
minimum dimension of ___ inches measured inminimum dimension of ___ inches measured in
the direction of travel.the direction of travel.

311.4.4 Type of lock or latch311.4.4 Type of lock or latch
All egress doors shall be readily openable fromAll egress doors shall be readily openable from
the side from which egress is to be made withoutthe side from which egress is to be made without
the use of a ___ or special knowledge or effort.the use of a ___ or special knowledge or effort.

OverviewOverview
 R311.5 – StairwaysR311.5 – Stairways
• R311.5.1 – WidthR311.5.1 – Width
• R311.5.2 – HeadroomR311.5.2 – Headroom
• R311.5.3 – Stair Treads & RisersR311.5.3 – Stair Treads & Risers
• R311.5.3.1 – Riser HeightR311.5.3.1 – Riser Height
• R311.5.3.2 – Tread DepthR311.5.3.2 – Tread Depth
• R311.5.5.3 – ProfileR311.5.5.3 – Profile
• R311.5.4 – Landing for StairwaysR311.5.4 – Landing for Stairways
• R311.5.5 – Stairway Walking SurfaceR311.5.5 – Stairway Walking Surface
• R311.5.6 – HandrailsR311.5.6 – Handrails
• R311.5.6.1 – HeightR311.5.6.1 – Height

OverviewOverview
 R311.5 – StairwaysR311.5 – Stairways
• R311.5.6.2 – ContinuityR311.5.6.2 – Continuity
• R311.5.6.3 – Handrail Grip SizeR311.5.6.3 – Handrail Grip Size
• R311.5.7 – IlluminationR311.5.7 – Illumination
• R311.5.8 – Special StairwaysR311.5.8 – Special Stairways
• R311.5.8.2 – Bulkhead EnclosureR311.5.8.2 – Bulkhead Enclosure
StairwaysStairways

R311.5 StairwaysR311.5 Stairways
311.5.1 Width.311.5.1 Width.
Stairways shall not be less than ___ inches inStairways shall not be less than ___ inches in
clear width at all points above the permittedclear width at all points above the permitted
handrail height and below the required headroomhandrail height and below the required headroom
height. Handrails shall not project more thanheight. Handrails shall not project more than
____ inches on either side of the stairway and____ inches on either side of the stairway and
the minimum clear width of the stairway at andthe minimum clear width of the stairway at and
below the handrail height, including treads andbelow the handrail height, including treads and
landings, shall not be less than ____ incheslandings, shall not be less than ____ inches
where a handrail is installed on one side and ___where a handrail is installed on one side and ___
inches where handrails are provided on bothinches where handrails are provided on both
sides.sides.

Exception:Exception:
The width of spiral stairways shall be inThe width of spiral stairways shall be in
accordance with Section R311.5.8.accordance with Section R311.5.8.
311.5.2 Headroom.311.5.2 Headroom.
The minimum headroom in all parts of theThe minimum headroom in all parts of the
stairway shall not be less than ___ feet ___stairway shall not be less than ___ feet ___
inches measured vertically from the sloped planeinches measured vertically from the sloped plane
adjoining the tread nosing or from the flooradjoining the tread nosing or from the floor
surface of the landing or platform.surface of the landing or platform.

311.5.3 Stair treads and risers.311.5.3 Stair treads and risers.
311.5.3.1 Riser height.311.5.3.1 Riser height.
The maximum riser height shall be __ __/__The maximum riser height shall be __ __/__
inches. The riser shall be measuredinches. The riser shall be measured
vertically between leading edges of thevertically between leading edges of the
adjacent treads. The greatest riser heightadjacent treads. The greatest riser height
within any flight of stairs shall not exceed thewithin any flight of stairs shall not exceed the
smallest by more than __/__ inch.smallest by more than __/__ inch.

