Wel Toward An Equitable Future V4

1st International Women Entrepreneurship and
Leadership (WEL) Summit
June 2009 - Istanbul, Turkey

Table of Contents

WEL Session 8: Seven Pathways for NGO Entrepreneurial and Leadership Success
Toward an Equitable Future

Abstract - Seven Pathways for NGO Entrepreneurial
and Leadership …………………………………………………………….. 3

Professional Paper - Seven Pathways for NGO Entrepreneurial
and Leadership Success Toward an Equitable Future …………….. 4

PowerPoint Presentation - Seven Pathways for NGO Entrepreneurial
and Leadership …………………………………………………………… 13

Jalbert Web Resources …………………………………………………………… 18

Author Biography ……..…………………………………………………………... 25

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1 International Women Entrepreneurship and Leadership Summit June 2009 - Istanbul, Turkey
Susanne E. Jalbert, Ph.D.

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1st International Women Entrepreneurship and Leadership Summit
4-5 June 2009 in Istanbul, Turkey
WEL Session 8 – Women Empowerment through NGOs and Media
Contribution by Susanne E. Jalbert, Ph.D.

Abstract: WEL Session 8: Seven Pathways for NGO Entrepreneurial and Leadership
Success Toward an Equitable Future

The horizon of universal opportunity is women’s economic engagement. Non-
governmental organizations (NGOs) and women’s business associations (WBAs),
worldwide, offer an equitable economic future for female enterprise owners. Engaged and
active NGOs/WBAs can provide their business stakeholders an intellectual infrastructure
consisting of a systematic growth methodology through communication, economic
information, business skills training, partner search, social knowledge, peer-to-peer support
and other enterprise needs.

After 20+ years of global field experience with more than 30 international contractors
on 83 assignments covering 40 countries, Dr. Jalbert synthesized her hands-on field
experiences and global best practices into the national Small Business Development
Centers initiative in Iraq. As Louis Berger’s senior advisor for the USAID-Tijara project,
Jalbert focused on economic policy to tactically cultivate a strategy for institutional capacity
building of Iraq’s nascent business development services industry. Jalbert traveled Iraq
widely and frequently to understand community needs and obstacles.

For Iraqi small business owners the number one challenge remains security followed
by access to credit, understanding of modern business methodologies and market demand,
technological connectivity, trained/skilled human resources, and regional trade linkages.
Visit: www.sbdc-iraq.com for more details. Through Dr. Jalbert’s presentation in Session
8: Seven Pathways for NGO Entrepreneurial and Leadership Success, participants will
traverse ideas, suggestions and global best practices directly applicable to NGOs, and
particularly WBAs. Our horizon for women’s sustainable economic development will bear
no fruit unless there is a conscious and determined emphasis on women’s economic
empowerment.

Bio: Susanne E. Jalbert, Ph.D. is one of the world’s leading economic activists. Her
mission is equitable business development strategy and policy through institutional capacity
building. Jalbert is recognized as architect and champion of the Iraqi Small Business
Development Centers program.

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1st International Women Entrepreneurship and Leadership Summit

4-5 June 2009 in Istanbul, Turkey

Session 8 – Women Empowerment through NGOs and Media

Seven Pathways for NGO Entrepreneurial and Leadership Success
Toward an Equitable Future

The horizon of universal opportunity for an equitable future is women’s economic

engagement. As societal change agents non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and

women’s business associations (WBAs), worldwide, inculcate an equitable economic future

for female enterprise owners. Engaged and active NGOs/WBAs can provide business

owners an intellectual infrastructure for systematic growth through communication,

economic information, business skills training, local and regional markets, partner search,

social knowledge, peer-to-peer support and other member enterprise needs.

Opportunity, obstacle, success or failure symbolizes veils of ambiguity. While I

wear three invisible cloaks of entrepreneur, advocate and institution builder, these

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imperceptible shrouds are superficial and construed by the beholder as dissimilar realities.

Maya, the Greco-Roman goddess of illusion, portrayed by artist Barbara Cate below, does

not dispel the notion of transparency. Rather she embraces it to her advantage. Although

wrapped in a see-through veil, creative and complex Maya is not a negative force. Maya is

seen and understood through her diaphanous gauze and is defined by individual, unique

characteristics forming her decisive reality of existence.

