SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  10
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation
by Patty Bostwick-Taylor,
Florence-Darlington Technical College

The Endocrine
System

9

PART A

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Chemistry of Hormones
 Hormones are classified chemically as
 Amino acid–based, which includes
 Proteins
 Peptides
 Amines
 Steroids—made from cholesterol
 Prostaglandins—made from highly active
lipids

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Mechanisms of Hormone Action
 Hormones affect only certain tissues or organs
(target cells or target organs)
 Target cells must have specific protein receptors
 Hormone-binding alters cellular activity

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Chemistry of Hormones
 Two mechanisms in which hormones act
 Direct gene activation
 Second-messenger system

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Direct Gene Activation
(Steroid Hormone Action)
 Diffuse through the plasma membrane of target
cells
 Enter the nucleus
 Bind to a specific protein within the nucleus
 Bind to specific sites on the cell’s DNA
 Activate genes that result in synthesis of new
proteins

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Steroid
hormone

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Receptor
protein
Hormone-receptor
complex
DNA
mRNA
New
protein

Plasma
membrane
of target
cell
PLAY Steroid Hormone
Figure 9.1a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Second-Messenger System
(Nonsteroid Hormone Action)
 Hormone binds to a membrane receptor
 Hormone does not enter the cell
 Sets off a series of reactions that activates an
enzyme
 Catalyzes a reaction that produces a secondmessenger molecule
 Oversees additional intracellular changes to
promote a specific response

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Nonsteroid
hormone (first
messenger)

Cytoplasm
Enzyme
ATP

cAMP
Receptor
protein
Plasma
membrane
of target cell

Second
messenger

Effect on cellular function,
such as glycogen
breakdown

PLAY Nonsteroid Hormone
Figure 9.1b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Control of Hormone Release
 Hormone levels in the blood are mostly
maintained by negative feedback
 A stimulus or low hormone levels in the blood
triggers the release of more hormone
 Hormone release stops once an appropriate level
in the blood is reached

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Control of Hormone Release
 Hormone levels in the blood are mostly
maintained by negative feedback
 A stimulus or low hormone levels in the blood
triggers the release of more hormone
 Hormone release stops once an appropriate level
in the blood is reached

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Contenu connexe

En vedette

Nuclear receptors as target of new drug therapy
Nuclear receptors as target of new drug therapyNuclear receptors as target of new drug therapy
Nuclear receptors as target of new drug therapyHabibur Rahman
 
Disorders of pituitary gland
Disorders of pituitary glandDisorders of pituitary gland
Disorders of pituitary glandpromotemedical
 
Human endocrine system
Human endocrine systemHuman endocrine system
Human endocrine systemShohrat266
 
Endocrine System
Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
Endocrine Systemlevouge777
 
Endocrine system & disorders, gland by gland
Endocrine system & disorders, gland by glandEndocrine system & disorders, gland by gland
Endocrine system & disorders, gland by glandjugafoce
 

En vedette (9)

Nuclear receptors as target of new drug therapy
Nuclear receptors as target of new drug therapyNuclear receptors as target of new drug therapy
Nuclear receptors as target of new drug therapy
 
Disorders of pituitary gland
Disorders of pituitary glandDisorders of pituitary gland
Disorders of pituitary gland
 
Pituitary gland
Pituitary glandPituitary gland
Pituitary gland
 
Human endocrine system
Human endocrine systemHuman endocrine system
Human endocrine system
 
Endocrine System
Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
Endocrine System
 
Pituitary Gland
Pituitary GlandPituitary Gland
Pituitary Gland
 
Steroid receptor
Steroid receptorSteroid receptor
Steroid receptor
 
Endocrine system & disorders, gland by gland
Endocrine system & disorders, gland by glandEndocrine system & disorders, gland by gland
Endocrine system & disorders, gland by gland
 
pituitary gland
pituitary glandpituitary gland
pituitary gland
 

Plus de SSpencer53

Plus de SSpencer53 (20)

Mendel and punnett squares
Mendel and punnett squaresMendel and punnett squares
Mendel and punnett squares
 
B10vrv4133
B10vrv4133B10vrv4133
B10vrv4133
 
Variables and control
Variables and controlVariables and control
Variables and control
 
