1. THEORIES FOR PRODUCTION
LADY GAGA - TELEPHONE

2. NARCISSISM.
Narcissism is when someone has a fascination with
themselves and they are very vain.
In Lady Gaga’s music video for Telephone we can
see the element of narcissism through the costume
that she is wearing as she is wearing very revealing
clothing which tells us that she is confident with
herself and she likes to show off her body. Another
example of narcissism in the Telephone music video
is the dance routine that she has. The dance routine
is very intimate and sexual which could be seen as
provocative which again gives off the impression
that she is very confident with her body.

3. INTERTEXTUAL REFERENCING.
Intertextual referencing in a music video would be if the video is
referring to another text.
The opening title to Lady Gaga’s music video for Telephone could
be seen as a movie opening as there are credits such as
“Streamline Presents Telephone, Starring Lady Gaga, Beyonce and
TG” – these credits are typical conventions of a movie.
The text that appears in the music video shadows Jackie Brown as
the font, colour and the size of the text is very similar.

4. INTERTEXTUAL REFERENCING.
Another example of Intertextual referencing
that is shown in Lady Gaga’s music video is
Beyonce’s nickname. Beyonce was called
“Honey Bee” which is a reference to the
character Honey Bunny in Tarantino’s 1994
crime film Pulp Fiction.

5. HOMAGE/INTERTEXTUAL REFERENCING.
Homage is respectful imitation.
The car (pussy wagon) that appears in the
music video to Telephone is directly taken from
the film Kill Bill, which is homage as it is an
imitation from an already made, successful film
and it is used respectfully. However, the director
said that the music video wasn’t supposed to
mirror Kill Bill.
Another example of homage in the music video
would be when Lady Gaga and Beyonce went
on a killing spree – this mirrors what Thurman
did in Quentin Tarantino Flice.

6. BRICOLAGE
Bricolage is when you borrow something from
other forms of media.
In Lady Gaga’s music video, she plays a
stereotypical 50’s housewife and she uses
bricolage when she adds the poison into a
sandwich to show how she felt about women
rights.
Another example is when she challenges
women/gender stereotypes of the “perfect
housewife” that is portrayed in the 1950s pop
culture. She uses wonder bread and a miracle
whip as artistic devices.

7. REFLECTION
From doing this task I have found it beneficial
because it has helped me with some ideas for
my own music video. I am now more aware of
the different postmodern theories that I could
potentially use, instead of just using standard
theories that are common.
I now know that I can use references from
some films or TV programmes by using
intertextuality, parody, bricolage, and more.
This task has also made me more aware of how
important it is to make your music video right
because it promotes the artist and makes their
work more memorable towards the audience.