1. University - Azerbaijan University of Languages
Master student - Samira Hashimzadeh
Group - 203
Year - 2012

2.  From the Latin, "own, personal, private"
 A set expression of two or more words
that means something other than the
literal meanings of its individual words.
 Idioms are characterized by a double
sense: (a)the current meanings of
constituent words build up a certain
picture, but (b) the actual meaning of the
whole unit has little or nothing to do with
that picture, in itself creating an entirely
new image.
 An idiom behaves as a single semantic
unit.

5.  People use idioms to make their
language richer and more colorful and to
convey subtle shades of meaning or
intention. Idioms are used often to
replace a literal word or expression, and
many times the idiom better describes
the full nuance of meaning.
 On the other hand, oral or written
speech lacking idioms loses much in
expressiveness, colour and emotional
force.

6.  "Ifnatural
language had
been designed
by a logician,
idioms would not
exist."
Philip Johnson-Laird
(Professor at Princeton
University)

9.  Idioms and idiomatic expressions
can be more precise than the
literal words, often using fewer
words but saying more. For
example, the expression it runs in
the family is shorter and more
succinct than saying that a
physical or personality trait is fairly
common throughout one's
extended family and over a
number of generations.

10.  "Idioms, in general, are deeply
connected to culture. Agar (1991)
proposes that biculturalism and
bilingualism are two sides of the same
coin. Engaged in the intertwined process
of culture change, learners have to
understand the full meaning of idioms."

14. Levels of Transparency
 Idioms vary in transparency: that is,
whether their meaning can be derived
from the literal meanings of the
individual words. For example, make up
[one's] mind is rather transparent in
suggesting the meaning 'reach a
decision,' while kick the bucket is far
from transparent in representing the
meaning 'die.'"

15. Misunderstanding
1. Kirk: If we play our cards right, we may
be able to find out when those whales
are being released.
Spock: How will playing cards help?
2. Tom: What would you do if you were in
my shoes?
Tim: Polish them!

16. Practice!
1. Between the devil and the deep sea;
2. To have one's heart in one's boots;
3. to wear one's heart on one's sleeve;
4. into the blue;
5. once in a blue moon;
6. To let the cat out of the bag;

17. What do we mean when we
say:
 An idiom has a "double" meaning
 To break the ice
 Cost a bomb
 Crocodile tears
 Fall for someone
 Every inch a (something)

18. Find the right answer.
1. bottom line 3. thinking on my feet
a.) an easy task a.) considering all options
b.) the main point b.) without advance planning
c.) the best solution c.) with careful preparation
d.) a minor point d.) not paying attention to
details
4. be on the same page
2. play devil’s advocate a.) to have the same problem
a.) argue the opposite point again
b.) obtain or extract with b.) to understand or follow
effort along
c.) make fun of someone c.) to be close to or like
someone
d.) understand something
completely d.) to be where the action is