UK Spectrum Policy Forum – Dr Anil Shukla, QinetiQ - Introduction to the Defence use of spectrum

© Copyright QinetiQ Limited 2014
QinetiQ ProprietaryQINETIQ/14/00446
Defence Sector Briefing to TechUK’s Spectrum Policy Forum’s
Market Cluster meeting
30th September 2014
Dr Anil Shukla – QinetiQ Fellow “Intelligently using the radio spectrum” Environment
1

2
QinetiQ
• QinetiQ was created (2001) from the partition
of Defence Evaluation and Research Agency
(DERA) into two separate organisations
• We provide research, technical advice,
technology solutions and services to
customers in core markets of defence and
security with principal customers
− UK Ministry of Defence (MOD)
− UK National Security Agencies
− US Department of Defense (DoD)
− Australian Department of Defence
• We are increasingly transferring our expertise
and capabilities into adjacent markets such as
energy and environment

Disclaimer
• This presentation is for information purposes only should not
be used to represent any formal views of QinetiQ
3

Defence Manufacturers Spectrum Forum – Key review themes
4
• Industries that deliver spectrum dependent system to defence
• Presentation reviewed at the Sept. Forum meeting
• Forum was keen to highlight :
− It interacts with Ofcom, MOD’s Joint Spectrum Authority,
CEPT, ETSI etc
− Commercial systems are often used to provide a defence
capability - not only use defence spectrum
− The EM environment is becoming more challenging as all
bands are used
− Platforms costs are high (e.g. Joint Strike Fighter ~£58M
each; £1bn a year to British industry)
− Significant employer of high technology skill base
− Spectrum changes may result in high consequential costs
due to re-certification
− Need to do T&D in the UK to support export
Name Company
Robert Dalgleish Chemrig - Roke
Jerry Frost Rockwell Collins
Brian Gardner Ultra
Maria Kelly Selex UK
Parmi Matharu Rockwell Collins
Jade Mccready BAES - Warton
John Milnthorpe Selex
Alistair Munro
AIRBUS Defence and
Space
Adrian Payne Cobham
Steve Plume MBDA Systems
David Prior QinetiQ
Neil
Rothwell-
Hughes
General Dynamics
Andy Stove Thales
Mark Turner Exelis Defence Ltd
Colin Wilson Exelis

Structure
5

Scope of the sector
What does the Defence sector do
• “We protect the security, independence and interests of our country at home and
abroad. We work with our allies and partners whenever possible. Our aim is to
ensure that the armed forces have the training, equipment and support necessary
for their work, and that we keep within budget”
6
https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/ministry-of-defence

Scope of the sector - military tasks
7
Seven Military Tasks
• defending the UK and its Overseas Territories
• providing strategic intelligence
• providing nuclear deterrence
• supporting civil emergency organisations in
times of crisis
• defending our interests by projecting power
strategically and through expeditionary
interventions
• providing a defence contribution to UK
influence
• providing security for stabilisation.

Scope of the sector- land, sea, air and space (spectrum and cyber)
8

Scope of the sector – all radio systems
9
Achieved using (C4ISTAR) platforms
• Command,
• Control, Communications,
• Computers,
• Information/Intelligence,
• Surveillance,
• Targeting,
• Acquisition and
• Reconnaissance
• Spectrum is a Battlespace environnent
• superiority must be gained

Scope of sector - typical applications
• Submarine communications (LF)
• BLOS communications (HF)
• Tactical Voice Communications (VHF)
• Tactical Data Communications (VHF/UHF)
• Air Ground Air Voice and Data Communications
(UHF)
• Personal Management Radios (UHF)
• Tactical Data Links (Ground to Air) (UHF)
• Air Navigation Aids (UHF)
• Geolocation systems (across the band) (UHF)
• Air Surveillance and Control Systems
10
• Tactical Surveillance Radar
• Maritime Air Defence Radar
• Weapon Guidance Radar (mm-wave)
• Maritime Navigation Aids (LF – VHF)
• Satellite Communications (>UHF)
• Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Telemetry and
Data Links) (mm-wave)
• Electronic Warfare – systems
• ….
• Testing and training
• ..
From kHz to GHz
Many applications to provide a capability

Contribution to social and economic value
What people, services and devices are included:
• Front line personnel~ 156,000 (2013)
• The (2012/13) defence budget stands at around
£34.3 billion
• Well over 100,000 people work in this industry (in
high value, high tech jobs), with a turnover of
more than £22 billion a year and a further 145,000
in the supply chain.
• The Ministry of Defence's (MOD's) Defence
Equipment and Support (DE&S) organisation has a
annual budget of £14 billion
• UK is also the largest exporter of defence
equipment and services in the world after the
United States with over £8 billion of sales last year.
11

Current and recent past status
Significant changes
• Network enabled capabilities
• Longer reach operations
• Increased mobility
• Decline in the Cold war and new concepts of
operations
• Reducing staff numbers
• Intelligence based operations
Health of the market
• Reducing budgets
• Defence will always be needed
12

The future character of conflict
• Our enemies will continue to attack our physical and electronic lines of
communication. And the growth of communications technology will increase our
enemies’ ability to influence, not only all those on the battlefield, but also our
own society directly. We must therefore win the battle for information, as well
as the battle on the ground.
• This environment will place a premium on particular military capabilities,
including intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition and reconnaissance
(ISTAR). It will demand sophisticated and resilient communications and
protected mobility by land, sea and air. It will also mean that our people must
continue to be our winning edge. We will need highly capable and motivated
personnel with specialist skills, including cultural understanding; strategic
communications to influence and persuade; and the agility, training and
education to operate effectively in an increasingly complex environment.
13
Securing Britain in an Age of Uncertainty: The Strategic Defence and Security Review, October 2010

