This document defines and provides examples of various figures of speech, including simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, litotes, understatement, metonymy, and symbolism. It explains that figures of speech lend force to language and make writing more interesting for readers. Each figure of speech is defined and an example is given to illustrate its use.

2. Presented
By:
SAMI –UR- REHMAN
AHSON KHAN
SOHAIL JAN
UMER FAROOQ
ASIF MURTAZA

3. FIGURES OF SPEECH:
Function:
The function of figures of
speech is to lend force, to bring stress in
a sentence, to make it easier for a reader.

4. The figures of speech are:
Simile
Metaphor
Personification
Hyperbole
Litotes
Understatement
Metonymy
Symbolism

5. 1. Simile:
It is that type of figure of speech in which an
indirect comparison is made between two
different objects with use of the word “like”
or “as”.
e.g.
Asad runs like a rabbit.
He is as brave as lion.

6. 2: Metaphor:
It is that type of figure of
speech in which direct comparison is made
between two different objects without use of
the word “as” or “like”.
e.g.
Asad is a lion.
Quaid-e-Azam is the Pillar of the state.
Camel is ship of the desert.

7. 3: Personification:
It is that type of figure of speech in
which human characteristics are given to Ideas ,
Animals or Objects.
e.g.
 The stars danced playfully in the moonlit sky.
The fire ran wild.
 My house is a friend who protects me.

8. 4. Hyperbole:
It is type of figure of speech in which
an exaggeration or over-statement is made to
illustrate a point.
e.g.
 He is older than the hills.
I am so hungry I could eat a horse.
This car goes faster than the speed of light.

9. 5 . Litotes:
A figure of speech which deliberate
understatement especially when expressing a
thought by negating its opposite
e.g.
New York is not an ordinary city.
She is not unlike her mother.
I cannot disagree with your point of veiw.

10. 6 . Under statement:
It is the figure of speech use to
express the feelings or the effect less than the
expected.
e.g.
I will be their in one minute.
He has a very small disease of lung cancer.

11. 7. Metonymy:
A figure of speech in which a
part represent a whole or a whole represent a
part.
e.g.
England decides to keep check on
immigration. (England refers to the
government.)
Let me give you a hand. (Hand means help.)

12. 8. Symbolism:
it is the figure of speech that
has meaning in its self but stand for
something other.
e.g.
Desert (life full of tragedies).
A Dove (symbol of peace).