The economics of backup 5 ways disk backup can help your business
1. The Economics of Backup
5 Ways Disk Backup with Deduplication
Improves Backup Effectiveness, Cost-
Efficiency and Data Protection
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2. The Paradox of Growing Storage
Requirements in a Recession
The environment for all businesses has changed dramatically in the past two years.
While many IT projects have been reduced along with budgets, the amount of data an
organization creates and must retain continues to grow.
ESG and other analysts report data growth in the range of 30% per year. A recent study
by IDC forecasts that over the next decade, the number of files will grow by a factor of
67, and storage capacity will grow by a factor of 30. IDC found that nearly 75% of data is
a copy of other data. This growth creates the paradox of a higher burden placed on a
vulnerable point in the storage architecture—the backup system—in recessionary times.
As data increases and more data resides on servers, executing successful daily
backups is becoming more difficult. For years, organizations have relied on tape as the
primary method of backing up critical data. However, managing tape and restoring data
from it can be extremely cumbersome, unreliable, time-consuming, and even costly.
Tape libraries, with their known reliability problems, have failed to keep up. Backup
times that exceed the available window leave critical data unprotected, and many
companies have yet to consider the ramifications of a failed restore until it was too late.
For a significant portion of companies and organizations, risk of failure remains high.
Those companies who have already moved to straight disk fronting a tape library are
limited by retention periods of typically 1-2 weeks, as the cost of disk becomes
prohibitive for greater periods, and they still have the burden of managing offsite tape.
IT professionals with responsibility for backup and recovery are looking to make
processes faster, more reliable, more automated, and less costly via the use of disk-to-
disk-to-disk (D2D2D) or disk-to-disk-to-tape (D2D2T). The efficiencies of server
virtualization are also now driving a need to more efficiently backup redundant data from
those virtualized servers. Using disk for backups is an excellent way to improve
performance and reliability and also reduce administrative time required to manage and
monitor backup and DR efforts for both physical and virtualized servers. But, for disk to
be practical, data deduplication is a necessary capability of a disk-to-disk solution.
Despite the clear operational advantages of disk backup with deduplication, it requires
an investment whose payback is often difficult to quantify. This whitepaper summarizes
the business imperatives behind the need for disk backup with deduplication and
identifies and explains the five key ways disk backup can help your business:
1. Faster Backup Times
2. Improved Recovery Time (RTO)
3. Better, Faster Offsite Disaster Recovery
4. Reduced Time, Cost, and Complexity
5. Reduce or Eliminate Failed Backups
A framework for viewing total cost-of-ownership in your existing environment is also
presented.
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3. Top Data Protection Challenges
Dealing with data growth, reducing backup and recovery times, and avoiding
unacceptable levels of data loss or downtime are the three main data protection
challenges for IT professionals who turn to ExaGrid, and these drivers are validated by a
results from recent ESG research.
Which would you characterize as the primary challenge for your organization? (Percent
of respondents, 100-999 employees, N=206, top 10 responses.
Although the use of disk solves some of the challenges of data growth, in the absence of
deduplication, the increased use of disk may increase spending on storage hardware as
more organizations seek to increase retention time of backup data on disk.
Data loss occurs much more frequently than most people may realize. According to
many industry researchers, the odds are against you if you do not backup your data
reliably every night:
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4. The downsides of failed backups and restores can affect virtually every person who
works within an organization or who does business with it. Users and customers are
negatively impacted, not to mention the IT department.
In one highly-publicized incident, a 2007 data backup failure by the
Alaska Department of Revenue wiped out data on a $38 billion account
and cost the state $200,000 to restore the data.
According to the National Computer Security Association, without adequate
backup it takes 21 days and $19,000 to recreate 20MB of lost accounting
data, and 42 days and $98,000 to recreate 20MB of lost engineering data.
A 2010 IT survey by Veeam Software found that failed server recoveries
cost the average enterprise more than $400,000 every year.
Why Moving to Disk Backup With
Deduplication Makes Business Sense
Disk backup with deduplication changes the economics of disk-based data protection.
Most importantly, it makes the transition from tape- to disk-based protection affordable
as it drives the total cost of ownership for disk-based backup closer to that of a tape
strategy.
Backing up data to disk is far more efficient when zone-level data deduplication
technology is deployed, minimizing the amount of data to be stored. Zone-level data de-
duplication stores only changes from backup to backup instead of storing full file copies.
