2. Patent
Your invention:
Product: entire assembly
Component: member of a collection
Characteristic: descriptive quality
Element: most elementary member, a subunit of a component or product
Attribute: capability
4. Composition and Process For Treating
Metal
• Abstract: “…provides a conversion coating with good
protection against corrosion while requiring substantially
less chromium than previous coatings of equal corrosion
protection quality.”
• Background: “A very wide variety of materials have been
taught in the prior art for the general purposes of the
present invention, but most of them contain hexavalent
chromium or other inorganic oxidizing agents which are
environmentally undesirable….”
5. Summary of the Invention
• A. “a component of dissolved fluoroacids of one or more
metals selected from the group of elements consisting of
titanium, zirconium, hafnium, boron, aluminum,
silicon, germanium, and tin”
• B. “a component of one or more:”
• 1. dissolved or dispersed finely divided forms of
metals such as…but later mentions dispersion is
preferred
• 2. the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of such
metals that can chemically interact
6. Summary Continued
• A + B in sufficiently high enough concentrations, then
chemical reactions may occur at ambient temperatures
within 24 hours
• Some agitation and heating will help speed up the
reaction
• Also you do not want particles to settle in dispersed phase
• Compositions resulting from chemical interaction may
then be utilized as metal treating compositions, optionally
after being combined with a component (C) and
component (D) and component (E).”
7. What is Component (C)?
A water soluble or dispersible polymer and/or copolymer,
preferably selected from the groups consisting of:
• 1.) “Polymers and copolymers of one or more
x-(N—R1—N—R2-aminomethyl)-4-hydroxy-styerenes
x = 2, 4, 5, or 6 and R1 is preferably a methyl group
R2 = H(CHOH)nCH2--, where n is an integer 1 to 7 but
preferably 3 to 5
2.) epoxy resins
3.) polymers and copolymers of acrylic and methacrylic acids
and their salts
-Or a composition containing hexavalent chromium and
optionally trivalent chromium
8. What is Component (D) and (E)?
Component D
• Made up of water soluble oxides, carbonates, or
hydroxides of at least one metal element Ti, Zr, Hf, B, Al,
Si, Ge, and Sn
• Must be added after A + B
Component E
• Consists of oxidizing agents other than compounds
containing hexavalent chromium
• Comprises both nitrate (16-18 mM/L) and halide (0.50-
0.55 mM/L) ions
10. Lawyer Fees
• Odds increase that a meaningful patent will issue when
using an attorney with more skill and experience
• $10,000 to $20,000 for non-provisional
15. • 1600 – Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry
• 1700 – Chemical and Materials Engineering
• 2100 – Computer Architecture, Software, and Information
Security
• 2400 – Computer Networks, Multiplex communication, Video
Distribution, and Security
• 2600 – Communications
• 2800 – Semiconductors, Electrical and Optical Systems and
Components
• 2900 – Designs
• 3600 – Transportation, Construction, Electronic Commerce,
Agriculture, National Security and License & Review
• 3700 – Mechanical Engineering, Manufacturing, Products
16. Laws
• Provisional vs. non-provisional
• Patents undergo serious examination by USPTO patent examiner
• Patent examiners have incentive to reject over approve
• Professional response to case objections is a combination of claim
amendments and arguments on the law as applied to the case’s facts
17. Is it worth it?
• Protection
• Legitimacy
• Leverage
• Time
• Money
• Exposure
18. Business Strategy
• Licensing deals
• Trade secrets
“In the pharmaceutical industry it costs an average of $350
million for a new drug to be developed and 95% of drugs tested
on people cannot be proven to be both safe and effective.”
-Forbes
“IP-intensive industries are estimated to generate 72% more
value-added per employee than non-IP-intensive industries.”
-RTI Group
