Organ Donation: Saving Lives Through Transplantation

ORGAN DONATION
Prepared by Tania Sarkissian & Narik Zadikian

TANIA SARKISSIAN - 28 MAY 2012

INTRODUCTION

What is organ donation and transplantation?

• Organ transplantation is the surgical removal of an organ or
tissues from one person (the donor) and placing it in another
person (the recipient).
 Organ donation is when you allow your organs or tissues to be
removed and given to someone else. Most donated organs and
tissues are from people who have died. But, a living person can
donate some organs. Blood, stem cells, and platelets can also
be donated.


Experts say that the organs from one donor can
save or help as many as 50 people. Organs you
can donate include Internal organs:

 Kidneys, heart, liver, pancreas, intestines,
lungs
 Skin
 Bone and bone marrow
 Cornea


CAN YOU BE AN ORGAN DONOR?

Ye s , No,

 There are no age limits on who  People with certain medical
can be an organ donor. conditions cannot donate on
Newborns as well as senior organ. This includes people
citizens have been organ with:
donors. If you are younger
than 18, you must have a  HIV
parent’s or guardian’s consent.  Actively spreading brain cancer
 If you are 18 years or older and  Certain severe, current
tissue donor by signing a infections
donor card.


RISK OF ORGAN DONATION


DOES ORGAN DONATION
DISFIGURE YOUR BODY ?

No, of course not.
 Donation does not change the appearance of the body.

 Organs are removed surgically in a routine operation.

 It does not interfere with having a funeral, including open
casket services


QUICK! WHAT HOLIDAY IS
CELEBRATED ON FEBRUARY 14?


FEBRUARY 14

Sure, it's Valentine's Day; but another observance on that date is even closer to
the hearts of thousands of people nationwide.

That's because February 14 is National Donor Day, which aims to focus
attention on the donation of organs, tissues, marrow, platelets, and blood.

Each year, approximately 28,000 sick people in the United States receive life-
saving organ transplants.

Driver's licenses often have a spot to note whether their bearers wish to be
considered for organ donation when they die. As a result, teens often find
themselves thinking about the subject. Have you?


How to Become a Donor

 Indicate your wish to become a donor on your
driver's license.

 Join the donor registry in your country if there is
one.

Tell your family. There is no national donor
registry, so family members need to know how to
execute your wishes.

•Complete a donor card and carry it with you.

THE TWO FACES OF ORGAN DONATION,
THE DONOR AND THE RECIPIENT
 YOU'RE IN THE WAITING ROOM OF the
hospital, and someone you love has just died,
brain-injured from a car accident. You probably

feel numb, struggling to cope with the pain and
to accept what's happened. The last thing you
want is to be asked to consider donating their
organs and tissues (especially if you don't know
what their wishes would have been).
 Now imagine you are, or care for, someone
who is desperately sick and whose only chance
of survival is an organ transplant. You've been
waiting, hoping, through many months of daily
suspense and tension, knowing time is running
out. Waiting and hoping for the mobile or pager
you carry at all times to ring; that a donor may
have been found; and that their blood and
tissue type may be compatible.

Myth: I'm too old to donate.
Nobody would want my organs.
Fact: There's no defined cutoff age
for donating organs. Organs have been
successfully transplanted from donors
in their 70s and 80s. The decision to
use your organs is based on strict
medical criteria, not age. Don't
disqualify yourself prematurely. Let the

doctors decide at your time of death
whether your organs and tissues are
suitable for transplantation.
Myth: I'm not in the best of
MYTHS

health. Nobody would want my
organs or tissues.
Fact: Very few medical conditions
automatically disqualify you from
donating organs. The decision to use
an organ is based on strict medical
criteria. It may turn out that certain
organs are not suitable for
transplantation, but other organs and
tissues may be fine. Don't disqualify
yourself prematurely. Only medical
professionals at the time of your death
can determine whether your organs are
suitable for transplantation.

 Myth: I'd like to donate one of my kidneys now,
but I wouldn't be allowed to do that unless one of MYTHS
my family members is in need.

Fact: While that used to be the case, it isn't any longer.
Whether it's a distant family member, friend or complete
stranger you want to help, you can donate a kidney
through certain transplant centers. If you decide to
become a living donor, you will undergo extensive
questioning to ensure that you are aware of the risks and
that your decision to donate isn't based on financial gain.
You will also undergo testing to determine if your
kidneys are in good shape and whether you can live a
healthy life with just one kidney.

Tania Sarkissian - 28 May 2012

Myth: Rich and famous people go to the top of the list when they need a
donor organ.

Fact: The rich and famous aren't given priority when it comes to allocating
organs. It may seem that way because of the amount of publicity generated
when celebrities receive a transplant, but they are treated no differently from
anyone else. In fact, the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), the
organization responsible for maintaining the national organ transplant
network, subjects all celebrity transplants to an internal audit to make sure the
organ allocation was appropriate.

For More Info on Organ Donation, Click
on the following arrow

Tania Sarkissian - 28 May 2012

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The gift of life." Ebony July 2005: 66. Expanded Academic ASAP. Web. 25 May
2012.Document URL
http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA133683298&v=2.1&u=lau&it=r&p=G
PS&sw=w
"Organ donation." Choice [Chippendale, Australia] Aug. 2000: 22. Expanded
Academic ASAP. Web. 25 May 2012.Document URL
http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA67265543&v=2.1&u=lau&it=r&p=GP
S&sw=w


BIBLIOGRAPHY

 Organ Donation and Transplantation Fact Sheet." Womenshealth.gov. Web. 25 May
2012. <http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-
sheet/organ-donation.cfm>.