For example, if a full 10TB backup is performed over ten weeks, 100TB of data is
backed up. But, with a disk-based backup product with deduplication such as ExaGrid,
the most recent full copy is stored and then only 200GB of byte-level changes are stored
for each previous backup, for about 1.8 TB of byte level changes. The total requires 6.8
TB of compressed and data-reduced data, or about 1/15th of the original data that needs
to be stored, saving not only disk space, but reducing the cost of long-term data
retention. Customers typically see storage efficiency gains ranging from 10:1 to 50:1.
Backup and restore times are dramatically faster with disk vs tape. With duplicate data
removed, companies seeking offsite disk-based DR do not need as much disk capacity
at the remote site and the replication process does not require high-capacity network
bandwidth infrastructure. IT management time on backup is minimized, and operational
costs for media, tape handling, tape library maintenance, storage and transportation are
typically eliminated. Disk also eliminates all of the reliability problems of tape that result
in failed backups and restores.
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5. 1. Faster Backup Times
While tape backup systems have been in use for many years, the slow speed of tape
backup devices is a major reason many organizations have looked for a better, faster
way to back up their data. One of the key reasons many organizations move to a disk
backup solution is in fact the inherent advantage of disk for faster backups. ExaGrid
customers see on average 40-90% faster backups vs tape. Moving from tape to disk will
get you faster backups, but it’s also important to choose the correct disk backup
approach and to ensure that you’ll continue to get faster backup times as your data
grows.
Hitachi Consulting reduced nightly backup time 75% with ExaGrid, from 12
hours to 3 hours. They also saved thousands of dollars in license/maintenance
fees vs tape and increased on-site retention to 30 days.
“The ExaGrid system was much more cost-effective than the other solutions …
ExaGrid’s customer support has been stellar. In fact, it’s been among the best
support I’ve had from any vendor I’ve worked with and I would put them up
against any other support organization in the industry.”
Brad Leonard, Network Engineer, Hitachi Consulting
Disk vs. Tape
While some would argue that some tape-based approaches might allow for a particular
backup job to move at rate on par with disk, the key advantage of disk-based backup
over tape is the ability to run a large number of backup jobs in parallel. The number of
backup jobs you can run via tape-based backup is only as high as the number of tape
drives in your tape library; at most four simultaneous backup jobs can target a four-drive
tape library, for example. This limit is much higher with disk – a 50TB ExaGrid system
can support up to 100 simultaneous backup jobs – and the ability to run this many
backup jobs in parallel will allow for much higher backup speeds with disk over tape.
Post-Process vs. Inline Deduplication
Once you have decided to move to a disk-based backup system, to achieve fastest
backup times, it is important to consider the various deduplication approaches available
when deciding which system to choose. This decision typically comes down to a choice
between inline deduplication and post-process deduplication.
With inline deduplication, backup data is sent to the disk backup system and is
processed and deduplicated as the data comes into the system. Since all of the data
coming into the system is being deduplicated on the fly, this can slow the backup down
significantly, potentially creating a bottleneck at the point of entry into the backup
system.
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6. Post-process deduplication allows backup data to be written to disk without any
processing interfering with the backup flow. A post-process system compresses and
deduplicates the data after the backup job has landed on the disk – not as the data is
coming into the system. This is the approach that the ExaGrid system uses. Since
nothing is done to the data as it comes into the ExaGrid system, the data can be written
at the highest possible rate, giving you the smallest possible backup window.
Planning for Growth
While it is desirable to strive for as short a backup window as possible today, it is also
important to keep that backup window short over time as your data grows. After all,
what good is a short backup window if it’s just going to get longer as your backup jobs
get bigger?
With some of the current appliance architectures, keeping the backup window short
while allowing for data growth means replacing your backup appliance with bigger and
more powerful models of that appliance. This occurs because many of these disk
backup systems use what is called a controller-disk shelf model, where all of the
processing power, memory, and bandwidth are on a single controller system, and
expansion occurs by simply adding shelves of disk (with no incremental addition of
controller components) to the system. This is not the best solution, as eventually your
data needs eventually outstrip the original controller component, and you end up
migrating to a system with a more powerful controller and start the process all over
again. The result is greater expense and greater management costs as you migrate your
data to ever-larger appliances as your data needs grow.
A better alternative is a grid-based system. With a grid-based system, each appliance in
the system brings with it not only additional disk, but also additional memory, bandwidth,
and processing power – all the elements needed to maintain high backup performance.
