Gregory R Ortiz, DPhil candidate at the University of Oxford, gave a seminar at the Institute of Economic Growth on Friday, 25 April 2014. These are the slides.

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DELHI’S
YOUNG AAM
AADMI
1
THE POLITICAL AND
SOCIAL WORK OF YOUNG
MIDDLE CLASS ACTIVISTS

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Women‟s empowerment
Stop Acid Attacks
TB treatment for poor
AIIMS Nurses Union
Political Asylum
Aids Control Workers Compensation
De-militarize Kashmir
North East India Rights/Sovereignty
Anti-racism laws
Women representation in Legislature
Delhi Pollution
Women‟s safety
2
Right-to-Information
Stop violence against animals
Right-to-education
Dalit Representation
Anti-corruption
Creating new paths for sex workers
LGBT and Gender issues
Sindh people‟s rights
Open journalism
Muslim rights
Access to government services
Inclusive growth
…AND Political activism/party
participation
EVERYDAY POLITICS/ACTIVISM

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portfolio
THE 2014
ELECTION

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COMPELLING GROWTH

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DEFINING THE MIDDLE
Organization Definition/ Equation to determine middle class India’s Mid Class
Today
Projected Mid Class
Size in 2025
Using the median poverty line in 70 countries as a
lower bound and the United States poverty line as
an upper bound
250 Million 500 Million
Using real annual household disposable incomes
between 200,000 and 1 million rupees
60 Million 580 million
Uses 'household income' as the criterion, a family
with an annual income between Rs 3.4 lakh to Rs
17 lakh (at 2009-10 price levels)
260 Million 547 Million
Defined as those with consumption expenditures of
$2–$20 per person per day in 2005 PPP $
274 Million No estimate
Using a consumption-based criterion. The survey
looked at whether a household owned a car or
scooter, color television, or a telephone
200 Million 400 Million
Uses a minimum threshold of $10 per capita per
day (2005 PPP) and a maximum threshold of $50 a
day
70 Million No estimate
People earning between US$10 and US$100 per
day
50 Million 200 Million

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We grow every day
together
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY
OF NEEDS

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self-
actualization
self-esteem
love and belonging
safety and security
physiological needs: breathing, food, water, shelter,
clothing, sleep
7
TEMPORAL CAPITAL
Male 27
Female 26 Male 22
Middle class
informants
(self-assessment)
self-
actualization
self-esteem
love and belonging
safety and security
physiological needs: breathing, food, water, shelter,
clothing, sleep
self-
actualization
self-esteem
love and belonging
safety and security

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KNOWLEDGE/SOC
IAL SKILLS
RESOURCES/ FINANCIAL
STABILITY
TIME/YOUTH
MIDDLE NEXUS

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THE EAL TO YOUTH
We grow every day
ACTIVIST
ROOTS
ANTI-
CORRUPTION
NO CASTE OR
RELIGIOUS
LOYALTIES
BROAD
COALITION

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URBAN REACH
2013 DELHI ELECTION
AAP
BJP
CONGRESS

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3.6 M
Twitter followers
12.1 M
Facebook likes
NEW MEDIA
Google search trends
(India):

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January 21 – The CM holds dharna
outside Rail Bhavan. Some see it
as evidence that he can‟t be a
serious CM whilst others see it as
him sticking to his activist roots.
KEJRIWAL’S
DHARNA
February 14 - Just 49 days
after taking office as CM
Kejriwal resigns after he was
thwarted from introducing the
Delhi Jan Lokpal bill.
KEJRIWAL
RESIGNS
March 11 – AAP founding
member quits saying, “The
connect of aam aadmi is on the
wane and a group of elite
individuals is promoted to talk
over the party “
ASHOK AGARWAL
QUITS
GROWING PAINS
Third groupp

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GOING FORWARD

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.
SOURCES
SLIDE 1: Photo: Tsering Topgyal/Associated Press
SLIDE 3: KKR INsights 2013, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs,
Population Division (2012). World Urbanization Prospects: The 2011
Revision. CD-RO M Edition - Data in digital form (POP/ DB/WUP/
Rev.2011).. Middle class consumption graph: Source: OECD Development Centre Working Paper 285
SLIDE 4: http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/KI/2010/KI2010-Special-Chapter.pdf
Ravallion, M. (2009), "The Developing World's Bulging (but Vulnerable) „Middle Class‟", Policy
Research Working Paper 4816, World Bank, Washington, DC.
Kharas, H. (2010), The Emerging Middle Class In Developing Countries. Working Paper 285, OECD
Development Center, Paris
McKinsey Global Institute. (2007), “The „Bird of Gold‟: The Rise of India‟s
Middle Class.” May 2007. Page 13.
Saxena, R. (2009) “Emerging Asia‟s Middle Class.” Deutsche Bank Research. August 21, 2009
State of the Nation Poll. IBN Website. (2007), http://ibnlive.in.com/news/indian-middle-class-happy-with-
economic-progress/32178-3.html
Ernst & Young Rapid-growth market Report (2013), “2013 Report”.
http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Rapid-growth_markets_forecast_-
_Winter_2013/$FILE/RGM_Winter_edition_2013.pdf
SLIDE 5: Image: http://theskooloflife.com/wordpress/self-actualization-in-the-maslow-hierarchy/
SLIDE 9: Map 1:http://blog.srr-foundation.org/?p=386
Map 2:http://www.censusindia.gov.in/maps/Town_maps/Delhi_slum_population.aspx
Map 3:ihttp://www.epw.in/web-exclusives/aam-aadmi-partys-win-delhi-dissecting-it-through-
geographical-information-systems.htm
SLIDE 11: Google trends, India search
SLIDE 13: http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2012/08/27/world/asia/27-kejriwal-protests-indiaInk/27-
kejriwal-protests-indiaInk-blog480.jpg
Gregory.ortiz@stx.ox.ac.uk
+18472175442
Facebook.com/ultra
@GregoryOrtiz1