This document summarizes different types of plate boundaries including convergent boundaries that form mountain ranges, divergent boundaries that form mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys, and transform boundaries that cause earthquakes. It also describes subduction zones where one plate goes under another forming trenches and volcanoes, how earthquakes occur at transform boundaries, and what a tsunami and hot spots are.
3. CONVERGENT BOUNDARY
Convergent Boundaries are plates coming together.
There are three different types of Convergent
Boundaries. Ocean-Ocean forms arcs of islands and
strato volcanoes. Ocean-Continent forms volcanoes and
mountain ranges. Continent-Continent forms huge
mountain ranges like the Himalayas in Nepal.
5. DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
Divergent Boundaries are plates pulling apart.
When Plates diverge, the Earth’s crust splits
apart causing magma to rise from the
mantle, depending if it happens at sea or
land, it forms mid-ocean ridges or rift valleys.
7. TRANSFORM BOUNDARY
Transform Boundaries are plates slidding past
each other. This boundary releases a cause of
a violent earthquake. The min types of waves
are, P waves, waves that go back and forth. S
waves, waves that go up and down and L
waves, waves that go in all directions and the
most dangerous.
10. FAULT AND SUBDUCTION ZONE
A subduction zone is when one plate goes
under another. An oceanic plate goes down
because is more dense (heavier) and the
continental plate goes up because is lighter.
This happens because of faults, causing the
formation of trenches and volcanoes.
13. EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI
An Earthquake is formed by Transform plate
boundary. The earthquakes first movement
happens in the focus and the epicenter is the
point on Earth’s surface above the focus and
plates move. Earthquakes happen on land.
Thrust/Reverse Fault causes an upward wave
or a Tsunami. A tsunami is an underwater
earthquake, landslide, or a volcanic eruption.
15. HOT SPOT
Hot Spots are areas of volcanic activity from
deep under the Earth’s mantle. An example of
a hot spot is Hawaii, an island made up of
volcanoes that are no longer active.
