1. Effect of irrigation and fertilization on
CH4 and CO2 emissions from paddy
soil during the seedling stage in NE
Spain
Maris, S.C., Teira-Esmatges, M.R., Bosch-Serra A.D., Quílez D., Català Forner M.M.
Valencia, 10-11th April 2014
University of Lleida

2. 1. INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVES
 Increase in rice production involves increase in CH4 and
CO2 emissions to the atmosphere
 Rice seedling stage significantly contributes to the total
CH4 and CO2 emissions from rice paddies in China
 How: the different irrigation regimes and different rates of
mineral and organic fertilizers affects the CH4 and CO2
emissions during the seedling stage

3. 2. MATERIAL & METHODS
Amposta-1 (2011)
CI
II
Amposta-2
2011 2012
0 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1
150 kg N ha-1
(urea) 150 kg N ha-1
(urea)
170 kg N ha-1
(9.5 t c.m. ha-1
) 170 kg N ha-1
(15.2 t c.m. ha-1
)
340 kg N ha-1
(19.1 t c.m. ha-1
) 340 kg N ha-1
(28.7 t c.m. ha-1
)
Alcolea de Cinca (2012)
0 kg N ha-1
120 kg (NH4)2SO4-N ha-1
120 kg N ha-1 (30 t p.s. ha-1)
170 kg N ha-1 (50 t p.s. ha-1)

4. CO2 and CH4
Semi-static chamber method
2. MATERIAL & METHODS
After closing the chamber
and 20 and 40 min later
Innova 1312 PAS Multigas
Monitor

5. 3. RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Not irrigation type nor soil T affect CH4 emission
Amposta-1
Irrigation type
CH4
(kg ha-1)
CO2
(kg ha-1)
% CO2 of the
whole crop
CI -2.07±0.2a 1167.49±233.08b 23
II -5.29±0.38a 4077.24±310.61a 49
Negative cumulative CH4 emission may be due to soil
salinity and to a high soil SO4
-2 content (Datta et al., 2013)
II significantly increased CO2 emission

6. 3. RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Year Treatment
CH4
(kg ha-1)
CO2
(kg ha-1)
% CO2 of the
whole crop
2011
0 kg N ha-1 -2.37±0.51c 167.67±8.36b 20
150 kg N ha-1 (urea) -0.64±0.04c 418.88±36.18a 39
170 kg N ha-1 (9.5 t ha-1) 9.35±0.24ab 238.71±31.02b 23
340 kg N ha-1 (19.1 t ha-1) 29.62±0.71a 257.11±8.6b 18
2012
0 kg N ha-1 -44.82±7.98c 871.23±158.33a 8
150 kg N ha-1 (urea) -19.91±0.76c 1290.72±253.23a 13
170 kg N ha-1 (15.2 t ha-1) 169.91±31.14a 1257.76±81.24a 25
340 kg N ha-1 (28.7 t ha-1) 48.16±4.66b 1492.35±37.36a 16
Amposta-2
CH4 emission inhibition or oxidation due to soil salinity + high SO4
-2
content
2011: CH4 emission increased with chicken manure appl.
2012: CH4 emission DECREASED; saturation effect (Khalil et al. 1998)
Urea emitted ≥ CO2 than chicken manure (Sampanpanish, 2012)

7. 3. RESULTS & DISCUSSION
CH4 emission is lower from pig slurry application than
from ammonium sulphate (same N dose)
Treatment
CH4
(kg ha-1)
CO2
(kg ha-1)
% CO2 of
the whole
crop
0 kg N ha-1 60.71±3.47a 122.34±4.96a 2.0
120 kg (NH4)2SO4-N ha-1 73.65±5.61a 114.30±37.78a 1.1
120 kg N ha-1 (30 t p.s.) 39.81±2.33b 190.14±18.87a 2.3
170 kg N ha-1 (50 t p.s.) 65.04±6.77a 197.14±54.87a 2.3
Alcolea de Cinca (2012)
CO2 emission is higher with p.s. application

8. II increases CO2 emissions compared with CI, but has
no effect on CH4 emissions
Soil salinity + high soil SO4
-2 inhibit CH4 emissions
A dose of 30 t chicken manure/ha doesn’t increase
CH4 nor CO2 emission
CH4 emission is lower from pig slurry application than
from ammonium sulphate (same N dose)
Pig slurry increases CO2 emission (not significantly)
4. CONCLUSIONS

9. Thanks for your attention
any questions ?
University of Lleida
Valencia, 10-11th April 2014