Presented at the Regional RENEWAL 3 Workshop at the Glenburn Lodge, South Africa.

1. Social Protection to reduce HIV Risks
and Mitigate Impacts
Theme 2: AIDS, Community Resilience,
and Social protection
RENEWAL 2009 Regional Workshop
Muldersdrift, South Africa, 4-5 April 2009

2. Main Projects
 Economic Strengthening for Families
affected by HIV and AIDS (with JLICA)
 Effects of Cash Transfers and
Community Mobilization on
Vulnerability to HIV among young
South African women (with RHRU)

3. What is JLICA?
An independent, time-limited alliance of researchers,
policymakers, practitioners, community leaders, activists, and
people living with HIV.
Dedicatedto improving the wellbeing of children, families and
communities affected by HIV and AIDS.
Justconcluded two year programme of research and analysis
conducted by four thematic Learning Groups.
Mobilised
best available evidence to identify priority
recommendations for policy and practice.
Generated 50+ systematic reviews and other research
products: available at http://www.jlica.org.

4. JLICA/RENEWAL Report
 “What is the Potential of Cash Transfers to
Strengthen Families affected by HIV and AIDS? A
review of the evidence on impacts and key policy
debates” (Adato and Bassett 2008)

 “Offers the most comprehensive treatment of the
topic in the literature and promises to advance
relevant policy debates in a substantive manner”
(JLICA Annual Report)
 Developed conceptual framework for
understanding the role of different approaches to
social protection in the context of HIV/AIDS

5. JLICA/RENEWAL Report, cont.
 Reviewed over 300 documents
 Included 20 cash transfer programs, 10 conditional in Latin
America and Asia; 10 unconditional in Southern and East
Africa (all those with quantitative impact assessments)
 Reviewed impacts on poverty, education, health and
nutrition
 Reviewed policy issues on cash transfers in the context of
HIV and AIDS, including:
• Targeting
• Conditionality
• Complementary activities and services including: health
and nutrition; ECD; livelihoods support; public works;
microcredit; Education, Information and
Communications; social welfare services, etc.

6. SOCIAL PROTECTION: OBJECTIVES AND INTERVENTIONS
Lower capacities-----------------------------------------Higher capacities
Faster to scale----------------------------------------------Slower to scale
Lower inputs-----------------------------------------------Higher inputs
Protective Preventative Promotional Transformational
Secure basic Reduce Enable people to Build, diversify, and Transform
consumption fluctuations in save, invest, and enhance use of
institutions
consumption accumulate assets
and avert and
through • Reduce access
asset constraints relationships
reduction reduction in risk • Economic
• Directly provide or
and income loan assets • Political
variation • Build linkages with • Social
institutions
• Public works
•Unconditional • Insurance (e.g. health,
cash transfers asset)
Conditional cash • Livelihoods support
• Food Transfers • Savings and credit
transfers
Conditional food
transfers • Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition
• Child and adult education/skills
• Early childhood development
(Source: Adato
and Bassett 2008)

7. Selected Findings
 Critical to rapidly scale-up social protection for families
affected by AIDS
 Cash transfers are effective at protecting human capital
and should be scaled up in heavily AIDS-affected countries
 Heterogeneity of AIDS-affected families requires mix of
social protection approaches
 Cash transfers are easier to scale up quickly, and require
less recipient capacity, than other interventions

8. Selected Findings
 Cash transfers should be implemented in conjunction with
non-mandatory complementary services appropriately
tailored
 Strengthen service supply and quality, and pilot
conditionality
 Gender dimensions need attention in program design
 Targeting of families and children should focus on poverty,
with an HIV and AIDS lens, not AIDS-affected or orphans
exclusively

9. Influence on JLICA Policy
Recommendations
RENEWAL/JLICA report provides basis of
JLICA final report’s key recommendations on
social protection and income transfers:
“Harness national social protection for vulnerable
families as a critical lever to improve children’s
outcomes in the context of HIV and AIDS”
“Use income transfers as a ”leading edge” intervention
to rapidly improve outcomes for extremely vulnerable
children and families”
(JLICA 2009: Home Truths: Facing the Facts on Children, AIDS, and
Poverty)

10. Policy Outreach:
Presentations of RENEWAL/JLICA
project results
 OVC Working Group/USAID/PEPFAR meeting, Washington,
DC, 2009
 UNICEF, GTZ, JLICA, RIATT/CABA-WCAR-ILO Symposium
Satellite session, ICASA, Dakar 2008
 WFP Special Session on Nutrition and Food Security in HIV
context, ICASA, Dakar 2008
 Session on Children and AIDS, XVII IAC, Mexico City, 2008
 WFP/FAO/RENEWAL Satellite session on Food Security,
Livelihoods and HIV, at the XVII IAC, Mexico City, 2008
 International Children & HIV/AIDS Symposium, Mexico City

11. Presentation of results, cont.:
 African Union Regional Experts Meetings on Social
Protection, Kampala, Cairo, Dakar.
 National Institute of Mental Health meeting on Children
Rendered Vulnerable by HIV/AIDS, NIMH, Rockville, MD.
 International Symposium: Meeting Children’s Needs in a
World with HIV/AIDS, Harvard University, Boston
 USAID Seminar, Washington, DC, 2007
 Keynote presentation at the DFID/JLICA/IATT meeting on
Cash Transfer Programmes and Children Affected by HIV
and AIDS, London, 2007
 Several publications underway