Sector trends
Future growth prospects, UK and export market
• Interoperability (NEC) and working with diverse coalition partners,
• Increasing need for accurate intelligence data
• Use of unattended platforms
• Pace of operations
• Low probability of interception / Jamming
• Being efficient in design for cost savings and operational benefits
Future contraction prospects,
• Political dependencies
• Reducing numbers
Changes to the delivery model
• Use of commercial systems
14

Use of technologies and spectrum
Current status (UK)
• In the UK, MOD has management rights to ~35% of the UK
FAT spectrum, a significant part it is shared in the UK
• All spectrum bands are used VLF to mm-wave (including civil)
• Used for UK based military operations, UK air defence,
maintenance of the nuclear deterrent, counter-terrorist
operations, training and training support functions, (e.g.
range radars) etc.
• Research and development
Must haves
• Robust, Secure, Covert, Flexible, Agile systems
Open to change
• Action / share spectrum,
15
Significant part is shared in the UK (1)

Expected changes to technology and spectrum
Near term 5 years technologies :
• Agile systems
• Reconfigurable systems
• Increased spectrum utilisation to meet
the demands of :
− Reduction in permanent staff and increase in
training for TA
− New unattended platforms
− Land Environment tactical communications
system
− Potential demand for additional bandwidth to
support
• Intelligence gathering
• Communications between soldiers
16

Longer term (10-20 years) needs and options
17
Long term
• In the future, warfighters will operate in a dynamic,
multi-layered, multi-dimensional, battlespace
• Our future forces, although smaller than now, will
retain their geographical reach and their ability to
operate across the spectrum from high-intensity
intervention to enduring stabilisation activity.
• precision weaponry, and where the battlespace
increasingly involves unmanned and cyber operations
• New unattended platforms
• Land Environment tactical communications system
• Networked Intelligence
• Increase use of the radio spectrum as a battle space
environment.

Spectrum Research Roadmap
18
Siloes of
deployment
Architecture 1
Statically
informed
Architecture 2
Dynamically
informed
Architecture 3
Richly
informed
Architecture 4
Dynamically self
managed
Architecture 5
Spectrum
optimised
missions
Capability
Maturity
Capability Increments
Near-term Mid-term Long-term

US - DISA – Spectrum transformation
19

A realistic roadmap for DSM for military tactical radios (Scheers et al., 2012)
0
• Current stove pipe approach
1
• A Dedicated Band for CR Systems
2
• Opportunistic Military Use of Limited Civilian Bands
3
• Coexistence of CR with Military Legacy Systems in Military Bands
N-1
• Flexible Use of Military Bands and Wide Scale Opportunistic Use of Civil Bands
N
• Optimum and agile access to spectrum to meet users needs
20
A realistic roadmap for the introduction of dynamic spectrum management in military tactical radio communication Scheers, B. ;
Mahoney, A. ; Akermark, H. Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MCC), 2012

(My) Predicted future needs
• (Increased spectrum use)
• Dynamic and reliable access to spectrum
• Spectrum for UK training
• Spectrum “sandpit” – geographic, time, bands
• Catalogue of spectrum emissions (fingerprints)
• Licenced shared access, unlicensed spectrum
• Technologies
• Spectrum data
• Antennas
• Efficient waveforms
• Sharing protocols
• Higher frequencies
21

Sources
• FORWARD LOOK, A Strategy for Management of major Public Sector Spectrum Holdings, MARCH 2007
• UK Defence Spectrum Management A Consultation on: An Implementation Plan for Reform, 30 May 08. (Fig 4.)
• Ministry of Defence Final Report Defence Demand for Spectrum: 2008 – 2027, PA Consulting, Nov. 2008
• Securing Britain in an Age of Uncertainty: The Strategic Defence and Security Review, October 2010
• Securing Prosperity A strategic vision for the UK Defence Sector. Sept 2013
• Defense Spectrum Organization Initiatives Current Initiatives to Facilitate Federal Spectrum Sharing, Howard
McDonald Chief, Defense Spectrum Organization Session II: 25 July 2012
http://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/media/36307/2.1_McDonald_ISART%202012_Session%20II-DSO.pd
• A realistic roadmap for the introduction of dynamic spectrum management in military tactical radio
communication Scheers, B. ; Mahoney, A. ; Akermark, H. Military Communications and Information Systems
Conference (MCC), 2012
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-26124894
22

UK Spectrum Policy Forum – Dr Anil Shukla, QinetiQ - Introduction to the Defence use of spectrum

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Tendances (20)

En vedette

En vedette (20)

Similaire à UK Spectrum Policy Forum – Dr Anil Shukla, QinetiQ - Introduction to the Defence use of spectrum

Similaire à UK Spectrum Policy Forum – Dr Anil Shukla, QinetiQ - Introduction to the Defence use of spectrum (20)

Plus de techUK

Plus de techUK (20)

Dernier

Dernier (20)

UK Spectrum Policy Forum – Dr Anil Shukla, QinetiQ - Introduction to the Defence use of spectrum