Human cloning
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Work done by students under the project Connecting Classrooms on January 2012. Escola Secundária da Póvoa de Lanhoso, Portugal.
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Human cloning
- 2. WHAT EXACTLY IS CLONING? Cloning is the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another. This means that every single bit of DNA is the same between the two!
- 3. The types of cloning Hybrid cloning Therapeutic cloning Reproductive cloning
- 4. HOW IS CLONING DONE? How does one go about making an exact genetic copy of an organism? There are a couple of ways to do this: artificial embryo twinning and somatic cell nuclear transfer. How do these processes differ?
- 5. Artificial Embryo Twinning Artificial embryo twinning is the relatively low-tech version of cloning. As the name suggests, this technology mimics the natural process of creating identical twins. Artificial Process Video
- 6. Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Somatic cell nuclear transfer, (SCNT) uses a different approach than artificial embryo twinning, but it produces the same result: an exact clone, or genetic copy, of an individual. This was the method used to create Dolly the Sheep. Somatic Process Video
- 8. History of cloning in mammals Dolly the sheep Herd of mice Cat (CC)
- 9. DEGREE OF AGING One risk of cloning is that the cells of the clone can aging faster than the normal persons
- 10. IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH INTO CLONING It is important that we continue to investigate this area to improve the technique and reduce the risks
- 11. No current clinical treatments Few successes in animal models Difficulty in obtaining pure cultures in the dish Questions regarding functional differentiation Difficult to establish and maintain Current and Problem of immune rejection potential Potential for tumor formation and tissue embryonic destruction stem cell Genomic instability problems: Ethically contentious
- 12. Current Cancers Clinical Uses of Adult leukemias Stem Cells Autoimmune diseases Anemias Bone deformities Stroke Parkinson’s Skin
- 13. This is a very relevant question. There is indeed a relationship between the clone and original one. Since we are not facing a real situation, it is not urgent to create a new concept that would fit this "relationship".
- 15. By Ana Isabel Silva António Pedro Cláudia Costa Filipa Rodrigues Marta Fernández 11ºA
- 16. Fim da apresentação. Clique para sair.
- 17. Reproductive Cloning|Adult dna cloning Reproductive cloning is a technology used to generate an animal that has the same nuclear DNA as another currently or previously existing animal. Human cloning also falls into this category. e.g. identical twins
- 18. Therapeutic Cloning The purpose of therapeutic cloning is to extract the stem cells from the embryos. Stem cells can be used to treat heart disease, Alzheimer's, cancer, and various other diseases. e.g. heart or even just a few cells
- 19. Hybrid cloning A clone has been made from this technique. It was achieved using a cell from a man's leg and a cow's egg. It is called hybrid because it uses 2 different power sources.
- 20. Advantages 1/Potential benefits to modern medicine 2/Helping infertile couples 3/Reverse the aging process 4/Protecting Endangered Species 5/ Improving food supply
- 21. Disadvantages 1/The Element of Uncertainty 2/Inheriting diseases 3/The Potential for Abuse
- 22. Dolly the sheep She was born on 5 july 1996. She was cloned by Ian Wilmut and keith campbell in Scotland Was the first mammal to be cloned Died from a progressive lung disease
- 23. Herd of mice The first cloned mammals was a mouse (named "Masha") in 1986, in the Soviet Union. The cloning was done from an embryo cell. The first mouse from adult cells, Cumulin, was born in 1997 at the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa. Over a dozen clones as of 2002.
- 24. Cat (CC) Was born in December 2001, scientists at Texas A&M University created the first cloned cat, CC (CopyCat).
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