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Hydro Power   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How Hydropower Works! ,[object Object]
How Hydropower Works! (ctd…) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
POTENTIAL
Potential ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Continent Wide distribution 19390 44280 WORLD 1430 4360 EUROPE 390 1500 OCEANIA 7530 20486 ASIA 3780 5670 LATIN AMERICA 3120 6150 N. AMERICA 3140 10118 AFRICA TECHNICAL POTENTIAL (TWh) THEORETICAL POTENTIAL (TWh) REGION
Top ten countries (in terms of capacity) 77500 77500 FRANCE 22083 82237 INDIA 27229 84500 JAPAN 27528 121824 NORWAY 44000 160500 RUSSIA 65000 204300 CHINA 57517 285603 BRAZIL 79511 319484 USA 66954 341312 CANADA 4000 527000 TAJIKISTAN INSTALLED CAPACITY (GW) POWER CAPACITY (GWh) COUNTRY
UNDP estimates ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Continued… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Global Installed Capacity
Under Construction…
The Indian Scenario ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Continued … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
India’s Basin wise potential 148701 84044 Total  66065 34920 Brahmaputra 14511 9532 East flowing 9430 6149 West flowing 4152 2740 Central Indian rivers 20711 10715 Ganga 33832 19988 Indus Probable installed capacity  (MW) Potential at 60%LF (MW) Rivers
Region wise status of hydro development 5294 16.7 14003 84044 INDIA  310 1.2 389 31857 NORTH  EAST 339 24.5 1369 5590 EAST 632 53.9 5797 10763 SOUTH 1501 32.7 1858 5679 WEST 2514 15.2 4591 30155 NORTH UNDER DEVELOPMENT % DEVELOPED POTENTIAL DEVELOPED (MW) POTENTIAL ASSESSED (60% LF) REGION
Major Hydropower generating units   770 ANDHRA PRADESH SRISAILAM 810 KARNATAKA KALINADI 891 KARNATAKA SHARAVATHY 990 HIMACHAL PRADESH DEHAR 920 MAHARASHTRA KOYNA 960 ANDHRA PRADESH NAGARJUNA 1100 PUNJAB BHAKRA CAPACITY (MW) STATA NAME
Installed Capacity 101630.08 2860 1269.63 72358.67 25141.78 INDIA 1802.41 0 0.16 1122.32 679.93 N.EAST 16069.19 0 1.10 13614.58 2453.51 EAST 25183.95 780 917.53 14116.78 9369.64 SOUTH 31067.7 760 346.59 25653.98 4307.13 WEST 27462.81 1320 4.25 17806.99 8331.57 NORTH TOTAL NUCLEAR WIND THERMAL HYDRO REGION
Region wise contribution of Hydropower 24.74 INDIA 37.72 NORTH-EAST 15.27 EAST 37.2 SOUTH 13.86 WEST 30.34 NORTH PERCENTAGE REGION
Annual gross generation (GWh) 74346 00/01 80533 99/2000 82690 98/99 74582 97/98 68901 96/97 72579 95/96 82712 94/95 70643 93/94 69869 92/93 72757 91/92 71641 90/91 51021 85/86 GROSS GENERATION YEAR
 
Potential of Small Hydropower ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Small Hydro in India 599.47 MAHARASHTRA 652.51 KARNATAKA 1207.27 JAMMU & KASHMIR 1472.93 UTTAR PRADESH & UTTARANCHAL 1624.78 HIMACHAL PRADESH 1059.03 ARUNACHAL PRADESH TOTAL CAPACITY (MW) STATE
Sites (up to 3 MW) identified by UNDP   1010 1366 TOTAL 465 640 NORTH EAST 175 164 EAST 370 562 NORTH CAPACITY TOTAL SITES  STATE
Small Hydro in other countries ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TECHNOLOGY
Technology Hydropower Technology Impoundment Diversion Pumped  Storage
Impoundment facility
Dam Types  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Arch Dams ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Concrete Gravity Dams ,[object Object],[object Object]
Buttress Dams ,[object Object],[object Object]
Embankment Dams ,[object Object],[object Object]
Dams Construction
Diversion Facility ,[object Object],[object Object]
Pumped Storage  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Pumped Storage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Raccoon Mountain project
Sizes of Hydropower Plants ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Large Scale Hydropower plant
Small Scale Hydropower Plant
Micro Hydropower Plant
Micro Hydropower Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Generating Technologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Impulse Turbines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pelton Wheels ,[object Object],[object Object]
