This document provides an overview of phonology, including the phoneme, vowel articulations, and descriptions of several English vowel phonemes. It examines the smallest units of sound (/b/, /u/, /m/) and categorizes vowels based on tongue position (high front tense /iy/, high back lax /ʊ/, etc.). Charts illustrate vowel articulation in the mouth and examples are given of each phoneme's phonetic features and positioning in words.

1. Universidad central DEL ECUADOR
Facultad de filosofía letras y ciencias de la educación
ESCUELA DE IDIOMAS
PHONOLOGY
NAME:
RICARDO CHASIQUIZA
4th SEMESTER

2. PHONOLOGY
An Overview
Phonology studies the distrubution and organization of sounds
in a lenguage and the interaction between those different
sounds
THE PHONEME
Is the smallest segment of sound which can distinguish two
words.
Phonemes are normally put into slashes lines / /
/b/ / u/ /m/

3. THE ARTICULATIONS

4. VOWELS
TONGUE WHICH AREA FRONT CENTRAL BACK
POSITION
HIGH TENSE / iy / /beat/ / uw / /boot /
LAX /i/ /bit/ / u / / book /
MID TENSE / ey / /bait / /a / /machine/ / ow / /boat/
LAX / E / / bet / / ʌ / / but / / / /bought/
LOW TENSE
/ɑ/ / pot /
LAX

5. THE VOWEL CHART IN RELATION TO THE INSIDE OF THE
MOUTH
iy uw
i u
ey a ow
E ^

6. / iy /
PHONETIC FEATURES
High, front, tense, complex, voiced, unrounded.
POSITION:
INITIAL
each
MID
receive
FINAL
Key
PONETIC TRANSCRIPTIONS
Eat /iyt/
Be /biy/
Sweet /swiyt/

7. / I /
PHONETIC FEATURES
High, front, lax, simple, voiced, unrounded
POSITION:
INITIAL
if
MID
sit
FINAL
Sunny
PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTIONS
Hip /hɪp/
Been /bɪn/
Build /bɪld/

8. / ey /
PHONETIC FEATURES
Mid, tense, front, complex, voiced, unrounded
POSITION
INITIAL
Age
MID
Mail
FINAL
Obey
PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTIONS
Eight /eyt/
Take /teyk/
Wait /weyt/

9. /ɛ/
PHONETIC FEATURES
Mid, front, laxs, simple, voiced, unrounded
POSITION
INITIAL
Emigrate
MID
Leg
FINAL
X
PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTONS
Guess /gɛs/
Red /rɛd/
Met /mɛt/

10. /æ/
PHONETIC FEATURES
Low, fromt, lax, simple, voiced, unrounded.
POSITION
INITIAL
Angry
MID
Hat
FINAL
X
PHONEMIC TANSCRIPTIONS
Cat /kæt/
Black /blæk/
And /ænd/

11. /ɑ/
PHONETIC FEATURES
Low, central and back, lax, simple, voiced, unrounded.
POSITION
INITIAL
Office
MID
Shop
FINAL
Ma
PHONEMID TRANSCRIPOTIONS
Arm /ɑrm/
Clock /klɑk/
On /ɑn/

12. / / /ʌ/
PHONETIC FEATURES
Mid, central, (tense)(lax), simple, voiced, unrounded .
POSITION
INITIAL
Above
MID
Hut
Final
X
PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTIONS
Up /ʌp/
Love /lʌp/
Sun /sʌn/

13. / uw /
PHONETIC FEATURES
High, back, tense, complex, voiced, rounded.
POSITION
INITIAL
Ooze
MID
Tool
FINAL
New
PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTIONS
Doom /duwm/
Move /muwv/
To /tuw/

14. /ʊ/
PHONETIC FEATURES
High, back, lax, simple, voiced, rounded
POSITION
INITIAL
X
MID
Should
FINAL
X
PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTIONS
Put /pʊt/
Look /lʊk/
Could /kʊd/

15. / ow / / z /
PHONETIC FEATURES
Mid, back , tense, complex, voiced, rounded.
POSITION
INITIAL: Only MID: Boat FINAL: So
PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTIONS
Coat /kowt/
Soul /sowl/
Low /low/
PHONETIC FEATURES
Mid, back, lax, simple, voiced, rounded.
POSITION
INITIAL: All MID: Fall FINAL: Saw
PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTIONS
Bought /b t/
Thought /θ t/
Wore /w r/