Con il presente elaborato voglio dimostrare come le discipline che fanno parte della Geomatica consentono di reperire e gestire dati durante una situazione d’emergenza, realizzando un prodotto cartografico in tempi brevi, utilizzabile da utenti esperti come aiuti umanitari e protezione civile ma anche da persone non professioniste.

1. Geomatics for emergency management:
Data acquisition using UAVs
and Rapid Mapping production
Ingegneria I
Ingegneria per l’Ambiente e il Territorio
Luglio 2015
Relatore:
Prof. Piero Boccardo
Candidato:
Salvatore Morreale
Tesi di laurea magistrale
POLITECNICO
DI TORINO

2. GENERAL OVERVIEW
GEOMATICS
Terrestrial Photogrammetry
Aerial Photogrammetry
Remote sensing
Geographic Information System
Global Position System
Laser Scanning
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS RAPID MAPPING
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3. EARLY WARNING
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
EARLY IMPACT
SEARCH AND RESCUE
MONITORING
SHOCK
FLOOD
EARTHQUAKE
STORM
LANDSLIDE
WILDFIRE
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
FRANCIA
ITALIA
RUSSIA
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4. Vulnerability Analysis
Immediate emergency response
Post-Disaster Analysis
Exercises on site and in the laboratories
Rapid mapping using satellite data and UAVs
Digital Photogrammetry
Laser Scanning
Remote Sensing
WebGis
Who?
ACTIVITIES AND AIMS 3 di 18

5. Floods
6th November 1994
15th October 2000
ACTIVITIES AND AIMS
Where and When?
What and Why?
Morano sul Po (AL)
Luglio 2014
- CARTOGRAPHIC PRODUCT
- STANDARD APPROACH TO USE IN REALITY
- EVALUATION OF THE TIMING AND ACCURACIES
- SIMULATION OF A DISASTER
- UAVs SURVEYS and GEOMATICS TECHNIQUES
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6. MEETING
BREAFING
ANALYSIS OF THE AREA
EVENT 1 : Industrial Accident
Area: 400 m x 400 m
UAV: HexaKopter
EVENT 2: Flood
Area: 1000 m x 500 m
UAV: eBee
1. PREPARATORY PHASES
Meeting Place
Base Camp
UAV Take off
and landing
TIME: 20’
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7. 1. PREPARATORY PHASES
MEETING WITH THE CIVIL PROTECTION
ARRIVE AT THE BASE CAMP
INSTALLATION GROUND STATION
UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)
Provincial Mobile Unit
Laptops
eBee
(fixed wing)
HexaKopter
(multi-rotor)
TIME: 15’
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8. POSITIONING OF THE MARKERS
ACQUISITION DATA WITH SMARTPHONE
TIME: 30’ Accuracy: 3 - 4 m
Nokia Lumia 1020
App: GPS-satellite
Samsung S5
App: U-center
16 Markers
Wood Panels
50 cm x 50 cm
High-cromatic contrast
HexaKopter
eBee
2 Smartphone
Coordinates - Smartphone Survey
n° Longitude [E] Latitude [N] Altitude [m]
1 45.161542 8.376118 109
2 45.161162 8.378744 125
3 45.161069 8.381048 119
4 45.159800 8.380348 126
5 45.160442 8.378693 168
6 45.160593 8.378110 168
7 45.159697 8.377926 167
8 45.159613 8.379187 163
9 45.159282 8.380085 157
10 45.159662 8.377111 118
11 45.163099 8.382845 114
12 45.162818 8.375848 123
13 45.161769 8.370627 122
14 45.160768 8.370742 124
15 45.159115 8.370845 127
16 45.161333 8.376059 121
2. PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEY 7 di 18

9. Camera Sony Nex 5Sensors
Company MikroKopter
6 Brushless Motors
6 Propellers
Sensors
4 LiPo – 14.8 V
Payload 0,8 – 1 Kg
Diameter 60 cm
Weight 1 Kg
HexaKopter
The GPS Navi-Control board is a key component and provides an autopilot
that can control the position and course of the Kopter. It provides a Position
Hold and Come Home feature, as well as the capability for autonomous
flight between Waypoints.
The Flight Control contains the main processor for receiving and
interpreting commands sent by the pilot for the flight’s execution and
numerous sensors to correct the navigation according to the observed
conditions:
-tri-axial Gyroscope (rotation speed)
-tri-axial Accelerometer (acceleration)
-Altimeter (height)
6 Brushless Controls cards have the purpose to regulate each motor.
Features
3. ACQUISITION DATA : UAVs 8 di 18