311.5.3.2 Tread depth.311.5.3.2 Tread depth.
The minimum tread depth shall be ___ inches. TheThe minimum tread depth shall be ___ inches. The
tread depth shall be measured horizontallytread depth shall be measured horizontally
between the vertical planes of the foremostbetween the vertical planes of the foremost
projection of adjacent treads and at a right angleprojection of adjacent treads and at a right angle
to the tread's leading edge. The greatest treadto the tread's leading edge. The greatest tread
depth within any flight of stairs shall not exceeddepth within any flight of stairs shall not exceed
the smallest by more than __/__ inch.the smallest by more than __/__ inch.

311.5.3.2 Tread depth, con’t.311.5.3.2 Tread depth, con’t.
Winder treads shall have a minimum tread depthWinder treads shall have a minimum tread depth
of ___ inches measured as above at a point ___of ___ inches measured as above at a point ___
inches from the side where the treads areinches from the side where the treads are
narrower.narrower.
Winder treads shall have a minimum tread depthWinder treads shall have a minimum tread depth
of ___ inches at any point. Within any flight ofof ___ inches at any point. Within any flight of
stairs, the greatest winder tread depth at the ___stairs, the greatest winder tread depth at the ___
inch walk line shall not exceed the smallest byinch walk line shall not exceed the smallest by
more than __/__ inch.more than __/__ inch.

11.5.3.3 Profile.11.5.3.3 Profile.
The radius of curvature at the leading edge of theThe radius of curvature at the leading edge of the
tread shall be no greater than __/__ inch. Atread shall be no greater than __/__ inch. A
nosing not less than __/__ inch but not morenosing not less than __/__ inch but not more
than __ __/__ inch shall be provided on stairwaysthan __ __/__ inch shall be provided on stairways
with solid risers.with solid risers.
The greatest nosing projection shall not exceedThe greatest nosing projection shall not exceed
the smallest nosing projection by more thanthe smallest nosing projection by more than
__/__ inch between two stories, including the__/__ inch between two stories, including the
nosing at the level of floors and landings.nosing at the level of floors and landings.
Beveling of nosing shall not exceed __/__ inch.Beveling of nosing shall not exceed __/__ inch.

11.5.3.3 Profile con’t.11.5.3.3 Profile con’t.
Risers shall be vertical or sloped from theRisers shall be vertical or sloped from the
underside of the leading edge of the tread aboveunderside of the leading edge of the tread above
at an angle not more than 30 degrees from theat an angle not more than 30 degrees from the
vertical. Open risers are permitted, provided thatvertical. Open risers are permitted, provided that
the opening between treads does not permit thethe opening between treads does not permit the
passage of a ___-inch diameter sphere.passage of a ___-inch diameter sphere.
Exceptions:Exceptions:
1. A nosing is not required where the tread depth1. A nosing is not required where the tread depth
is a minimum of ___ inches.is a minimum of ___ inches.
2. The opening between adjacent treads is not2. The opening between adjacent treads is not
limited on stairs with a total rise of 30 incheslimited on stairs with a total rise of 30 inches
or less.or less.

311.5.4 Landings for stairways.311.5.4 Landings for stairways.
There shall be a floor or landing at the top andThere shall be a floor or landing at the top and
bottom of each stairway.bottom of each stairway.
Exception:Exception:
A floor or landing is not required at the top of anA floor or landing is not required at the top of an
interior flight of stairs, provided a door does notinterior flight of stairs, provided a door does not
swing over the stairs.swing over the stairs.
A flight of stairs shall not have a vertical riseA flight of stairs shall not have a vertical rise
greater than ____ feet between floor levels orgreater than ____ feet between floor levels or
landings.landings.