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Of opportunities and obstacles, some are real and some are perceived. Of

successes and failures, some are defined by one’s self and some are defined by society. It

is our particularized character that constructs our life’s actual outcome thereby lifting the

illusionary veil to reveal reality. Improved societal environs and the elimination of calcified

discriminatory beliefs is what we, as NGO/WBA leaders and entrepreneurs, most desire.

Social consciousness emerges slowly when governments are in transition or conflict.

Governmental bullying is often mistaken for rule of law. Equal rights access, and the

dignity it brings to an individual, is habitually hidden behind entrenched patriarchal

infrastructure. Yet, gender parity is essential to inclusive economic engagement if we are

to redirect our beloved societies into more peaceful, sustainable, socially nurturing worlds.

The high-stakes risk that NGOs/WBAs must rise above is to challenge patriarchal

sameness. Entrepreneurial endeavors are an ideal route to break built-in societal

monotony. “The reason for the American risk-taking mentality may be historical,” reports

Roger Martin, dean of the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto,

Canada. People originally coming to the USA were disillusioned with their living conditions.

Martin noted that the USA, “started with a bunch of pigheaded, delusional people…”

Maybe this statement is descriptive of NGOs, WBAs and businesswomen these

days. We are delusional resulting from extreme economic unempowerment and historical

disenfranchisement leaving about 50 percent of the world’s women marginalized. From my

perspective, a period of disillusionment and delusion can be a good thing . . . because

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that’s when change is cultivated. When one is looking for a new approach, a new idea, or a

new business, it is typically borne out of frustration with the status quo. Through my

international work I have met hundreds of men and women who are shaking up their

current political and economic conditions through vigorous participation and active

advocacy in their business associations.

An individual’s natural spirit of entrepreneurship is a powerful key to economic

development and transformation of status quo. Small and medium-sized enterprises

(SMEs) provide the bulk of employment for most economies, advanced or not. Strong

NGOs and WBAs advocate, support, and amplify necessary reforms; legislative

restructuring that is part of the current international wave towards aggressively acquiring

and/or accessing markets. Reforms must be grounded in the belief that promoting private

businesses is key to national economic growth. Thus, holding up half of the sky as the

Chinese say, as individual entrepreneurs, women must be bolstered!

Today there’s no reason to ask the question whether NGOs and/or WBAs are help

or hindrance to a woman entrepreneur. We have ample examples and research on every

continent demonstrating the value that women business owners contribute to their families

and communities. Whether women should or should not join a male-dominated

organization such as a trade association or a chamber of commerce has long been a point

of controversy. In the 90s, Billie Lee, an international writer on workplace issues, wrote

persuasively in the San Diego, California Business Journal that women should join only

mainstream chambers or business groups. Lee purported that only in male-dominated

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organization would one be most likely to meet those who can demonstrate and coach

powerful business techniques. Lee asked, “Why splinter off and declare that you are

women first and business people second?”

Lee ignored a fundamental point. In every society, women’s access to mainstream

organizations and influential leaders is extremely limited. From war-ridden Iraq to the

Maoist turmoil in Nepal as well as under-developed economies like Syria, Malawi and

Nicaragua, creating and growing women’s NGOs and WBAs is a declaration of freedom, a

manifest of economic equity and a pragmatic course of action to help women break through

tough economic, political, cultural, and social barriers.

Rita Thapa, widely recognized for her groundbreaking work in founding Tewa, is a

Nepali feminist activist and founder of numerous women’s organizations. She is currently

involved with Nagarik Aawaz (Citizens Voice), an initiative for conflict transformation and

peace building and Dhaka Weaves. Rita admonished me to advise women of, “two things I

cannot over emphasize enough in my own experience are:

1) learn to organize (one selves and what we do), and

2) influence and network with powerful men (instead of them just using us

and ghettoizing us into "women's committees" - as in the Federation of

Nepalese Chamber of Commerce and Industry).

Thapa’s words are a powerful reminder to prepare and support promising

entrepreneurs and leaders. Bea Celler, President of Konnect World, LLC, noted that

another way to gain visibility and leadership opportunities for women SME owners is to

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design an outreach program in global male-dominated BAs and Chambers of Commerce

by giving these organizations insights on how attract more women business members. We

were lucky that during the WEL Summit that, Birgit Arens, Coordinator of the

Eurochambers Women Network, demonstrated the possibility for full inclusion of women in

the European Community’s economic environment. To achieve this goal with over 1200

member chambers in 45 countries, Eurochambers is committed to a “more women-friendly

business environment” with their Women on Board of Local Development program.