With ExaGrid’s grid-based disk backup system, keeping your backup window short as
your data grows is simply a matter of adding additional appliances to the grid. There is
no need to replace less powerful appliances with more powerful ones – you simply add
more appliances to the grid as your needs require. You get the shortest possible backup
times with the ability to easily keep those times short as your data grows over time.
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7. 2. Improved Data Recovery Time (RTO)
With tape-based data protection, the longest delays in recovering from a tape are often
due to the need to acquire, load, and restore data from the tapes containing the backed
up data. However, tapes are often lost, misplaced, or are otherwise faulty – and the
time it takes to complete a restore or recovery operation increases considerably if one or
more of the backup tapes is found to be corrupted or damaged. When this occurs, older
backup tapes must be used, resulting in a longer overall recovery process – and the
data finally restored to users and applications may be days or weeks old.
Architected for Fast Restores
When a vendor designs its disk-based backup appliance, it’s important to realize that
restores are extremely critical – especially restores that are a result of a major outage or
interruption in business operations. This was a major factor in ExaGrid’s implementation
of post-process deduplication, where backups are landed on disk in their entirety before
they are deduplicated. By keeping your most recent backup on disk and in its entirety,
such an appliance allows the restoring of that most recent backup to happen without
delay. The data does not have to be pulled off of a tape, and it does not have to be put
back together or “rehydrated” in order to be restored. This allows for extremely rapid
recovery and is in contrast to some of the other disk backup with data deduplication
solutions out there, where data is deduplicated inline. With an inline architecture, data
that is backed up is deduplicated on the fly, before landing to disk, and you could want
that backed-up data restored 30 seconds after your backup, but the dedupe effect would
have to be undone before you could access that data.
Improved Recovery Time at Local and Remote Sites
As a result, any time you do a backup to the local disk backup appliance that uses post-
process deduplication like ExaGrid, that most recent backup is retained in its entirety,
ready to be rapidly restored when needed. In addition, in the case of a two-site system,
the changes from backup to backup on a local site ExaGrid system are replicated
efficiently to an off-site system. In the event of a primary site disaster, it then takes just a
few seconds to initiate a data recovery process at the second site using the existing disk
backup with data deduplication application. A recent survey of ExaGrid customers found
96% recover files in under 30 minutes, and 86% recover files in under 15 minutes.
Gardner Trucking experienced a database failure several days after replacing
tape and deploying their ExaGrid System and recovered within hours.
“The ExaGrid system offered significantly better price/performance than other
solutions…and came in at approximately 25 percent the cost of competitive disk
backup solutions…We estimate that we would have lost approximately
$200,000 in business and productivity if we had to restore our database from
tape. The ExaGrid system more than paid for itself in the first two days.”
Gary Larson, CIO at Gardner Trucking
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8. 3. Better, Faster Offsite Disaster Recovery
The need for fast and simple restores to recover data during a site disaster is a business
imperative for many companies. As outlined in Section 2, tapes are often lost,
misplaced, corrupted or damaged, and the time required to complete the overall
recovery process if backup tapes from offsite are used is lengthened considerably. In
addition, the data finally restored may be as much as weeks old.
Fast and Simple Disaster Recovery Using Disk Backup System
With a disk backup system with data deduplication, an optional offsite disk-based
backup appliance can replace offsite tape and provide faster, more reliable data
recovery. The zone-level changes from backup to backup on a local site system are
replicated efficiently to an off-site system. Since it is only these zone-level changes that
are replicated, typically only about 2% of the backup traverses the WAN. In the event of
a primary site disaster, it takes just a few seconds to initiate a data recovery process at
the second site using the existing backup application.
In addition to facilitating the replacement of offsite tape, certain disk backup with data
deduplication systems (such as ExaGrid) also provide proprietary “instant DR”
technology for even faster recovery from an outage or disaster. With “instant DR,” when
a new backup at the primary site is replicated to the remote site by sending over just the
bytes that have changed, the remote site takes these changed bytes and combines
them with previous backups to create a complete copy of the most recent backup on the
remote site. Keeping this most recent backup intact and ready to be restored makes
disaster recoveries much faster, giving the customer “instant DR” should the need arise.
Central Minnesota Credit Union reduced backup times from 13 hours with
tape to 90 minutes with the ExaGrid, and has ExaGrid systems installed
at their main datacenter and a remote site.
