A lovingly researched and presented document from an teacher of humanities on one very popular topic in the minds of students....Deep B has worked with students for 14 years to distil the very best of English grammar and he is available at the number +37190702922 to chat with anyone having problems with essays, writing report ,or grammar problems. All at nominal charges.

1. The Way To Mars:Can We Really Make
It?

2. The reality and the dream
This is the landscape which the human crew
first to visit Mars will have to face there
And this is how they are preparing for it,at
the IBPat Moscow.
The planet comes up at thousands of miles
in our dreams ,its red horizons gradually
taking over the whole of our
mindspace,filling us with ideas of what an

3. ideal world can be found, or made
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The writer of this
presentation,Deep B.is a teacher
of English at Elite
Academy,India,and is a keen
researcher into this and other
humanities topics and matters
related to English as well. For
any inputs for assignment term
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from a barren,red
desert. We don't care
whether there is actually
life on it . Its name occurs
at the end of every serious
discussion on how to manage the
burgeoning population of our planet or study
right now what happens to a world where a
drastic climate change has occured,from
Stephen Hawking's recent utterances in his

5. Discovery Channel series to Carl Sagan's
thoughts in the blockbuster 'Cosmos'thirty
years back.Mars is not only humanity's
favourite society and teenage thrill junkie
musing but at the same time the serious
objective of every presidential
announcement on space. Is Mars
omnipresentin our future? You bet! Are we
really there? This article is not so much
concerned about the unmanned robotic
exploration of Mars which has been on in
full swing in the last decade and a half(
recession be damned!),but what actually it
wouldbe like for a human colony to be set
up there and the strain and challenges of
getting a human crew there first. I had a
friend who had left school in standard eight
,and did petty jobs the check for which
never used to reach him. But give him a cool
and still night on a lonely rooftop (with me
beside him )and a night sky full of stars and

6. even he ,one of this world's cornered ones,
would loudly start wondering whether there
was actually life elsewhere in the universe
and ultimately where we might find the first
'aliens'(read:lifeforms), and the finger would
point straight to the reddish , still ,bright
point of light high in the sky named after the
Roman god of war ,painted with the brush of
our own imaginations hungry to place
everything bad (War of the Worlds,anyone
?)and good (see Percival Lowell)on the that
high dot so far and yet so earthlike to
us.Even to answer my friend's question
,however , it would simply not do to keep on
sending robots there (no, not even the Mars
Science Laboratory in 2011)but only an
actual human mission can answer the
question,where a geologist can actually dig
into the Martian soil and study it minutely
with the help of a hammer and a chisel(or a
variation thereof).

7. See all 7 photos
At lower right in this picture is the kind of
vehicle we will be driving on Mars
Even before we land on Mars, we might be
fried alive. There are high energy cosmic
rays in space which might very well do this
work. Our Sun is like a huge firestorm.....of
gamma and ultraviolet rays, there in the
middle of our solar system. So the first thing
that humans will have to face on a journey
to Mars is the issue of how not to get
fried,not only when they are on the journey
but also when they are on the surface of

8. Mars. Of course spacesuits(some of them
already in development) like the one worn
by the 'astronaut'in the picture above as part
of the 'Mars500'simulation currently under
way ,will do a good job in this department
But even the walls of a spaceship carrying
us there will have to be filled with some
kind of effective coolant or thick lead or
other buffering to protect us from the kind of
solar bursts which disrupt communications
even here in Earth's atmosphere, not to
mention Mars, where the force of this will
be thousands of times more .
So the big question is ,even before we land
there ,should we 'terraform' the planet, so
that its atmosphere and climate become
more like Earth's? We have to remember
that due to really tiny problems relating to
the way astronauts' spacesuits are designed
and structural flaws in spaceships we have
already lost precious lives in our space

9. program ( Remember about the Apollo 1 fire
of 1967 ,which nearly threatened to drag out
the moon program ,and the Columbia
disaster of 2003; then the tiles flaking off the
Discovery in July 2005?).A few more such
disasters ,especially on a high-risk, high-cost
multibillion dollar Mars mission and not
only the space program but actually the
entire human exploration of the universe as
we have ever known it will be questioned
and get over for ever. And let's not pretend
that after such a risky journey through space
we are not going there to settle .Human
exploration to Mars will ever succeed only
when there is a commercial reason,an
incentive, to go there ,which has to be the
exploitation of minerals like silver. So its
not just the exploration ,its the economy that
will do it for us.
Here, I am going to present a proposal
which I am going to call the 'Bis-

10. Ban'proposal after the initials of my own
name ,although parts of it incorporate a
Russian plan of the early 1970s: let there be
a spaceship which actually flies around
Venus and Mars with a human crew aboard
without actually landing on the red planet at
first. Let it be a one-off mission ,never to be
repeated . Of course the spaceship will
have to be big ,in order to take into
account some of the resources and
technology needed as well the radiation
problem. Seriously speaking, the more we
cram the spaceship with loads and loads of
cool technology , especially the kind of stuff
last seen aboard the H.M.S. Challenger in
its voyage around the world's oceans in
1872( oh yes,1872! some of our first
voyages were much more promising than the
kind of things we do with the tin -cans in
earth orbit these days),like alcohol flowing
through the pipes all over one portion of that