Women’s business associations breathe dynamism into female-owned SMEs and are

well positioned as community changemakers and stakeholders. Direct and immediate

actions to be embraced are:

• Lead. Authenticate your leadership role with superior organization for yourself and your

work. Listen and act upon entrepreneur’s demands. Offer a wide range of revenue-

generating services to support business growth. Remember, reliance on grants is a

short-term revenue tactic, but delivery of reasonably priced services (training,

resources, information, conducting surveys, conferences, roundtables, accounting,

legal, registration, partner search, internet café, day care, etc.) builds sustainability for

the NGOs/WBAs and for an entrepreneur’s business.

• Publicize. Develop a media campaign that includes all forms of public relations through

television, radio, newspapers, and magazines. Report facts on woman-owned

businesses in your region. Describe how women’s businesses contribute to overall

economic development of the country.

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• Advocate. Campaign to develop market-enhancing policies supporting legal, tax,

accounting, banking, and legislative corrective measures that encourage business

development. Simplify over-regulation of the numerous forms, officials, and agencies

that business owners worldwide severely criticize. Promote clear, decisive programs for

economic improvement. Advocate for appropriate reforms; regulations should be

continually upgraded, changed, developed, and implemented to reflect current trade

and industry conditions.

• Disseminate. Create effective, informational, low-cost outreach mechanisms like an e-

newsletters, flyers, weekly updated websites, membership brochures, blogs, etc.

• Link. Reach out to microfinance institutions and banks to link them with qualified

entrepreneurs, but also look for ways to upgrade the staff skills of these institutions so

that you grow together.

• Implement. Apply the seven pathways for entrepreneurial and leadership success

which are outlined below.

Escalating trends of women entering business and of women joining business

associations are on the rise across the globe. Women’s business associations can

illustrate with explicit examples and recorded statistics a true picture of what women are

contributing economically to their marketplace. Women-owned businesses can hold the

mighty power of economic development in their hands. After all, small and mid-sized

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businesses, and the vigorous associations supporting SMEs, are the heartbeat of a strong

community.

After 20+ years of global field experience with more than 30 international contractors

on 83 assignments covering 40 countries, my hands-on field experiences and global best

practices are synthesized into the national Small Business Development Centers initiative

in Iraq. As Louis Berger’s senior advisor for the USAID-Tijara project, my single-minded

objective concentrated on economic policy to tactically cultivate a strategy for institutional

capacity building of Iraq’s nascent business development services industry. By traveling

Iraq widely and frequently, I witnessed business community needs and obstacles. For Iraqi

small business owners the number one challenge remains security followed by access to

credit, understanding of modern business methodologies and market demand,

technological connectivity, trained/skilled human resources, and regional trade linkages.

Visit: www.sbdc-iraq.com for more details on this groundbreaking national program. If the

SBDC program can work in Iraq’s conflict-ridden, economically-declined environment, it can

work anywhere.

Through my presentation at the Istanbul Summit in Session 8, entitled: Seven

Pathways for NGO Entrepreneurial and Leadership Success, participants traversed

ideas, suggestions and global best practices directly applicable to NGOs, and particularly to

WBAs. Seven steps are key foundations to effectively empower women’s economic

strength by:

1. Establishing a small business development center cornerstone program
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2. Motivating the women’s business community with sustainable and
reasonable fee-based services

3. Promoting fee-based programs and economic analysis
4. Opening access to association membership and services to all women
business owners

5. Walking briskly to your nearest Women’s Business Association (WBA) to
join, actively participate, contribute time, resources, and energy.

6. Engaging media to ensure women have an economic voice
7. Respecting your members’ needs by identifying and offering
a. High quality fee-based services

b. Local and regional partner search

c. Role models and mentors

Ensuing the groundwork to EMPOWER women economically demonstrates that

lives are changed, quality of life is improved, and equitable social consciousness is raised.

These seven pathways will fortify women entrepreneurs. NGOs, WBAs, and in fact,

governments must lead with a direct policy shift to focus and support women’s economic

engagement. U.S. Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women’s Issues Melanne S. Verveer

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said in her Congressional testimony, “Clearly, investing in women is not just the right thing

to do, it is the smart thing.”

NGOs and WBAs inherently understand social and economic connections.

Pioneering transformational leaders should be applauded for their persistent support to

women’s business associations. Our hopeful horizon for women’s sustainable

development and evolution of an equitable future will bear no fruit unless there is a

conscious and determined emphasis on women’s economic empowerment.

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RESOURCES/SUGGESTED INTERNET SITES FOR
ASSOCIATIONS AND SMALL BUSINESS

Developed by Susanne E. Jalbert, Ph.D., for USAID-TIJARA
Revised January 2009

Resource Contents:
Associations, NGOs and Advocates
Business Planning Issues and Best Practices
Consulting
Craft Marketing
Credit and/or Other Funding
Employee Performance and Reviews
Governmental Programs
Multi-Lateral Organizations and Foundations
Peace Processes
Political Activism
Research about Women Entrepreneurs
Women in Development
Women Entrepreneurships Blogs

Associations
Alliance of American and Russian Women: www.wbls.ru
American Association of University Women: www.aauw.org
American Business Women’s Association: www.abwa.org
Association Women and Politics: www.frauundpolitik.ch
Association of Women Entrepreneurs of Karnatak, India (AWAKE):
www.awake-india.org
Business and Professional Women: www.bpwusa.org
Business and Professional Women-Colorado Federation: www.BPW.org
Business and Professional Women International: www.bpwintl.com
Coalition for Women’s Economic Development and Global Equity:
womensedge.org
Institute for International Education (IIE): www.iie.org
www.iwid.org/gender.html
International Federation of University Women (IFUW): www.ifuw.org
International Forum for Women: www.iwforum.org/
National Association of Women Business Owners: www.nawbo.org
World Association of Women Entrepreneurs: www.fcem.org
Women-21.gov: www.women-21.gov
Women Entrepreneurs Inc.: www.we-inc.com

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Business Planning Issues and Best Practices
Business Climate, Legal and Institutional Reform (BizCLIR):
http://bizclir.com
Business Plan Archive: www.businessplanarchive.org
Business Plan Center: www.businessplans.org/
Business Plans (sample plans): www.bplans.com
Direct Marketing Concepts: www.websg.com/dmc
EnterWeb: www.enterweb.org/women.htm
Entrepreneur Magazine: www.entrepreneur.com
EntreWorld: www.entreworld.org
IBM & IFC Toolkit: www.smetoolkit.org/smetoolkit/en
Marketing Plans, Programs and Small Business Management:
www.websitemarketingplan.com
Marketing Survival Kit: www.marketingsurvivalkit.com
My Own Business: www.myownbusiness.org/
SBA Entrepreneurial Test: www.onlinewbc.gov/docs/starting/test.htm
Small Biz Help: www.smallbizhelp.net
Strategic Business Planning: www.bizplan.com/
Strategic Systems International: www.ssi-world.com/
Strategic Development: www.s-d-g.com/
Village Earth/Small Enterprises/Cooperatives: www.villageearth.org

Credit and/or Other Funding
Active Capital: http://www.activecapital.org/
Angel Capital Association: http://www.angelcapitalassociation.org/
Angel Capital Education Foundation: http://www.angelcapitaleducation.org/
Angel Capital Network: www.angelcapitalnetwork.com
Business Finance: www.businessfinance.com
Center for Venture Research: http://wsbe.unh.edu/cvr/
Center for Women and Enterprise: www.cweboston.org
Commercial Finance Online: www.CFOL.com
Count-Me-In: www.count-me-in.org
Dun & Bradstreet: www.dnb.com
Foundation Directory Online Professional:
http://fconline.fdncenter.org/pnd/15017894/promo.htm
Guidebook for Building an Angel Capital Network:
http://www.kauffman.org/pdf/angel_guidebook.pdf
Hudson Institute's Center for Global Prosperity:
http://foundationcenter.org/pnd/news/story.jhtml?id=250800014

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Post Idea.com: www.postidea.com
Springboard Enterprises: www.springboardenterprises.org
Start-up Junkies: http://www.startupjunkies.org/angel.html
Texas Women Ventures Fund: http://www.texaswomenventures.com/
Trapezia Fund: http://www.trapeziacapital.co.uk/homepage
Virtual Library on Microcredit: www.gdrc.org/icm/
Women’s World Bank: www.womensworldbanking.org

Consulting
4D Consulting Center: www.4d.com/startconsulting/
Consultant Journal: www.consultantjournal.com
Entrepreneur.Com: www.entrepreneur.com
Guerrilla Consulting: www.guerrillaconsulting.com/newsletter/index.html
Independent Computer Consultants Association: www.icca.org
Independent Consulting Bootcamp: www.independent-consulting-
bootcamp.com/starting-a-consulting-business.html
Management Consulting News:
www.managementconsultingnews.com/interviews/kotler_interview.php
My Small Biz: www.mysmallbiz.com/consulting-business/how-to-start-a-
consulting-business.php
Women in Consulting: www.womeninconsulting.org

Craft Marketing
Aid to Artisans: www.aidtoartisans.org/
Catalog Generator: www.catgen.com
Crafts Center: www.craftscenter.org/
Novica: www.novica.com/
PeopleLink: www.peoplink.org
Trading Crafts: www.tradingcrafts.com/
Ten Thousand Villages: www.tenthousandvillages.com/home.php

Employee Performance and Reviews:
Employee Assistance Program: http://www.hr.wayne.edu/avp/eap/
Employee Benefits:
http://web2.sunyit.edu/human_resources/employeebenefits.inc
Employee Evaluations: http://www.grapevinesurveys.com
Employee Evaluations:

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http://www.tgci.com/magazine/Employee%20Evaluation.pdf
Employer Services Business Solutions: http://www.adp.com/
Employee Performance Evaluations: http://www.allbusiness.com/human-
resources/workforce-management/434-1.html
Human Resources and Employee Relations: http://www.yorku.ca/hr/
Human Resources: http://www.du.edu/hr/forms/employee_handbook.html
How to Give an Effective Employee Evaluation:
http://www.ehow.com/how_1914_give-effective-employee.html
Measuring Service: www.retailbiz.com/
Team Building: http://wilderdom.com/games/InitiativeGames.html

Governmental Programs (Ideas for SME policy models)
Colorado Farm Bureau: www.colofb.com/
Colorado Tourism Office:
www.state.co.us/gov_dir/oed/tourism/cto.html
Colorado Government Resources, including:
Colorado Business Resource Guide (or How to Start a Business in Colorado)
and
Colorado Office on Economic Development and International Trade
www.state.co.us/gov_dir/oed/wbo/gresources.html
www.state.co.us/gov_dir/oed.html
www.state.co.us/oed/guide/
National Women’s Business Center: www.nwbc.gov

Note: Sites for Iraq business, in English & Arabic:
www.buyusa.gov/iraq
Comprehensive Iraq Investment and Reconstruction site:
www.export.gov/iraq
Women’s Business Office in Colorado:
www.state.co.us/gov_dir/oed/wbo.html
U.S. Small Business Administration: www.onlinewbc.org
U.S. Small Business Administration (for women): www.sba.gov/women and
sba.gov/training/courses.html

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Multi-Lateral Organizational Support and/or Donor Agency Aid and
Foundations
British-Know-How Fund: www.britishembassy.gov.uk
Canadian Development Agency: www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/
Foundations Listing: fdncenter.org
Global Fund for Women: www.globalfundforwomen.org
International Finance Corp.: www.ifc.org/GEM
Mama Cash: www.mamacash.org
Swedish Development Agency: www.sida.org/
TACIS: europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/index.htm
Tewa: www.tewa.org.np/
UN/NGO Link: www.un.org
United Nations UN Homepage: www.unsystem.org
USAID: www.usaid.gov
Women for Women: www.womenforwomen.org

Peace Processes
Peace Women: www.peacewomen.org/
United States Institute for Peace: www.usip.org
Women Waging Peace: www.womenwagingpeace.net/

Political Activism
League of Women Voters: www.lwv.org/
Winrock International (trafficking): www.winrock.org
Women's Action for New Directions: www.wand.org/
Women's EDGE: www.womensedge.org
Women Impacting Public Policy: www.wipp.org

