Globalization in the 1990s led to rapid growth in India's exports. Exports increased 10-fold from 1991 to 2008, though growth rates varied annually. While imports increased faster than exports, leading to a trade deficit. Major exported products shifted from primary to secondary goods. Exports of textiles, gems and jewelry, engineering goods, and petroleum products increased substantially. The secondary sector outpaced growth in the primary sector over time, contributing more to overall export growth under globalization.

1. CHANGES IN COMPOSITION AND DESTINATION OF EXPORTS & THE EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION ON INDIA’S EXPORTS

2. PRESENTED BY : SAYAN BOSE. DIVYA AGARWAL. PREETI DALMIA. SUJOY CHAKRABORTY. DEEP NANDY. DEBRAJ SAMANTA. RAHUL SURANA

4. devaluation of rupee

5. dismantling import license system

6. full convertibility on trade account

7. fiscal retrenchment and credit squeeze

8. abolition of export subsidies

10. trade openness, capital flows

11. low inflation

12. stable current account balance of payments

14. CONTINUED…… The amounts of exports as a percentage of amounts of imports have been declined from 92.0% in 1991-92 to 57.7% in 2008. This indicates that the flow of imports is much higher in contrast to flows of exports in the country during the globalization era. This leads to overall increase in trade in the economy.

15. MAJOR PRODUCTS PRIMARY (A) Leather products (B)Engineering goods Iron&Steel,Electronic goods (C)Gems and jewellery (D)Handicrafts (E)Textile and Textile products Cotton yarn, Woolen yarn,Jute,Carpets (F)Petroleum Products (E)Chemical Products Plastic,Rubber,Cosmetics (A)Agriculture and allied products Tea ,Coffee ,Rice ,Wheat, Cotton (B)Ores and Minerals Iron ore & Mica SECONDARY

16. EXPORT SINCE 1994-95 TILL 2008-09

17. PRIMARY Now let us have a look at the contribution of primary products i.e, agricultural and ores and minerals.This shows a steady rise since liberalization policy was implemented. (it rose from 13269.4 Rs.crore in 1994-95 to 116525.9 Rs core in 2008-09).

18. SECONDARY It includes sectors like leather, chemicals, engineering products, textile, gems and jewellery & handicraft items. This sector has shown a rise from 64067.1 Rs crore in 1994-95 to 566402.2 Rs.crore in 2008-09

19. PETROLEUM PRODUCTS This sector was contributing very less to the share of export of INDIA .It was 1309 Rs.crore in 1994-95 till 1010.6 RS.crore in2001-02,since then it has also started playing as a major player and in 2008-09 its share rose up to 123397.9

20. OTHERS There has been rise in other fields share in export of our country since 1994-95.in 2008-09 it contributed 34428.9 RS.crore.

21. A STUDY ON AGRICULTURE ,TEXTILE,TEA, MARINE PRODUCTS,LEATHER &GEMS AND JEWELLERY

22. TEXTILE

23. Indian textile is in huge demand in foreign markets particularly in countries like USA , UK & other countries of European union.They show a speedy rise since 1994-95 (22348.6 Rs.crore) to 2008-09( 92061.9 Rs.crore ) The Indian textile exports have increased from USD 12.45 billion in 2002-03 to USD 17.85 billion in 2005-06 and are estimated at USD 19.24 billion dollars in 2006-07. The exports are projected to grow at a rate of 22 per cent between 2007 and 2012 and are targeted to reach USD 55 billion by 2012, Elangovan said. Total investment in the textile industry between 2004-07 was around Rs.64,478 crore in India,he said adding it was expected to reach rs.1,50,600 crore by 2012.

24. AGRICULTURE

25. Since the success of GREEN REVOLUTION our country became self sufficient in food and agricultural products like tea, wheat, rice, cotton, spices etc. are exported to other counties owing to huge demand for them in international market. The following line graph shows the increase in agriculture in export from 1994-95 to 2008-09 (13269.4 RS.crore to 80648.9 RS.core).

26. TEA EXPORT IN INDIA

29. LEATHER INDUSTRY

31. The leather industry occupies a place of prominence in the Indian economy on account of its massive potential for employment, growth, and exports.

32. The exports of leather and leather products gained momentum during the past two decades. There has been a phenomenal growth in exports from Rs.320 million in the year 1965-66 to Rs.69558 million in 1996-97.

34. GEMS & JEWELLERY According to our research report “Indian Gems and Jewellery Market Forecast to 2013”, Presently, the country is considered as the major export hub of gems and jewellery to various geographical locations, including the USA(28%), the UAE(15%), and Hong Kong(21%). Exports from the industry yield US$ 17.1 billion in 2006-07 against US$ 16.64 billion in 2005-06, reflecting a growth of 26 %. While the diamonds accounted for 64 % of the total exports, gold jewelery accounted for 30.47 %, colored gem stones and others accounted for 1.44 % and 1.04 % respectively last year.

35. PRIMARY VS SECONDARY

38. RECOMENDATION Ramu S. Deora, president of the Federation of Indian Export Organisations, said-“The economic integration of India with the rest of the world has resulted in such exponential growth in India’s exports,”and also told that Indian exports were likely to touch the $500 billion-mark by (2014-15.)On sectoral growth in exports, the commerce secretary said that during the April-February period, exports of engineering goods surged 81 percent to $52.7 billion; gems and jewellery, 5.4 percent up at $26.9 billion;

39. petroleum oil and lubricants, 34 percent up at $32.9 billion; cotton yarn, 43 percent at $4.9 billion and electronics, 40 percent at $7 billion.Exports of plastic increased 41 percent at $4.1 billion; chemicals, 22 percent at $7.5 billion; leather, 11 percent at $3.3 billion; and marine products, 20 percent at $2.3 billion. So, here by we can substantially state that the impact of globalization is, however, multidimensional. RECOMENDATION

40. THAT’S ALL WE HAVE