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Continuous Deployment,[object Object],Timothy Fitz,[object Object],CTO of Canvas,[object Object]
“Continuous integration involves integrating early and often, so as to avoid the pitfalls of "integration hell". The practice aims to reduce timely rework and thus reduce cost and development time.”,[object Object]
“Continuous deployment involves deploying early and often, so as to avoid the pitfalls of "deployment hell". The practice aims to reduce timely rework and thus reduce cost and development time.”,[object Object]
The Vision,[object Object],On every key press,[object Object],Compile,[object Object],Run automated tests,[object Object],Deploy,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Reality,[object Object],Change has risk,[object Object],Infrastructure isn’t free,[object Object]
Continuous Deployment
At Canvas,[object Object],Small CD shop,[object Object],5 committers,[object Object],Deploy process is “git push”,[object Object]
At Scale: IMVU,[object Object],Profitable,[object Object],MMO + Virtual Economy Etsy,[object Object],50+ Technical Staff,[object Object]
At Scale: Etsy,[object Object]
The Deploy Equation,[object Object],Direct Value (DV),[object Object],Information Value (IV),[object Object],Deployment Risk,[object Object],When IV + DV > Risk: Deploy!,[object Object]
Increase Information Value,[object Object],Small commits mean more information earlier,[object Object],Implement features implementation-risk-first,[object Object],Conscious information gathering,[object Object]
Increase Direct Value,[object Object],Feature shippable from day 0,[object Object],Never blocked on deploy cycle,[object Object],Higher velocity,[object Object],Lean Thinking,[object Object]
Risk=Exposure * Probability * Severity,[object Object]
Decrease Exposure,[object Object],Dark launch non-frontend changes,[object Object],Controlled exposure via feature rollout code,[object Object],Expose to staff/QA only,[object Object],Expose to opt-in beta testers,[object Object],Gradually increase exposure from 1-100%,[object Object],Feature-level rollback,[object Object]
Decrease Probability,[object Object],Automated tests,[object Object],Regression / Functional / Integration tests,[object Object],Unit tests,[object Object],Browser tests / Click tests,[object Object],3rd party integration tests,[object Object],Manual QA prior to exposing features,[object Object],Build code in a deploy mindset,[object Object]
Decrease Severity ,[object Object],Decrease length of degradation,[object Object],Production Alerts,[object Object],[object Object]
Instant production roll backDecrease effects of degradation,[object Object],Stability through isolation,[object Object],Product level fault tolerance,[object Object],Lock down core infrastructure,[object Object]
FAQ,[object Object],Whatabout shema changes?,[object Object],Great, how do I get started?,[object Object]
Schema Changes: They hate your code,[object Object],Code and schema move in locked steps,[object Object],Favor schemaless design,[object Object],Minimize classical schema changes,[object Object],Offend DBAs with your lack of normalization,[object Object],Lightweight/Schemaless databases(“nosql”),[object Object]
Schema Changes: They hate your uptime,[object Object],Did I mention schemalessdatabases yet?,[object Object],Apply updates to standbys,[object Object],Blue/Green cluster setup,[object Object]
Great, how do I get started?,[object Object],Nike method: Just do it,[object Object]
tl;dr,[object Object],We’ve come a long way,[object Object],We have a long way to go,[object Object],IV + DV > Exposure * Probability * Severity.,[object Object],Rethink schema changes,[object Object],Continous Deployment: Just do it,[object Object],Questions?,[object Object]

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Editor's Notes

  1. What? Why? Tailor for unique tradeoffs, focusing on risk mitigation.Trans: what is cd? What is CI?
  2. Incremental logical step. Coined the term, didn’t invent the concept.(IMVU took it to the next level, but others were doing very similar things before IMVU existed)
  3. Ancient concept:Expect it on local dev boxes (php-style)SqueakGenera : An entire OS, locally deployable instantly. Musical Live CodingTrans: So… why?
  4. Story? System Chat. Threw away a week of work! Dark launch via CD.Bad Assumptions: Code does what it says Code doesn’t negatively affect other code Code is scalable Code handles edge cases correctly 3rd party API allows for certain behavior
  5. “Continuous Deployment” coined August 2007, 20k google hits (phrase is only 4 years old)Feb 2009: Blog post lands
  6. Where we were: 2008Handful of companiesZero documentationNo common languageWhat changed?Pattern got a name.People started talking about it.
  7. Talk through commit deploy processGit pushGithubPing JenkinsJenkins runs python ./manage.py test canvasRuns through a couple hundred automated tests
  8. Does it scale?IMVU: Profitable MMO + Virtual Economy, 50 person technical staffCommit-to-live in about 15 minutes.Massive cluster, massive parallelism. Extensive stats tracking.
  9. “Gregory House Theory”Not a theory of CDWaterfallApply the theory on a per-change basis (schemas vsTrans: How to change that curve?
  10. Hypothesis commits: What happens if I X?Pay attention to your S/N ratio. Refactoring in separate commits to pull out noise. (Behavior preserving? Behavior changing?)
  11. Bank that IVLots of “Lean Startup” and “Lean Thinking” benefits, covered elsewhere.
  12. Flickr switchesChrome dev-channel crashes constantly, but I still love it. (WebGL!)Google Labs
  13. Website is down! Write tests.“Install the client” test, fear barrier.
  14. Nagios alerts are an extension of test coverage.Cluster Immune is a hedge against the cost of big regressions. Does a subset of Nagios alerts with finely tuned parameters.Instant rollback (<15s) is so critical. Human processes (how do I do it? Who does it? What’s a serious regression?)Just go read “Release It!” – Michael NygardCan’t take out a MySQL instance with a bad queryApp works even if search is downIsolation: Think AppEngine.Schemas: Lock down. Review. Try to avoid. Key-value store (NoSQL or YesSQL)
  15. Schema changes are high friction; they’re often slow and expensive to deploy: most data stores fight the natural order of Continuous Deployment: small discrete schema changes.Everyone has established practices, patterns and unique situations given choice of database, Code works with schema v0 and v1 (i.e. adding a new row; code explicitly selects the columns it wants and ignores new row)Means you can always step the code and the database back (potentially multiple times, but that takes many steps)
  16. Schema changes are computationally expensive and risky
  17. Nike method: Just do itHot tub method: Ease into itNuclear option: quit your day job (amazon: switch teams)(Last one’s mostly a joke, but f you look at how the growth of agile methodologies: successful projects and dev environments attract talent; talent came from somewhere!)
  18. Putting it all together, examples:Web Startup: forget riskEstablished Service: velocity  IMVU“Big Business”: CD to opt-in customers, daily deploy of baked functionality.Medical: CD to test-environment.Principles apply everywhere.