 "A gift from the heart." Current Health Teens, a Weekly Reader publication Feb.
2012: 5. Expanded Academic ASAP. Web. 25 May 2012.Document URL
http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA278630195&v=2.1&u=lau&it=r&p=G
PS&sw=w

 Staff, Mayo Clinic. "Organ Donation: Don't Let These Myths Confuse You."
Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 03 Apr. 2010.
Web. 25 May 2012. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/organ-
donation/FL00077/METHOD=print>.

Thank you For Your attention

Tania Sarkissian and Narik Zadikian

TANIA SARKISSIAN - MAY 28 2012

 About 4,100 transplant candidates are
added to the national waiting list each
month.
 Each day, about 77 people receive organ
transplants.
 But still about 18 people die each day
waiting for transplants that can't take place
because of the shortage of donated
organs.
 There are now more than 105,000 people
on the waiting list for solid organ transplants.
Narik Zadikian 5/25/2012

Where does religion stand when it comes to
organ donation?

It is advisable to talk to the church leader or
to the religious organizations before donating
an organ. But most religions are similar in the
sense that they all support organ and tissue
donation as a charitable act of love and
giving.
Some religions even go on to say that it is a
sin not to donate your organs when possible.


 Cornea( coating of the eyeball)
 Middle ear
 Skin
tissues  Heart valves
 Bone
 Tendon
 Ligament

 Kidney
 Heart
 Liver
organs

 Lung
 Pancreas
 intestine


 Table showing the reasons of donation


 The donor’s family neither pays nor
receives( in normal cases) payment for
organ and tissue donation.
 Some recipients have problems in
affording the cost, thus some local,
regional, and national organizations help
them through grants and services.


 This is absolutely false since the
transplant team is completely different
from the medical staff which is working
on saving your life.
 The transplant team doesn’t intervene
unless the doctors have stated that all
possible efforts to save your life have
failed.


 If you need an organ
transplant, your doctor will
help you get on the national
waiting list.
 To get on the list, you need
to visit a transplant hospital.
 The transplant doctor will
examine and decide
whether you meet the
criteria or not.
 When and organ donor is
available and you are
suitable for that organ, you
will get it.


 Blood and tissue type
 Size of the organ
 Medical urgency of the patient’s illness
 Time already spent on the waiting list


The immune system and organ
donation
• The immune system is made up of cells, tissues,
and organs that work constantly to keep out
foreign materials.
• It also has the ability to differentiate between the
self cells and the cells that don’t belong to our
body and are foreign.
• In people, the markers are referred to as
the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), and the body
attacks the foreign cells in case the HLA markers
of the donor and the recipient are not similar
leading to the failure of the transplant.

5/25/2012 Narik Zadikian

 Donations will not delay or force the
funerals to be postponed.
 It will not affects the outer physical
shape of the body, thus not interfering
with an open-casket funeral viewing.


 As you know, the organ shortage is the reason why
patients must wait for transplants. You can help
promote organ and tissue donation by urging
others to become an organ donors.
 The number of registered donors in the states in
2006 was about 60 million, and this number
increased to 100 million and is still increasing.


 If the surgery could be done while the donor is
still alive, these steps should be taken:
 Tell the doctor about the drugs you already take.
 Stop drinking alcohol
 Stop taking aspirin, ibuprofen, warfarin
(Coumadin), and any other drugs that make it hard
for your blood to clot.
 Ask your doctor which drugs you should still take
on the day of your surgery.
 If you smoke, try to stop.


 1954: ON DECEMBER 23, THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL
LIVING-RELATED KIDNEY TRANSPLANT LED BY
DR. JOSEPH MURRAY AND DR. DAVID HUME AT
BRIGHAM HOSPITAL IN BOSTON: A KIDNEY WAS
TRANSPLANTED FROM RONALD HERRICK INTO
HIS IDENTICAL TWIN, RICHARD.
 1963: FIRST SUCCESSFUL LUNG TRANSPLANT LED
BY DR. JAMES HARDY .
 1966: FIRST SUCCESSFUL PANCREAS/KIDNEY
TRANSPLANT LED BY DRS. RICHARD LILLEHEI
AND WILLIAM KELLY
 1967: FIRST SUCCESSFUL HEART TRANSPLANT LED
BY DR. CHRISTIAAN BARNARD
 1989: FIRST SUCCESSFUL SMALL INTESTINE
TRANSPLANT.


 1) MedlinePlus- TALKING ABOUT
TRANSPLANTATION,
 2) Organ Donation and Transplantation Fact
Sheet." Womenshealth.gov. Web. 25 May
2012.
<http://www.womenshealth.gov/publicatio
ns/our-publications/fact-sheet/organ-
donation.cfm>.


 1) MedlinePlus- TALKING ABOUT
TRANSPLANTATION,
 2) Mackay DR, Miraliakbari R, eds. Skin
grafts. Operative Techniques in General
Story. December 2006; 8(4);197-206.


Organ Donation: Saving Lives Through Transplantation

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