311.5.4 Landings for stairways.311.5.4 Landings for stairways.
The width of each landing shall not be less thanThe width of each landing shall not be less than
the stairway served. Every landing shall have athe stairway served. Every landing shall have a
minimum dimension of ___ inches measured inminimum dimension of ___ inches measured in
the direction of travel.the direction of travel.
311.5.5 Stairway walking surface.311.5.5 Stairway walking surface.
The walking surface of treads and landings ofThe walking surface of treads and landings of
stairways shall be sloped no steeper than onestairways shall be sloped no steeper than one
unit vertical in 48 inches horizontal (2-percentunit vertical in 48 inches horizontal (2-percent
slope)slope)

311.5.6 Handrails311.5.6 Handrails
Handrails shall be provided on at least one side ofHandrails shall be provided on at least one side of
each continuous run of treads or flight with foureach continuous run of treads or flight with four
or more risers.or more risers.
311.5.6.1 Height311.5.6.1 Height
Handrail height, measured vertically from theHandrail height, measured vertically from the
sloped plane adjoining the tread nosing, or finishsloped plane adjoining the tread nosing, or finish
surface of ramp slope, shall be not less than ___surface of ramp slope, shall be not less than ___
inches and not more than ___ inches.inches and not more than ___ inches.

311.5.6.2 Continuity311.5.6.2 Continuity
Handrails for stairways shall be continuous for theHandrails for stairways shall be continuous for the
full length of the flight, from a point directlyfull length of the flight, from a point directly
above the top riser of the flight to a point directlyabove the top riser of the flight to a point directly
above lowest riser of the flight. Handrail endsabove lowest riser of the flight. Handrail ends
shall be returned or shall terminate in newelshall be returned or shall terminate in newel
posts or safety terminals. Handrails adjacent to aposts or safety terminals. Handrails adjacent to a
wall shall have a space of not less than __ __/__wall shall have a space of not less than __ __/__
inch between the wall and the handrails.inch between the wall and the handrails.

311.5.6.2 Continuity con’t311.5.6.2 Continuity con’t
1. Handrails shall be permitted to be interrupted1. Handrails shall be permitted to be interrupted
by a newel post at the turn.by a newel post at the turn.
2. The use of a volute, turnout, starting easing or2. The use of a volute, turnout, starting easing or
starting newel shall be allowed over thestarting newel shall be allowed over the
lowest tread.lowest tread.
311.5.6.3 Handrail grip size311.5.6.3 Handrail grip size
All required handrails shall be of one of theAll required handrails shall be of one of the
following types or provide equivalent graspabilityfollowing types or provide equivalent graspability..

311.5.6.3 Handrail grip size con’t311.5.6.3 Handrail grip size con’t
1. Type I.1. Type I.
Handrails with a circular cross section shallHandrails with a circular cross section shall
have an outside diameter of at least __ __/__have an outside diameter of at least __ __/__
inches and not greater than __ inches.inches and not greater than __ inches.

311.5.6.3 Handrail grip size con’t311.5.6.3 Handrail grip size con’t
2. Type II2. Type II
The minimum width of the handrail above theThe minimum width of the handrail above the
recess shall be _____ inches to a maximum ofrecess shall be _____ inches to a maximum of
_____ inches._____ inches.

311.5.7 Illumination311.5.7 Illumination
All stairs shall be provided with illumination inAll stairs shall be provided with illumination in
accordance with Section R303.6accordance with Section R303.6
311.5.8 Special stairways311.5.8 Special stairways
Circular stairways, spiral stairways, winders andCircular stairways, spiral stairways, winders and
bulkhead enclosure stairways shall comply withbulkhead enclosure stairways shall comply with
all requirements of Section R311.5 except asall requirements of Section R311.5 except as
specified below.specified below.

311.5.8.1 Spiral stairways311.5.8.1 Spiral stairways
Spiral stairways are permitted, provided theSpiral stairways are permitted, provided the
minimum width shall be ___ inches with eachminimum width shall be ___ inches with each
tread having a __ __/__-inches minimum treadtread having a __ __/__-inches minimum tread
depth at ___ inches from the narrower edge. Alldepth at ___ inches from the narrower edge. All
treads shall be identical, and the rise shall be notreads shall be identical, and the rise shall be no
more than __ __/__ inches. A minimummore than __ __/__ inches. A minimum
headroom of ___ feet ___ inches shall beheadroom of ___ feet ___ inches shall be
provided.provided.