Pelton Wheels (continued…) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cross Flow Turbines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cross Flow Turbines (continued…) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reaction Turbines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Propeller Hydropower Turbine ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bulb Turbine ,[object Object]
Others… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kaplan Turbine ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Francis Turbines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Francis Turbines (continued…) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kinetic Energy Turbines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hydroelectric Power Plants in India Baspa II   Binwa
Continued … Gaj   Nathpa Jakri
Continued… Rangit   Sardar Sarovar
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Benefits … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Disadvantages ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Loss of land ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],2000000 China Three Gorges 70000  India Narmada Sardar Sarovar  78000  Ghana Volta 120000  Egypt Aswan  383000  China  Danjiangkou  POPULATION DISPLACED COUNTRY HYDROPLANT
Interference with Sediment transport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1.6 Nile 2.3 Amur 16.6 Colorado 37.6 Yellow River Kg/m 3 RIVER
Effects ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Climatic and Seismic effects ,[object Object],[object Object]
Some major/minor induced earthquakes 4.9 240 155 FRANCE MONTEYNARD 5.0 2100 118 NEW ZEALAND BENMORE 6.1 10500 105 CHINA HSINFENGKIANG 6.3 4650  165 GREECE KREMASTA 6.5 2780 103 INDIA KOYNA MAGNITUDE VOLUME OF RESERVOIR (m 3 ) HEIGHT (m) COUNTRY DAM NAME
Eutrophication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Other problems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Methods to alleviate the negative impact ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Case Study- Volta Lake, Ghana ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Favorable impact ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Negative Impact ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Technological advancements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Continued… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ECONOMICS OF HYDRO POWER
Global HP Economics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Local HP Economics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Construction Costs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Production Costs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cost and Revenue of HP
Comparison with CCGT
Parameters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Payback
Effect of discounting payback
Effect of discounting payback: CCGT
Discounting and NPV ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Unit cost ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Small HP costs ,[object Object],[object Object]
Small HP costs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Typical costs of 100KW plant 53 - 135 58 - 165 Total:  ________________ ________________   8 - 15 8 - 15 External (no grid connection) 10 - 20 10 - 20 Electrical works 20 - 40 10 - 40 Civil works 15 - 60 30 - 90 Machinery       £1000s £1000s   High head Low head
Sardar Sarovar Dam ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Environmental Protection measures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rehabilitation & Resettlement ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Three Gorges Project ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Some Facts…. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Environmental and Other Concerns ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
THANK YOU

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Final

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 5.