11. vessel to preserve things the way we might
use water as a coolant in long space voyages
in future, the better it will be. The
astronauts won't even be aboard the
spaceship on its first pass over Mars .They
would do well to board the spaceship only
when it has finished wringing around the
solar system for a dozen or less years like
the Galileo spacecraft did back in the mid-
90s on its voyage to Jupiter and returned for
a pass over low-earth orbit, and before they
go there the spaceship will have to
terraform the planet,orwould have started
to do so a good eight or five years before by
scattering the extra rain bearing silver iodide
or other chemical components,followed by
the oxygen producing micro-organisms .The
mission will be launched from Earth using
the lower energy transfer from Earth to Mars
which opens up every 26 months or so.The
spaceship will be our permanent answer to

12. all our problems about the costs and
technology and time and safety factors
involved in a Mars exploration program. It
will be like a semi-permanent slingshot
around the inner solar system, something
like a huge object going AWOL,(although it
really won't go AWOL and wont really be
permanent,not even decadal,in fact). It will
look something like the Russian design
(below) from the Early 1970s.

13. The 'tmk-mavr' was actually designed to fly
over Mars and Venus without the crew
landing there,back in 1971,but it never took
off because the N1 rocket which was to haul
this gigantic ship to earth orbit failed to
launch at the first attempt
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14. A martian habitat, which looks very much
like what humans might build there on their
very first stay
Once we are there on the surface of Mars the
following problems have to be dealt with:
1.Once again, the high energy radiations
reaching the Mars surface will be a
problem.This will be a problem even if a
spacecraft had gone there before the human
crew and started the process of terraforming,
as the buildup of an artificial atmosphere
will take time.Violent new climate patterns
might even erupt on a planet with a much
smaller equatorial diameter than Earth.

15. 2.Any human crew will have to remain in a
low gravity environment on the way to
Mars( something like a 250 day journey,not
counting the trip back and the time spent
there, which will make things even worse)
and once there( the gravity of Mars is 0.38g
,that is, much less than half that on the
surface of the Earth) . This may affect
everything ,from bone structure to
psychological moods of the humans on the
journey.
3. How to return after the initial activity
there will be a big problem. This can be
solved by producing methane and oxygen in
special tanks on the first few 'hubs'
(container shaped living spaces).,using the
Martian H2O (water ice,thatis,like the type
found by the scoop of the 'Phoneix'lander on
the surface in 2008-09)and the atmospheric
CO2(Carbon Dioxide) which can also be
used to grow plants in greenhouses

16. there.The initial set-up may look something
like below:
the present and the future
Picture of the trenches containing traces of
water ice dug by the 'Phoenix'lander on
Mars in 2008
A Mars orbit joining of the returning
spacecraft from the surface ,a
'rendezvous',which might be done using the

17. methane generated by the crew when they
would have been on the surface for a month
to six months previously
The biggest blow struck when the first
human spacecraft blasts off for Mars will,of
course ,be to the creationists and
fundamentalists, who neither believe that the
Earth originated much more than 6000 years
ago or that Neil Armstrong ever went to the
moon.Once actual human crew start landing
on a planet 119 million miles(58 million
kilometres) away and start digging the soil
there and relaying the finds all over the blue
planet through the medium of the internet,
the last vestiges of the frog-ponders will be
blown to bits. But will that day come before
2037? That's NASA's cut-off date for
landing humans on Mars.Yes, one can say
with certainty now that that day will come
before 2037 because of a new engine that
NASA has already developed as a prototype

18. and the testing of which is currently under
way. President BarackObama's space
policy formulated in April 2010 might have
been criticised by those who were favouring
an immediate return to the moon ,but look at
the new programme closely, and you will
see the seeds for some real change in our
approach to deep space missions :it talks
about investing more on research instead of
gaz-guzzling tin-cans like the space shuttle
wewereusingjustrecently,each mission of
which usedtocostsomething like 500 million
dollars.One of the first fruits of the new
research oriented approach is the money that
is going to be spent on objects like the
engine I referred to a little earlier above
,which will at first be used to shore up the
sagging International Space Station in low-
earth orbit by 2013 and then used to reduce
the journey time between Mars and Earth
from eight to just three months by installing

19. it aboard future Mars bound spacecraft.What
does the new engine fly on? Well, a stream
of neutrons ,of all things.Earlier, such'
prototypes' never used to fly. Now, they
might. On the day it does, my friend's
passionate question to me, "Is there life
elsewhere in the universe?",will finally
begin to have been answered. That's what
Stephen Hawking also, I suspect,thinks. Just
ask him.