10. Company Sensfly
1 Brushless Motor
1 Propeller
Sensors
3 LiPo – 11.3 V
Payload 0,15 Kg
Wingspan 60 cm
Weight 690 g
The Central body is the core of the eBee and includes all the electronics,
actuators and communications hardware on-board the drone.
The Data Link Antenna is used by the drone to communicate with the
software.
The Pitot probe is the sensor used to detect airspeed, wind and altitude.It
must be kept clean and clear of obstructions to function properly.
The Status LED displays the current state of the eBee. It is housed
underneath the pitot probe and thus illuminates the entire transparent
probe in various colors depending on the drone’s state.
The Ground sensor, composed of a high-speed optical sensor and lens
assembly, is used to detect the proximity of the ground.
eBee Sensors Canon Ixus 127 HS
Features
3. ACQUISITION DATA : UAVs 9 di 18

11. Flight Height [m] Digital Camera Stripes Images GSD [cm]
Time
Planning
Time
Flight
1 - HexaKopter 70 Sony Nex 5 8 190 2.2 6’ 13’
2 - HexaKopter 150 Sony Nex 5 4 160 5 5’ 9’
3 - eBee 200 Canon ixus 127 HS 7 160 5 13’ 17’
3. ACQUISITION DATA
The MikrokopterTool-OSD eMotion
WayPoint
Generator
Display Map
WayPoint Editor
Mission
Planning Tab Map Area
PLANNING
FLIGHT
TIME
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12. Geodetic National Reference System
UTM WGS84 ETRF 2000
Add Photos
Align Photos
Accuracy: Low
Build Dense Cloud
Quality: Low
Depth filtering: Aggressive
Build Mesh
Surface type: Height field
Source Data: Sparse Cloud
Build Texture
Mapping mode: Orthophoto
Blending mode: Mosaic
Not Georeferenced
Orthophoto
+
Coordinates Smartphone
=
Georeferenced Orthophoto
4. DATA PROCESSING – ON SITE
DOWNLOAD DATA
CONVERSION COORDINATES
CREATION ORTHOPHOTO
DISTRIBUTION OF THE FINAL PRODUCT
CartLab
Agisoft PhotoscanTIME: 2h
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13. 4. DATA PROCESSING – ON SITE
Hexakopter Flight – 70 m
Image raster Ground Control Points Location Digital Surface Model
Image Overlap Camera Data
Survey Data
Control Points
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14. 4. DATA PROCESSING – ON SITE
Hexakopter Flight – 150 m
Image raster Ground Control Points Location
Image Overlap Camera Data
Survey Data
Digital Surface Model
Control Points
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15. 4. DATA PROCESSING – ON SITE
eBee Flight – 200 m
Image raster Camera Location Digital Surface Model
Image Overlap Camera Data
Survey Data
Average camera
Location error
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16. Hexakopter Data was sent in
the Geomatics laboratory
The orthophotos were shared by means of WMS
services, thanks to the ftp servers inside the
Provincial Mobile Unit of the Civil Protection.
5. DATA TRANSMISSION AND REMOTE PROCESSING
TIME: 2 h 35’
DISTRIBUTION OF THE FINAL PRODUCT
SEND DATA IN REMOTE LOCATION
CREATION NEW ORTHOPHOTOS
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17. FINAL RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
TIMING
Preparatory Phases
Photogrammetric Survey
Data Processing
Acquisition Data
First useful data:
4 hours
ACCURACIES
App U-center
Coordinates “RTK Survey””[m]
n Longitude Latitude Altitude
1 450967,885 5001083,470 117,192
2 451169,300 5001037,246 116,622
3 451352,114 5001025,564 116,310
4 451295,155 5000887,812 116,605
5 451168,820 5000958,750 116,572
6 451121,424 5000977,090 116,183
7 451104,411 5000876,263 118,045
8 451204,835 5000866,991 117,233
9 451275,719 5000829,846 116,647
10 451043,093 5000874,818 115,692
11 451493,225 5001252,340 119,802
12 450947,904 5001223,993 119,891
13 450531,368 5001111,694 120,435
14 450543,504 5000995,237 116,035
15 450548,992 5000815,971 117,159
16 450960,482 5001059,867 119,851
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18. EMERGENCY RAPID MAPPING
• Fast data acquisition
•New technologies of Geomatics (UAVs)
• Short time of Processing
• Not rigorous in terms of metric
• Accurate to describe the catastrophic event
•Cheap to be produced
• Wide areas
•Restrictions by ENAC Regulations
• Expert Users
• Improvement in accuracy of smartphone
• Better identification of markers
• Smartphone onboard UAVs
FINAL RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Issues to face
Possible futures improvements
Results
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19. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Luglio 2015
Salvatore Morreale
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