  • 6. Continent Wide distribution 19390 44280 WORLD 1430 4360 EUROPE 390 1500 OCEANIA 7530 20486 ASIA 3780 5670 LATIN AMERICA 3120 6150 N. AMERICA 3140 10118 AFRICA TECHNICAL POTENTIAL (TWh) THEORETICAL POTENTIAL (TWh) REGION
  • 7. Top ten countries (in terms of capacity) 77500 77500 FRANCE 22083 82237 INDIA 27229 84500 JAPAN 27528 121824 NORWAY 44000 160500 RUSSIA 65000 204300 CHINA 57517 285603 BRAZIL 79511 319484 USA 66954 341312 CANADA 4000 527000 TAJIKISTAN INSTALLED CAPACITY (GW) POWER CAPACITY (GWh) COUNTRY
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. India’s Basin wise potential 148701 84044 Total 66065 34920 Brahmaputra 14511 9532 East flowing 9430 6149 West flowing 4152 2740 Central Indian rivers 20711 10715 Ganga 33832 19988 Indus Probable installed capacity (MW) Potential at 60%LF (MW) Rivers
  • 15. Region wise status of hydro development 5294 16.7 14003 84044 INDIA 310 1.2 389 31857 NORTH EAST 339 24.5 1369 5590 EAST 632 53.9 5797 10763 SOUTH 1501 32.7 1858 5679 WEST 2514 15.2 4591 30155 NORTH UNDER DEVELOPMENT % DEVELOPED POTENTIAL DEVELOPED (MW) POTENTIAL ASSESSED (60% LF) REGION
  • 16. Major Hydropower generating units 770 ANDHRA PRADESH SRISAILAM 810 KARNATAKA KALINADI 891 KARNATAKA SHARAVATHY 990 HIMACHAL PRADESH DEHAR 920 MAHARASHTRA KOYNA 960 ANDHRA PRADESH NAGARJUNA 1100 PUNJAB BHAKRA CAPACITY (MW) STATA NAME
  • 17. Installed Capacity 101630.08 2860 1269.63 72358.67 25141.78 INDIA 1802.41 0 0.16 1122.32 679.93 N.EAST 16069.19 0 1.10 13614.58 2453.51 EAST 25183.95 780 917.53 14116.78 9369.64 SOUTH 31067.7 760 346.59 25653.98 4307.13 WEST 27462.81 1320 4.25 17806.99 8331.57 NORTH TOTAL NUCLEAR WIND THERMAL HYDRO REGION
  • 18. Region wise contribution of Hydropower 24.74 INDIA 37.72 NORTH-EAST 15.27 EAST 37.2 SOUTH 13.86 WEST 30.34 NORTH PERCENTAGE REGION
  • 19. Annual gross generation (GWh) 74346 00/01 80533 99/2000 82690 98/99 74582 97/98 68901 96/97 72579 95/96 82712 94/95 70643 93/94 69869 92/93 72757 91/92 71641 90/91 51021 85/86 GROSS GENERATION YEAR
  • 20.  
  • 21.
  • 22. Small Hydro in India 599.47 MAHARASHTRA 652.51 KARNATAKA 1207.27 JAMMU & KASHMIR 1472.93 UTTAR PRADESH & UTTARANCHAL 1624.78 HIMACHAL PRADESH 1059.03 ARUNACHAL PRADESH TOTAL CAPACITY (MW) STATE
  • 23. Sites (up to 3 MW) identified by UNDP 1010 1366 TOTAL 465 640 NORTH EAST 175 164 EAST 370 562 NORTH CAPACITY TOTAL SITES STATE
  • 24.
  • 26. Technology Hydropower Technology Impoundment Diversion Pumped Storage
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52.
  • 53.
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56. Hydroelectric Power Plants in India Baspa II Binwa
  • 57. Continued … Gaj Nathpa Jakri
  • 58. Continued… Rangit Sardar Sarovar
  • 60.
  • 61.
  • 62.
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.
  • 66.
  • 67. Some major/minor induced earthquakes 4.9 240 155 FRANCE MONTEYNARD 5.0 2100 118 NEW ZEALAND BENMORE 6.1 10500 105 CHINA HSINFENGKIANG 6.3 4650 165 GREECE KREMASTA 6.5 2780 103 INDIA KOYNA MAGNITUDE VOLUME OF RESERVOIR (m 3 ) HEIGHT (m) COUNTRY DAM NAME
  • 68.
  • 69.
  • 70.
  • 71.
  • 72.
  • 73.
  • 74.
  • 75.
  • 77.
  • 78.
  • 79.
  • 80.
  • 83.
  • 86. Effect of discounting payback: CCGT
  • 87.
  • 88.
  • 89.
  • 90.
  • 91.
  • 92. Typical costs of 100KW plant 53 - 135 58 - 165 Total: ________________ ________________   8 - 15 8 - 15 External (no grid connection) 10 - 20 10 - 20 Electrical works 20 - 40 10 - 40 Civil works 15 - 60 30 - 90 Machinery       £1000s £1000s   High head Low head
  • 93.
  • 94.
  • 95.
  • 96.
  • 97.
  • 98.
  • 99.
  • 100.
  • 101.