“It’s amazing how fast our backups are now, and restores are quick too. With
tape, we had to request tapes from offsite storage and then go through the
whole process of restoring data. With the ExaGrid, we can restore information
with the touch of a button. We also found that we could have our two locations
managed by a single interface with error reporting and all the other bells and
whistles we were looking for.”
Mike Hinnenkamp, network administrator at CMCU
ExaGrid continues to stay on the cutting edge of offsite disk-based data protection
through the support of technologies such as Symantec OpenStorage API and Veeam’s
Instant VM Restore. Using ExaGrid disk-based backup with Symantec OpenStorage API
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9. provides a number of benefits, including unified control and access of backup data
stored on both local and remote ExaGrid systems, varied amounts of retention for on-
site versus off-site systems, simplified disaster recovery, and shorter backup windows.
ExaGrid’s support for the Veeam Instant Restore feature set means the backup data can
be leveraged in new ways as it is live on the network. Because ExaGrid is a post-
processing architecture that deliberately maintains intact copies of most recent backups,
with ExaGrid’s disk backup and Veeam’s Instant Restore, customers can initialize a VM
right off of the ExaGrid using Veeam. This allows ExaGrid to provide “primary storage
like” performance during the recovery. Competitive solutions that keep only the
deduplicated copies of this data will perform poorly (or not support the feature at all).
4. Reduced Time, Cost, and Complexity
ExaGrid’s disk-based backup appliance saves a significant amount of IT staff time for
users. Gone are the days of fighting with the tape library over jammed tapes, media
errors, and slow backups. And by reducing or eliminating the use of tape in your
environment, you can reduce costs.
Many IT professionals spend unnecessary time managing backups that are often not the
safety net they’re in theory supposed to be. Lengthy backup windows, unreliable tape,
questionable restores (you don’t really know if the data is there until you try to retrieve
it), and failed backup jobs all contribute to IT inefficiency and lack of backup integrity.
Dealing with tape is cumbersome and inefficient, taking valuable IT time that could better
be spent on other work. Add to the inefficiency the costs of maintaining a tape library,
the cost of tape, of offsite storage, retrieval costs, and more and for some companies
this spend is very high indeed.
Saving Time and Costs vs Tape
Companies that switch from tape to a disk-based system report saving time, valuable
resources, and money. ESG (2010 Data Protection Market Trends) reported that staff
costs represent nearly 30% of the data protection budget. And for some, meeting
compliance mandates is a business imperative not easily met with tape-based systems.
The whole point of backup is to perform restores, so there’s no doubt that it’s a critical
function in the IT space. Given this criticality, it would seem to make more sense to
invest less time and money in a system that will restore versus investing more time and
money in a system that may restore.
The voices that best articulate the value of an ExaGrid system belong to current ExaGrid
customers, as captured on the following page.
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10. James Richmond, Network Administrator at Niels Jensen, IT systems manager, at Fugro Data
Morningstar: Systems
“It got to the point where I spent the majority of “ExaGrid’s technology has exceeded our business
my day managing backups… I used to worry needs and expectations. As such, it has delivered
each night about backup jobs failing, especially outstanding value. Furthermore, from an
over the weekend. The ExaGrid system has taken operational point of view, the time savings are a
all of the worry and hassle out of our backups and huge hidden benefit. My team can deliver almost
it frees me up to do other things. The ExaGrid instant restores to people throughout the business
was also more cost-effective than the other - thus enabling them to deliver a better service to
solution evaluated.” Fugro customers. It also frees my team to focus
on other projects.”
Brice White, Director of IT at Strategic Hotels and Raquel Solomon, Network and Computer Support
Resorts: Specialist at City of Rancho Mirage:
“Strategic Hotels & Resorts had been backing up “Before we deployed the ExaGrid system,
to a cloud provider for the past eight years. We restores were a nightmare. We used to have to go
looked at a couple of products….On a dollar-for- through lots of disks or tapes to locate the correct
dollar basis, it was no contest. Strategic’s backup information and it took a considerable amount of
costs were averaging $12,000 to $14,000 and up time. It’s so easy to restore data from the
per month. The ROI with the ExaGrid was about ExaGrid.The information is all in one place and
three months. We’re saving over $150,000 per the actual restore process takes no time at all…”
year.”
Dave Treamer, Sr. Associate Storage Architect Jason Ostrowski, Manager of IT at NPS
Clifton Gunderson: Pharmaceuticals:
“We were being charged $220 per hour to have “Installing the ExaGrid system has saved NPS
someone at our co-location facility work on our nearly $1,500 per month in tape costs and tape
tape library. We had them swap tapes and usually storage fees, but the biggest cost savings is in the
called in three to four restore requests per day. It amount of time the IT staff saves in managing and
got expensive and it was time consuming. With administering tape backups and restores, and in
the ExaGrid, we’ve been able to reduce those meeting SOX compliance.”
costs considerably and our restores take no time
at all. Our users are thrilled with how fast we can
complete their restore requests…”
Network Administrator, U.S. Government Agency: Glenn Requierme, CIO at Vista Healthcare:
“The ROI we receive on purchasing this product “The other area where the ExaGrid has made a
has been unreal. It has reduced certain spending big impact in is with restores. Restoring data from
budget caps and allowed for future growth.” tape was a challenge because it was very labor
. intensive and took forever. With the ExaGrid,
restores take no time at all.”
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11. Savings vs Disk-to-Disk-to-Tape (D2D2T)
Beyond the time and cost savings described above, customers who have already put
disk behind the backup server to reduce backup windows also realize savings in the cost
of disk by moving backup from straight disk to disk backup with deduplication.
The approach of putting disk behind the backup server does solve the backup window
problem; however, with D2D2T it is only cost-effective to keep one to two weeks of
backups on disk. You still have to make tapes on-site to have retention of more than two
weeks. This problem is solved by using a disk-based backup system with data
deduplication. Not only does the cost prove more advantageous, but you can also keep
8, 10, 12 or even more weeks of retention. If you have 10TB of primary data to be
backed up and you pay $900 per TB for cheap SATA with two weeks of retention, a disk
backup system with data deduplication can typically match the price. If you pay $3,000
per TB for SAN storage, an ExaGrid disk backup with deduplication is typically less
expensive. A disk-based backup system with data deduplication from ExaGrid will cost
less and will hold up to 16 weeks of retention, eliminating both the disk staging and
onsite tape copies.
The City of Miami Beach was backing up using a combination of disk and tape but
turned to ExaGrid to reduce the costs of backing up to their SAN. The IT
department has differentiated retention policies for the wide array of data it
protects. Since installing the ExaGrid system, they have fine tuned the policies and
moved much of the data the City had been backing up to expensive SAN disk to
the ExaGrid system.
“The ExaGrid system has given us the ability to recover and redeploy disk that we
had been using for backups, and it has enabled us to get more data off SAN disk
and tape and onto other types of disk. That’s just better for us all around…We’re
now able to more comfortably back up our data within our backup windows
because we’re going to the ExaGrid instead of a combination of disk and tape. We
have fewer failures and we no longer exceed our backup window. Also, restores
are much easier with the ExaGrid system. It saves us a lot of time, and it’s much
more efficient.”
Chris Hipskind, Senior Systems Administrator at City of Miami Beach
Savings in Strategic IT Initiatives
It is well-known that despite the efficiency gains of server virtualization, virtual machine
disk (VMDK) images contain highly redundant data. This increases required storage
capacity. Disk backup with deduplication optimizes your virtualized server
implementations by eliminating the duplicate data and reducing storage capacity needs
by as much as 1000:1. Disk backup with data deduplication can also save costs in IT
initiatives such as data center consolidation, where deduplication reduces the amount of
storage capacity needed to support backup and disaster recovery.
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12. 5. Reduce or Eliminate Failed Backups
One of the most consistent challenges in backup operations is the prevalence of tape
backup failure. Estimates show that 15% to 30% of backups to tape-based media fail
while 30% or more of restores from tape fail.
The percentage is significantly higher if you broaden the definition of a backup failure.
While most people do not count a backup job that exceeds your backup window as a
failure, there is a pretty good argument that it is indeed a failure. Many organizations
have strict policies that backups cannot run after a certain hour and therefore any that
are still running are shut off. Even if you can allow them to keep running into the
business day, no one would advocate that you can sustain that mode of operation, so
“failure” is the right label.
Eliminate Tape Failures Without Throwing Your Library Out The Window
Because tape itself is at the heart of a lot of the failures organizations experience, it’s
hard to see a better future without taking tape out of the equation. However, there are
things that can be done to eliminate some of the failures associated with tape without
throwing your library out the window:
• Clean the tape drives at least as often as the vendor recommends. Like oil
changes, these guidelines represent a minimum amount of care required to
keep things running.