B10vrv8353
B10vrv8353B10vrv8353
B10vrv8353
 
B10vrv8352
B10vrv8352B10vrv8352
B10vrv8352
 
B10vrv8351
B10vrv8351B10vrv8351
B10vrv8351
 
B10vrv8312
B10vrv8312B10vrv8312
B10vrv8312
 
B10vrv8344
B10vrv8344B10vrv8344
B10vrv8344
 
B10vrv8343 1
B10vrv8343 1B10vrv8343 1
B10vrv8343 1
 
B10vrv2063
B10vrv2063B10vrv2063
B10vrv2063
 
B10vrv2062
B10vrv2062B10vrv2062
B10vrv2062
 
B10vrv2061
B10vrv2061B10vrv2061
B10vrv2061
 
B10vrv2052
B10vrv2052B10vrv2052
B10vrv2052
 
B10vrv2052
B10vrv2052B10vrv2052
B10vrv2052
 
B10vrv2051
B10vrv2051B10vrv2051
B10vrv2051
 
B10vrv2043
B10vrv2043B10vrv2043
B10vrv2043
 
B10vrv2041
B10vrv2041B10vrv2041
B10vrv2041
 
B10vrv2042
B10vrv2042B10vrv2042
B10vrv2042
 
B10vrv2034
B10vrv2034B10vrv2034
B10vrv2034
 
B10vrv2031
B10vrv2031B10vrv2031
B10vrv2031
 

Dernier

P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfYu Kanazawa / Osaka University
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxraviapr7
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17Celine George
 
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxEduSkills OECD
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.EnglishCEIPdeSigeiro
 
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.raviapr7
 
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 SalesHow to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 SalesCeline George
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational PhilosophyShuvankar Madhu
 
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming ClassesHuman-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming ClassesMohammad Hassany
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfTechSoup
 
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfMohonDas
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxAditiChauhan701637
 
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxDr. Santhosh Kumar. N
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...CaraSkikne1
 

Dernier (20)

P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
 
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdfPersonal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
 
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
 
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
 
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quizPrelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
 
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 SalesHow to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
 
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming ClassesHuman-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
 
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quizFinals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
 
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
 
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
 

Ch9bppt hormones honors

  • 1. PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Endocrine System 9 PART A Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 2. The Chemistry of Hormones  Hormones are classified chemically as  Amino acid–based, which includes  Proteins  Peptides  Amines  Steroids—made from cholesterol  Prostaglandins—made from highly active lipids Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 3. Mechanisms of Hormone Action  Hormones affect only certain tissues or organs (target cells or target organs)  Target cells must have specific protein receptors  Hormone-binding alters cellular activity Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 4. The Chemistry of Hormones  Two mechanisms in which hormones act  Direct gene activation  Second-messenger system Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 5. Direct Gene Activation (Steroid Hormone Action)  Diffuse through the plasma membrane of target cells  Enter the nucleus  Bind to a specific protein within the nucleus  Bind to specific sites on the cell’s DNA  Activate genes that result in synthesis of new proteins Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 6. Steroid hormone Nucleus Cytoplasm Receptor protein Hormone-receptor complex DNA mRNA New protein Plasma membrane of target cell PLAY Steroid Hormone Figure 9.1a Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 7. Second-Messenger System (Nonsteroid Hormone Action)  Hormone binds to a membrane receptor  Hormone does not enter the cell  Sets off a series of reactions that activates an enzyme  Catalyzes a reaction that produces a secondmessenger molecule  Oversees additional intracellular changes to promote a specific response Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 8. Nonsteroid hormone (first messenger) Cytoplasm Enzyme ATP cAMP Receptor protein Plasma membrane of target cell Second messenger Effect on cellular function, such as glycogen breakdown PLAY Nonsteroid Hormone Figure 9.1b Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 9. Control of Hormone Release  Hormone levels in the blood are mostly maintained by negative feedback  A stimulus or low hormone levels in the blood triggers the release of more hormone  Hormone release stops once an appropriate level in the blood is reached Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 10. Control of Hormone Release  Hormone levels in the blood are mostly maintained by negative feedback  A stimulus or low hormone levels in the blood triggers the release of more hormone  Hormone release stops once an appropriate level in the blood is reached Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings