this presentation deals with the types, formation, depletion, conservation of coal. it also includes the various advantages and disadvantages of it. other sources of energy are also include.

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Fire
Muscle power from animals
Wind & water usage
Steam engines powered by wood fires
Steam engines powered by coal
Now we use oil more because it is
easier to ship, store & burn.
Oil use peaked in 1979, so did prices
thanks to Arab oil embargo & Iranian
revolution.
1980’s began pursuing renewable
energies but then oil prices fell and
we went back to oil.
In 2000, OPEC decreased production
and prices went up to $30 per barrel
Now oil costs $90-$100 per barrel

7. • Biomass energy- It comes from plants and is a rich source of
carbon and hydrogen.
• Wind power- Advanced aerodynamics research has developed wind
turbines that can produce electricity at a lower cost than power
from polluting coal plants.
• Geothermal energy- It taps into the heat under the earth's crust to
boil water. The hot water is then used to drive electric turbines and
heat buildings.
• Hydroelectric power- It uses the force of moving water to produce
electricity.

8. • Coal- It is the largest source of fuel for electricity production,
and also the largest source of environmental harm.
• Oil- It is used primarily for transportation fuels, but also for
power production, heat and as a feedstock for chemicals.
• Natural gas- It is a relatively clean burning fossil fuel, used
mostly for space and water heating in buildings and running
industrial processes.
• Nuclear power- It harnesses the heat of radioactive materials to
produce steam for power generation.
• Solar energy- It is the power from the sun. It is inexhaustible.

10. A Conventional Source of energy is a natural resource which
cannot be produced, grown, generated, or used on a scale which
can sustain its consumption rate, once depleted there is no more
available for future needs. Also considered non-renewable are
resources that are consumed much faster than nature can
create them. Fossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum, and natural
gas), firewood, nuclear power(uranium) and certain aquifers
are examples.

15. 1.
2.
3.
Coal is used to run locomotive engines
It is used for heating.
In factories, coal is often used to run machines for
manufacturing electricity
4. Coal is also used for running other engines
5. Steel Industry is the second largest user of Coal
6. Coal is used as an energy source in the cement industry.
Large amounts of energy are required to produce cement
7. Paper Industry and Aluminum Industry require large
amounts of Fuel and Energy. Coal being the cheapest energy
resource forms an essential input to these industries
8. Several chemical products can be produced from the byproducts of coal.

17. • Coal can be found in lots of places in
the world.
• Coal can be easily transported to the
power stations.
• Coal is a very cheap as compared to
other energy sources.
• Electricity produced from coal is
reliable .
• Coal can be safely stored.
• It can create energy in time of
emergency .
• Renewable energy like solar energy
and wind energy depend on weather,
whereas coal does not depends on it.

18. • We have to create mines which can be dangerous.
• Transporting coal by lorry and train from the mine to
the power station causes pollution.
• Burning coal produces gases like sulphur dioxide which
lead to acid rain.
• Burning coal releases the most greenhouse gases
which may add to global warming.
• Coal is a non-renewable source and will run out in
about 200 years.
• Coal miners can have many dangerous diseases like
black lung disease or pneumoconiosis and also
emphysema if they breathe in too much of the coal
dust.

19. Coal mine accident kills 9 in north China
April 24, 2012
Nine miners were killed and 16 others injured in a coal mine accident in north China's Inner
Mongolia autonomous region as the rescue wrapped up late Monday, officials said.
Rescuers found the bodies of five missing miners at Xingya Coal Mine at Urad front banner,
Bayannur city after an eight-hour search, said a spokesman of the local government. Four people
were killed on the spot when a blast rocked the mine at about 3:20 a.m. Monday.
The 16 miners, including four severely injured, are being treated at a local hospital, the
spokesman said.
The mine, with maximum output of 300,000 tons of coal a year, is licensed. The cause of the
accident is being investigated, he added.
China's mining sector saw 185 accidents in the first quarter of the year, that led to the deaths of
289 people, the State Administration of Work Safety said last Friday. Altogether 1,973 miners
were killed in colliery accidents last year.
Poor safety regulations and a lack of safety awareness are usually blamed for the frequent
occurrence of colliery accidents.
Inner Mongolia holds China's largest coal reserves. It surpassed neighboring Shanxi Province to
become the largest coal producing region in 2010. Its coal output reached 908 million tonnes in
the first 11 months last year, rising 26.6 percent from a year earlier, according to latest available
statistics.

21. • Many industries contribute to the depletion of coal because
they use large amounts to power their machines. These
industries include the car industry, steel industry and
transportation industry.
• Individual citizens also contribute to the depletion of coal.
The use of electricity, driving engines and heating your
home all eat up coal.

22. • Over-consumption/excessive or unnecessary use of
resources
• Non-equitable distribution of resources
• Overpopulation...
• Slash and burn agricultural practices, currently
occurring in many developing countries
• Technological and industrial development
• Erosion
• Habitat degradation leads to the loss of Biodiversity
(i.e. species and ecosystems).
• Irrigation
• Mining for oil and minerals
• Forestry Forest Reserves within a particular country

23. World Coal Extraction Projection

26. Never Forget Ancient Wisdom
“MATA BHUMIH PUTROHAM
PRITHVIYAH”
MEANS
“THE EARTH IS OUR MOTHER, WE ARE
HER CHILDREN”

30. SOLAR ENERGY - Solar energy is the
technology used to harness the sun's energy
and make it useable. Today, the technology
produces less than one tenth of one percent
of global energy demand. The most common
way to harness solar energy is to use solar
panels.
HYDRO ENERGY - The production of
energy through the use of the
gravitational force of falling or flowing
water is called hydro energy. It is the
most widely used form of renewable
energy.
WIND ENERGY - Wind power is the
conversion of wind energy into a useful
form of energy, such as using wind
turbines to make
electricity, windmills for mechanical
power, wind pumps for water
pumping or drainage, or sails to propel
ships.