Research about Women Entrepreneurs
Catalyst: www.catalyst.org
Center for Arab Women Training and Research (CAWTAR):
www.cawtar.org
Center for Women's Business Research: www.womenbusinessresearch.org
EUROPA - Gateway to the European Union: europa.eu.int/index_en.htm
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM): www.gemconsortium.org
Library links for entrepreneurs: www.gdsourcing.com/gds6.htm
Quantum Leaps, Inc.: www.quantumleapsinc.org
Women, Inc.: www.womenink.org
Womenable: www.womenable.com
Women's EDGE: www.womensedge.org

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Women's Environment and Development Organization (WEDO):
www.wedo.org

Women's International Center: Women's Resources on the Net:
www.wic.org/misc/resource.htm
Yale University: www.cs.yale.edu/~tap/tap.html

Women in Development
Association for Women in Development: www.awid.org
cfd - The NGO for Women's Empowerment: www.cfd-ch.org
New Perspectives for Women: www.winrock.org.md/index.php?l=en
Women Empowerment Organization: www.sbdc-iraq.com
Women’s Business Center: www.onlinewbc.org
Women, Ink: www.womenink.org
UN Division for the Advancement of Women:
www.un.org/womenwatch/daw
UNIFEM-UN: www.unifem-eseasia.org/resources/resources.htm
www.sida.se/sida/jsp/sida.jsp?d=121&language=en_US

Women Entrepreneurships Blogs
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: http://www.gemconsortium.org/
International Women’s Day: http://www.internationalwomensday.com/
National Women’s History Project: http://www.nwhp.org/
The Future of Small Business: http://www.intuit.com/futureofsmallbusiness/
Trends in Women's Entrepreneurship Support:
http://www.prowess.org.uk/documents/GEMProwessReportFinal_000.pdf
Women’s Enterprise Task Force: http://www.womensenterprise.co.uk/

Shopping to Support Women Entrepreneurs
As a service from Womenable here is a list of a few sources of fair trade items, much of
which will directly benefit women-owned micro businesses in the developing world.

• Catalog, bricks-and-mortar merchants: You may have already received one (or more)
catalogs from Heifer International, where you can "buy" a farm animal to donate to a
subsistence farmer in the developing world, but have you heard of these fair trade catalog
merchants: Fair Indigo, A Greater Gift, and League of Artisans? If you'd rather see and
touch before you buy, many cities in the U.S. and Canada have a Ten Thousand Villages
retail store, which offers hand-made items from around the world.

• Web-based, clicks-and-mortar e-tailers: The web is home to a number of fair trade e-
tailers, among them: Global Exchange, Mercado Global, Trade as One, Two Hands
Worldshop, and World of Good. A relatively new entry comes from NAWBO member Mary
Schnack, with her Up from the Dust e-tail effort.

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• Beyond clothing and jewelry: Some of us womenablers are not fashionistas, preferring
perhaps more sporty pursuits. Well, Fair Trade Sports or Racadillo may be the place for you.
And, if you are a java junkie, check out Grounds for Change or Higher Grounds Trading.
Whatever your interest or shopping need, think 'fair trade' - not only for gifts and holidays
but whenever you shop. To learn more about fair trade and other planet-friendly
consumerism, check out Good Intentions, an e-zine.

This resource is not intended to be comprehensive list of Internet sites,
but rather illustrative. There is no end in sight!

Enjoy the research process.

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Biography:

Susanne E. Jalbert, Ph.D. is one of the world’s leading economic activists. Her
mission is equitable business development strategy and policy through institutional capacity
building of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and women’s business associations
(WBAs); she has assisted more than 30 international contractors on 83 assignments in 40
countries. Jalbert is recognized as architect and champion of the Iraqi Small Business
Development Centers program, and has influenced NGO and WBA capacity building
worldwide.
As an economic activist and an international development professional
(www.jalbertconsulting.com), Dr. Jalbert contributes to USAID-sponsored private sector
development projects. Her work is focused on business development strategy and policy
with the over-arching goal of investing resources equitably in both social and business
change. Recently over 100 business associations united through the Iraqi Business
Council to present Dr. Jalbert an award to recognize her championship and contribution to
the national network of Iraq’s Small Business Development Centers. To promote both
social responsibility and to encourage women’s economic engagement, Dr. Jalbert
publishes notably about the impact of: business associations, women entrepreneurs,
[STOP] trafficking of women and children campaigns, and constructive economic
interventions for entrepreneurial expansion.

“Peace is not only absence of violence, but is also a just rule of law
and economic well-being.”

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