Presentation by Professor Greg Marsden www.its.leeds.ac.uk/people/g.marsden

1. Institute for Transport Studies
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FACULTY OF EARTH AND ENVIRONMENT
Integrated Institutions
for Integrated Solutions
Professor Greg Marsden
Institute for Transport Studies
University of Leeds

2. Integration style
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• Strategic
– between policies for different modes
– between policies on infrastructure, management,
information and pricing
– between transport and land use
• Operational
– interchanges
– fares, service levels, information

3. Transport for London
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• Its main role is to implement the Mayor's Transport Strategy
for London and manage transport services across the Capital
for which the Mayor has responsibility. Services include:
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London's buses
London Underground
Docklands Light Railway (DLR)
London Overground
Tramlink
London River Services
Victoria Coach Station
• Other roles include
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Managing the Congestion Charge
Maintaining 580km of main roads and all of London's traffic lights
Regulating the city's taxis and private hire trade
Dial-a-ride, Taxicard and travel for mobility impaired
Promoting a range of walking and cycling initiatives

4. Transport for London and the Boroughs
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• 95% of the road network is managed by the
Boroughs
• Local Implementation Plans and grant funding

5. London Key Statistics
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6. London key statistics
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7. Importance of funding certainty
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• 5 year funding settlement from central
government

8. Income vs expenditure
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Source: TfL Business Plan

9. Integration of Land-Use and Transport
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• New regeneration sites
• Borrow against Community Infrastructure Levy

10. Innovation in Financing
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11. Incentives for efficiency
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• Incentives are there to save so can borrow and
reinvest
• £294m of savings in 2014/15
• £1bn of engineering savings from Cross Rail

12. Role of local accountability
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• Annual business plan
• Annual performance reporting
• GLA scrutiny committee

13. A site of national innovation
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Source: The Guardian – Graham Robertson
Source: www.jeremyjacobs.com
Source: TwoWheelsGoodFourWheelsBad.blogspot.com
Source: The Guardian – Daniel Berehulak

14. 4 critical governance dimensions
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Strategy
Coordination and Legal Status
Delivery
Funding and Finance

15. Governance Reforms - Manchester
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• 10 districts – Greater Manchester Combined
Authority
• Comprised of 33 elected members from the
Districts - but not ‘directly accountable’
• Transport for Greater Manchester
– Strategy – Full control
– Coordination and legal status – Legal entity, partial
coordination (buses, rail)
– Delivery – all non-rail major schemes
– Funding and financing – With more limits than London

16. Scale
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17. And there is not a Mayor...
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18. Governance Reforms – Kuala Lumpur
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• 20 years in the discussion
• Reform done at national level as laws not
really configured for regional body
• Core capacities also held nationally
• Led by Prime Minister (initially)
• Tackled corruption in licensing system
Source: www.exploration-online.co.uk

19. Governance Reforms – Kuala Lumpur
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• Governance reform (SPAD)
– Strategy – Full control (but unwilling partners) and
planning filter
– Coordination and legal status – Legal entity, partial
coordination (licensing)
– Delivery – oversight
– Funding and financing – Largely held by other
central government departments
Source: www.exploration-online.co.uk

20. Governance Reforms - Bangalore
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• UMTA established to access funds from national
government
• No legal status
• Politically unappealing position
• No technical capacity
• Existing agencies lost none of their funds or
delivery remit
• Easy strategies possible but no major changes
• Other governance reforms hang over UMTA

21. Governance Reforms - Bangalore
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• Reforms
– Strategy - partial
– Coordination and legal status – weak and no
powers
– Delivery – none
– Funding and financing – through other agencies

22. Some concluding thoughts
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• Integrated solutions to cross-cutting problems
• Key elements of effective institutional frameworks
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Strategy
Coordination and Legal Status
Delivery
Funding and Finance
• Governance reforms are a process
• First stage of the process is critical
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Integration of remit important – strategy owner
‘Long-term’ funding settlements
Financial freedoms
Joint funder status
• Democratic accountability – facilitator
• Technical and financial capacity - important

23. title style
Thank
You
G.R.Marsden@its.leeds.ac.uk