• Though costly, perform all required maintenance on the drives and library. Tape
systems are highly mechanical and require diligent attention to avoid
catastrophic failure.
• Bite the bullet and pay for the vendor technician to replace worn parts.
• When it’s done, it’s done. When the tape library just isn’t what it used to be, it’s
time to replace it.
With the advent of lower cost disk technologies combined with data deduplication, you
may find that some vendors (though not all) offer disk-based backup appliances that are
cost competitive with a tape library replacement. At ExaGrid, we have made it our
mission to rival tape library costs with our disk backup appliances.
Enter disk, exit the issues of tape and the associated backup failures. This includes the
“failures” where the backups jobs are simply not finishing during the window. Because
disk backup is faster than tape and supports greater concurrency, you will not only
eliminate media errors, jammed tape drives, and so on, you will see faster backups.
David Dunbar, CIO at Meridian Title Corporation:
“With the ExaGrid disk backup solution, it really is truly a ‘set it and forget it’
system. We’ve installed it. We’ve had successful backups since day one and
haven’t looked back since. And even more important than the successful
backups is that we’ve restored several times since adding ExaGrid and restores
have been a matter of minutes where literally it was hours before.”
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13. Conclusion
In these challenging economic times, every organization is looking to better leverage
their resources. Disk backup with deduplication delivers the most value in the backup or
data center infrastructure level and can deliver significant financial, operational and
business impact. Gains are realized by significantly reducing the footprint of backup data
on disk and over network bandwidth. Even greater operational benefits are seen in
reducing backup windows, ensuring the integrity of data backed-up, and eliminating the
time spent by IT solving backup problems and managing tape so staff can allocate time
to higher priority initiatives and increase their overall productivity. Faster recovery time
after a failure can avert costs to the business of up to hundreds of thousands of dollars
within days of the failure. The costs associated with running backups with tape libraries
are budgeted, so now IT management has the opportunity to redeploy those dollars and
resources to greater effect.
All evidence continues to point to accelerated data growth and a greater need for
fast, reliable backup systems despite an uncertain economic climate. Though the
situation appears complex, the facts reveal a relatively simple but powerful
solution is at the ready: dollars and time currently consumed by existing tape
libraries or straight disk with limited retention can be far better utilized by moving to fast,
reliable, highly scalable disk backup with data deduplication.
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14. Appendix: Total Cost of Ownership
Framework
Even if your IT department is not constructing an ROI to justify an ExaGrid disk backup
with deduplication system vs tape, many organizations find it helpful to assess the
current costs of their existing backup infrastructure. This spreadsheet, available in
Microsoft ® Excel from ExaGrid may be a useful tool for your analysis.
Tape Based Traditional BackupSolution Basis Growth Current Year 2 Year 3 Total
Rate Year
Backup Hardware
Current Tape Library Costs $ % $ $ $ $
Current Tape Library Maintenance $ % $ $ $ $
Tape Upgrade Hardware $ % $ $ $ $
Tape Upgrade Hardware Maintenance $ % $ $ $ $
Tape Media Cost (include annual refresh) $ % $ $ $ $
Professional Services Costs for Upgrades $ % $ $ $ $
Current Media Servers $ % $ $ $ $
Media Servers Growth or Upgrades $ % $ $ $ $
Media Server Maintenance $ % $ $ $ $
Backup Software
Software Maintenance $ % $ $ $ $
Software Upgrade (growth) $ % $ $ $ $
Virtualized Server Backup Costs (if applicable)
Virtual-specific Backup Software Maintenance % $ $ $ $
Virtual-specific Software Upgrade (growth) % $ $ $ $
Enterprise Backup VMWare Add-On $ % $ $ $ $
VMware Add-On Maintenance $ % $ $ $ $
VCB Proxy Server $ % $ $ $ $
VCB Proxy Server Maintenance $ % $ $ $ $
Offsite
Tape Transportation $ % $ $ $ $
Tape Storage $ % $ $ $ $
Replication Bandwidth (if applicable) $ % $ $ $ $
Labor/Staffing and "Soft" Costs
Weighted cost FTE (to manage tape backups $ % $ $ $ $
Impact of current time to recover files when
deletion/failure $ % $ $ $ $
Total $ $ $ $
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