1) The document discusses recent developments in cluster research and policy, including a shift towards mainstreaming cluster initiatives and concerns about properly evaluating their impact.
2) It provides examples of cluster mapping and analyses of regional clusters in Sweden and other European countries. Specific industries and overlapping cluster networks in the Stockholm region are highlighted.
3) The key role of clusters in competitiveness and economic performance is examined, along with considerations for effective cluster policy and management. Targeting public policy and investments towards clusters is advocated to enhance regional specialization and collaboration.
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Clusters and Cluster Initiatives: Recent Learnings, Current Challenges
1. Clusters and Cluster Initiatives:
Recent Learnings, Current Challenges
Prof. Christian H. M. Ketels
Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness
Harvard Business School
VINNOVA Brown Bag Seminar
Stockholm
21 November 2011
Early group – hit and miss NL and DK; not very successfully; probably too isolated and not integrated into overall policy Basque and Catalonia, later Finland better and strongly integrated
Path dependency – intertemporal spill-overs Increase the importance of wedge between public and private returns on current private action Might be different discount rates for private and public actors
Path dependency – intertemporal spill-overs Increase the importance of wedge between public and private returns on current private action Might be different discount rates for private and public actors
One additional point: help clusters to self-discover
Report of the President’s Commission on Industrial Competitiveness (1985) The Competitive Advantage of Nations (1990) Clusters of Innovation Initiative (October 2001) U.S. Cluster Mapping Project public launch (March 2003) “The Economic Performance of Regions” (August 2003) Competitiveness in Rural Regions (February 2004) Canadian Cluster Data (2004) International Cluster Competitiveness Profiles (July 2005) “EU-10 Cluster Mapping” (November 2006) European Cluster Observatory (2007) Access to Census Center of Economic Studies (CES) (August 2007) “European Cluster Memorandum” (January 2008) “Cluster and Economic Policy” White Paper (2007, 2009) European Cluster Policy Group (2009-2010) European Cluster Observatory v2.0 (2010) “Clusters and Entrepreneurship” (May 2010) “Clusters, Convergence and Economic Performance” (August 2010) EDA Project kickoff (October 2010)
Report of the President’s Commission on Industrial Competitiveness (1985) The Competitive Advantage of Nations (1990) Clusters of Innovation Initiative (October 2001) U.S. Cluster Mapping Project public launch (March 2003) “The Economic Performance of Regions” (August 2003) Competitiveness in Rural Regions (February 2004) Canadian Cluster Data (2004) International Cluster Competitiveness Profiles (July 2005) “EU-10 Cluster Mapping” (November 2006) European Cluster Observatory (2007) Access to Census Center of Economic Studies (CES) (August 2007) “European Cluster Memorandum” (January 2008) “Cluster and Economic Policy” White Paper (2007, 2009) European Cluster Policy Group (2009-2010) European Cluster Observatory v2.0 (2010) “Clusters and Entrepreneurship” (May 2010) “Clusters, Convergence and Economic Performance” (August 2010) EDA Project kickoff (October 2010)
Report of the President’s Commission on Industrial Competitiveness (1985) The Competitive Advantage of Nations (1990) Clusters of Innovation Initiative (October 2001) U.S. Cluster Mapping Project public launch (March 2003) “The Economic Performance of Regions” (August 2003) Competitiveness in Rural Regions (February 2004) Canadian Cluster Data (2004) International Cluster Competitiveness Profiles (July 2005) “EU-10 Cluster Mapping” (November 2006) European Cluster Observatory (2007) Access to Census Center of Economic Studies (CES) (August 2007) “European Cluster Memorandum” (January 2008) “Cluster and Economic Policy” White Paper (2007, 2009) European Cluster Policy Group (2009-2010) European Cluster Observatory v2.0 (2010) “Clusters and Entrepreneurship” (May 2010) “Clusters, Convergence and Economic Performance” (August 2010) EDA Project kickoff (October 2010)