4. Healer’s Art
Consider the nature of the professional aspirations,
commitments, and values of current medical students
Randomly selected 100 student mission statements
from 10 representative schools nationally
3 Major Themes emerged – Professional Skills,
Personal Qualities, Scope of Professional Practice
PURPOSE
METHOD
RESULTS
Rabow, M.W., Wruhel, J., Remen, R.N. (2009). “Promise of
Professionalism”. The Annals of Family Medicine 7(4), 336-342).
5. Professional Skills
"Give me courage to do things I am
scared to do in order to help others."
Personal Qualities
"Give me the strength to always be
compassionate & fully present to all my
patients in all situations."
Scope of Professional Practice
"Help me remember that every
person and every relationship is
sacred and presents an opportunity
to grow."
6. Healthcare Industry in Transition
Rising Costs
• Shortages
• Healthcare Reform
• Reimbursement
Deficits
• Aging U.S.
Population
Quality & Delivery
• Outcomes Driven
• Electronic Medical
Records (EMR)
• Collaborative Care
Model
Physician Role
• Decrease in U.S.
Physicians
• Clinical vs.
Leadership
• Physician
Dissatisfaction
• Quality of Life
7. Physicians as Servant Leaders
Servant Leadership Profile-Revised (SLP-R)
by Wong and Page (2003)
62 Questions
7 Factors
Developing & Empowering Others
Power & Pride
Serving Others
Open Participatory Leadership
Inspiring Leadership
Visionary Leadership
Courageous Leadership
7-point Likert Scale ranging from
1 (Strongly Disagree) – 7 (Strongly Agree)
8. Serve 1st
Promote &
Enable
Rooted in Beliefs
& Values
10 Principles
Vision
Service to others
Trust
Credibility
Heart / Core
Relationships
Visioning
Strong Character
People 1st
Compassionate Collaborator
Leads with foresight
Authentic
Builds Community
Develops People
Shares Leadership
Greenleaf (1977)
Farling, Stone, & Winston (1999)
Laub (1999)
Page & Wong (2000)
Sipe & Frick (2009)
Servant Leadership Theory
9. Servant and Non-Servant Leadership Groups (N=67)
• SLP (R)
– Factor 2 Power and Pride
• Total Possible Score 56
• Servant Leader
– Score 28 and lower
• Non-Servant Leader
– Score 29 and above
69% Servant Leader
10. Self-Awareness
Servant leaders possess a self-
awareness that their own healing
is a motivation for leadership
Focus on Self
Servant leaders understand the first
step to leading others, and a search
for wholeness, is the necessity to
change within oneself
Shriberg, D. & Shriberg, A. (2011). Practicing leadership: Principles and applications (4th ed.),
p.77. John Wiley & Sons. Hoboken, N.J.
11.
12. Comparison of Physicians to General Population
10+ hours;
38% working 60hrs or
more
40%
Dissatisfied with worklife
balance; 23% of general
population
38%
At risk for burnout; 28%
general public
“Burnout and Satisfaction with Work-Life Balance Among US Physicians
Relative to the General US Population.” Shanafelt, et al. (2012). Arch Intern
Med / Vol 172 (18)
13. Building the Case
Steelcase reports 55% lower
medical claims for participants
in their wellness program over
6 years
Johnson & Johnson saved $225 per
employee/year in reduced hospital,
mental health, and outpatient
services in 9 years of their corporate
wellness program.
Deloitte saved $41.5 million
by retaining employees
who had flexible work
schedules
(Work & Family Connection, 2005)(Work & Family Connection, 2005) (Corporate Voices, 2005)
14. Physician Well-Being is defined as…
• …the intentional cultivation of an optimal personal and professional experience by
and for physicians.
• We recognize four domains of experience in which well-being may be optimized:
1. Bio-Physical
2. Psycho-Emotional
3. Socio-Relational
4. Religio-Spiritual
• Further, we hold that optimizing physicians' experience in these four domains
results from the pursuit and practice of a balanced life.
