Preventive Dentistry Third Year

1. ‫بسم ال الرحمن الرحيم‬
Prevention strategies for
special populations
PDS 332

2. Outline
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Overweight and obesity
Diabetes and cardiovascular diseases
Osteoporosis
Dealing with elder patients

3. • The bidirectional relationship between oral
health and general health: fundamental,
based on common risk factor.
• Health promotion is directed at the
underlying determinants as well as the
immediate causes of ill health
– Immediate causes: Diet and smoking
• Common risk factor approach model:
focus on the common risk factor that has
the greatest impact on health.

4. • What is a risk?
– The probability associated with a unique
condition of developing or experiencing a
change in health status
• How can you modify a risk factor?
– Modifying one factor can have effect on
others

6. Overweight and Obesity
• One of major public health problems in the
21st century
• 37% increase in medical expenses
• Risk of chronic diseases and cancer: more in
over weight.
• Availability of community-based programs
• Screening: examining individuals to
determine those at high risk of developing a
condition. a charge for all health care pro.
• Practice recommendations

7. Diabetes and cardiovascular
diseases
• Interactions with obesity and periodontal
diseases
• Evidence-based dietary recommendations

8. Osteoporosis
• What is it?
– Systemic skeletal disease, low bone mass,
micro- architectural deterioration of bone tissue,
increase in fragility and susceptibility to fracture.
• Bone mineral density (BMD): can be detected
by panoramix
• Its relationship with oral diseases: not
conclusive but linked with: tooth loss, perio
diseases, alveolar bone loss.
• Practice recommendations

9. Risk indicators for osteoporosis
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Women aged 65 years or older
Family history
Cigarette smoker
Early menopause
Low body weight
Physical inactivity
Diseases associated with osteoporosis risk
Use of medications associated with bone loss

10. • Access to care:
– The timely use of personal health services to
achieve the best possible health outcomes

12. Range of special populations

14. • Healthy elderly
– Oral health
• Caries: affected by medications, systemic
conditions, lower SES, smoking.
• Periodontal diseases: linked with hypertention,
CVD, DM. risk are: osteoporosis, smoking, low
salivary flow, depression.
• Edentulism: caused by chronic infection of the
teeth and supporting structures.
• Xerostomia: can cause: Candida, caries, perio.
saliva: buffer, lubricant, form bolus, enhance taste.

15. – Prevention
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Mouthwashes: chlorhexidine, powered toothbrush.
Prosthesis cleaning: immersion cleaner
Saliva stimulants
Periodic dental visits.

16. The physically challenged
• What is disability?
• Developmental disabilities
• Practice recommendations