Personality

1. Personal i ty
Owais
Farhan
Faisal
Haris
Ibrahim
By:
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2. Meaning
 Derived from latin word PERSONA
o Persona - a role adopted by an actor or any
person.
 Term was introduce in late 14 century
o “quality or fact of being a person”
o “a distinctive character” in 1975
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3. What is Personality?
 The sum total of the physical, mental, emotional, a
nd social characteristics of an individual.
Psychology
 Personality is the totality of habits, attitudes and
traits that result from socialization and
characterizes us in our relationship with others.
Anderson and Parker
 Personality represents those structural and
dynamic properties of an individual or individuals
as they reflect themselves in characteristic
responses to situations.
Lawrence A Pewin
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4. Example
 A person as an embodiment of a collection o
f qualities:
◦ He is a curious personality.
 The visible aspect of one’s character as it
impressed others:
◦ He has a pleasing personality.
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5. Study of personality
1. Psychological
◦ mental trends, complexes, emotions and sentiments. The
psychological approach enables us to understand the
phenomena of personality disorganization and the role of
wishes
2. Sociological
◦ Personality in terms of the status of the individual in the
group, in terms of his conception of his role in the group
of which he is a member. What others think of us plays a
large part in the formation of our personality.
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6. In Brief
 Personality is not related to bodily structure alone.
It includes both structure and dynamics.
 Personality is an indivisible unit.
 Personality is neither good nor bad.
 Every personality is unique
 Personality is acquired.
 Personality is influenced by social interaction.
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7. History
 Hippocrates
◦ Four Temperaments
1. Fire - Choleric
 Ruling excitable, impulsive, and restless, with
reserves of aggression, energy, and/or passion
2. Air - Sanguine
 lively, sociable, carefree, talkative, and happiness-seeker.
3. Water - Phlegmatic
 private, thoughtful, reasonable, calm, patient, caring,
and tolerant
4. Earth - Melancholic
 serious, quiet, cautious or even suspicious
Hippocrates – an 2400 year old ancient Greek physician
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8. Five Temperaments
 Water - Phlegmatic
◦ private, thoughtful, reasonable, calm, patient, caring, and
tolerant
◦ Expresses a moderate need.
◦ Wants only the same moderate amount in return.
 Supine
◦ More "needy" for acceptance (or control) from people
◦ Less able to initiate
◦ Supines are often frustrated because they expect people to
know they want interaction
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9. Words representing Personality
 Allport & Odbert (1936)
◦ Point 17,953 word out of 400,000 words, representing personality.
 Catell (1942)
◦ angry, short-tempered and irritable are all similar in concept sorted
in seprate cluster
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10. Big Five personality traits
(OCEAN)
1. Openness to experience
◦ inventive/curious vs. consistent/cautious
2. Conscientiousness
◦ efficient/organized vs. easy-going/careless
3. Extraversion
◦ outgoing/energetic vs. solitary/reserved
4.Agreeableness
◦ friendly/compassionate vs. analytical/detached
5.Neuroticism
◦ sensitive/nervous vs. secure/confident
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11. Openness to experience
• Appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual
ideas, curiosity, and variety of experience.
1. I have a rich vocabulary.
2. I have a vivid imagination.
3. I have excellent ideas.
4. I am quick to understand things.
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12. Conscientiousness
 Prefer planned rather than spontaneous behavior.
1. I am always prepared.
2. I pay attention to details.
3. I get chores done right away.
4. I like order.
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13. Extraversion
 Energy, positive emotions, surgency, assertiveness,
sociability and talkativeness.
1. I am the life of the party.
2. I don't mind being the center of attention.
3. I feel comfortable around people.
4. I start conversations.
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14. Agreeableness
• Compassionate, cooperative and helpful nature.
1. I am interested in people.
2. I sympathize with others' feelings.
3. I have a soft heart.
4. I take time out for others.
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15. Neuroticism
• The tendency to experience unpleasant emotions
easily, such as anger, anxiety, depression, and
vulnerability.
1. I am easily disturbed.
2. I change my mood a lot.
3. I get irritated easily.
4. I get stressed out easily.
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16. Personality Development
1. Be Confident
2. Be Yourself
3. Have an Opinion
4. Body Language
5. Be Courteous
6. Good Listener
7. Little funny
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17. Biblography
 dictionary.reference.com
 sociologyguide.com
 wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_temperaments
 wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Temperaments
 wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Five_personality_traits
 sociologyguide.com
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