311.5.8.2 Bulkhead enclosure stairways311.5.8.2 Bulkhead enclosure stairways
Stairways serving bulkhead enclosures, not partStairways serving bulkhead enclosures, not part
of the required building egress, providing accessof the required building egress, providing access
from the outside grade level to the basementfrom the outside grade level to the basement
shall be exempt from the requirements ofshall be exempt from the requirements of
Sections R311.4.3 and R311.5 where theSections R311.4.3 and R311.5 where the
maximum height from the basement finishedmaximum height from the basement finished
floor level to grade adjacent to the stairway doesfloor level to grade adjacent to the stairway does
not exceed 8 feet, and the grade level opening tonot exceed 8 feet, and the grade level opening to
the stairway is covered by a bulkhead enclosurethe stairway is covered by a bulkhead enclosure
with hinged doors or other approved means.with hinged doors or other approved means.

OverviewOverview
 R312 – GuardsR312 – Guards
• R312.1 – RequiredR312.1 – Required
• R312.2 – Guard opening LimitationsR312.2 – Guard opening Limitations

312.1 Guards required.312.1 Guards required.
Porches, balconies or raised floor surfaces locatedPorches, balconies or raised floor surfaces located
more than ___ inches above the floor or grademore than ___ inches above the floor or grade
below shall have guards not less than ___ inchesbelow shall have guards not less than ___ inches
in height. Open sides of stairs with a total rise ofin height. Open sides of stairs with a total rise of
more than ___ inches above the floor or grademore than ___ inches above the floor or grade
below shall have guards not less than ___ inchesbelow shall have guards not less than ___ inches
in height measured vertically from the nosing ofin height measured vertically from the nosing of
the treads.the treads.
Porches and decks which are enclosed with insectPorches and decks which are enclosed with insect
screening shall be provided with guards wherescreening shall be provided with guards where
the walking surface is located more than ___the walking surface is located more than ___
inches above the floor or grade below.inches above the floor or grade below.

R312 GuardsR312 Guards
312.2 Guard opening limitations.312.2 Guard opening limitations.
Required guards on open sides of stairways,Required guards on open sides of stairways,
raised floor areas, balconies and porches shallraised floor areas, balconies and porches shall
have intermediate rails or ornamental closureshave intermediate rails or ornamental closures
which do not allow passage of a sphere ___which do not allow passage of a sphere ___
inches or more in diameter.inches or more in diameter.
1. The triangular openings formed by the riser, tread1. The triangular openings formed by the riser, tread
and bottom rail of a guard at the open side of aand bottom rail of a guard at the open side of a
stairway are permitted to be of such a size that astairway are permitted to be of such a size that a
sphere ___ inches cannot pass through.sphere ___ inches cannot pass through.
2. Openings for required guards on the sides of stair2. Openings for required guards on the sides of stair
treads shall not allow a sphere __ __/__ inches totreads shall not allow a sphere __ __/__ inches to
pass through.pass through.

08/22/1408/22/14 www.icc.orgwww.icc.org
89

R613.2 Window SillsR613.2 Window Sills
 In dwelling units, where the openingsIn dwelling units, where the openings ofof
an operable window is located more thanan operable window is located more than
___inches above the finished grade or___inches above the finished grade or
surface below, the lowest part of the clearsurface below, the lowest part of the clear
opening of the window shall be a minimum ofopening of the window shall be a minimum of
____inches above the finished floor of the____inches above the finished floor of the
room in which the window is located. Glazingroom in which the window is located. Glazing
between the floor and ___inches shall bebetween the floor and ___inches shall be
fixed or have openings through which afixed or have openings through which a
__inch diameter sphere cannot pass.__inch diameter sphere cannot pass.

2 building enclosures #2 (2014)

2 building enclosures #2 (2014)

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