14
15. 84%
PREFER
THAT ALLOW
Job Options
Personal Time
87% BELIEVE WORKLIFE
IMPROVEMENTS CREATE
COMPETTIVE
ADVANTAGES
5 OUT OF 10
ARE WILLING
TO SACRIFICE INCOME
Fortune 500 male executives
1/2WONDER IF
SACRIFICES
MADE ARE WORTH IT
16.
17. Physician Well-Being is defined as…
• …the intentional cultivation of an optimal personal and professional experience by
and for physicians.
• We recognize four domains of experience in which well-being may be optimized:
1. Bio-Physical
2. Psycho-Emotional
3. Socio-Relational
4. Religio-Spiritual
• Further, we hold that optimizing physicians' experience in these four domains
results from the pursuit and practice of a balanced life.
17
21. Study1 Study2 Study3
Avg r α Avg r α Avg r α G
BIO .640 .840 .592 .807 .352 .678 .675
EMO .695 .883 .662 .859 .546 .846 .837
RELA .577 .795 .572 .762 .367 .700 .501
SPIR .652 .843 .569 .771 .582 .873 .908
Study1: Physicians attending 2012 Physician Well-Being Conference (N = 51; 2012).
Study2: ~1200 Religious Health System Medical Staff (N = 150; 2012).
Study3: National Study on Physician Well-Being random 1615 physicians (N = 225; 2012).
Avg r = Average item-scale correlation. All items have r > .30 on their respective scale.
α = Cronbach’s Alpha
G = Guttman Split Half assesses the correlation of half the items with the other half.
22. Discrete Measures BIO EMO RELA SPIR
See Medicine as a Calling NS NS NS YES
Attend Services More Once per Month NS NS NS YES
Religion is Important in My Life NS NS NS YES
Consider Myself Spiritual NS NS NS YES
Table 2: Evidence of Convergent and Discriminant Validity of PWSAT SPIR scale.
23. BURNOUT
And Some
Other
Poor
Outcomes
STRESSORS:
personal &
environmental
demands, life
circumstances,
family needs,
personal drive.
Bio-
Physical
Psycho-
Emotional
Socio-
Relational
Spiritual-
Religious
A Whole Person View of
Channels/Mediating Factors
Excelling at Well-Being
provides more protective
assets for healthier
handling of stressors.
Low Well-Being indicates
fewer protective assets.
Stressors translate more
directly into poor outcomes
like Burnout.
24. Bio-Physical Effects Associated with Burnout
• Headaches
• Gastrointestinal problems
• Respiratory infections
• Occupational hazards (wounds, exposures)
• Cancer & Cardiovascular disease
• Motor vehicle accidents
26. BIO-PHYSICAL WELL-BEING (BIO)
Feel healthy and full of energy
Get adequate rest or sleep
Feel burdened by the length of my work day
Regularly engage in preventive health activities
Restrict my intake of dietary fat
Get a healthy amount of sun exposure
Engage in vigorous physical activity at least three times per week
Get regular health screenings
Eat enough fruits and vegetables
Better manage chronic pain
Other
29. PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING (EMO)
Day-to-day work life balance
Learn why you feel worried, tense or anxious
Examine your self-doubt
Overcome feeling sad, blue or depressed
Figure out how to have enough time in the day
Acknowledge and manage stress
Take enough time off
Gain opportunities for personal growth
Seek ways to reduce your burden from the realities of medical practice
Receive sufficient emotional support
Other
32. SOCIO-RELATIONAL WELL-BEING (RELA)
Take steps to overcome social isolation
Explore why you feel lonely
Receive sufficient social support
Get sufficient quality time with family
Work on positive relationships with family
Work on positive relationships with colleagues
Listen to others very well
Have positive relationships with administrators where I practice
Examine your frustrations with organizational policies
Change the barriers inhibiting you from roviding quality care
Other
35. RELIGIO-SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING (SPIR)
Life is wonderful
Exercise your sense of meaning and purpose
Trust in a higher power
See the healing effects of spirituality
Pray or meditate
Build up a personal spirituality reserve
Be active in a faith community
Engage in spiritual self-care
Be compassionate toward others
Practice whole-person medicine
Other
