2. From Popular Science Magazine
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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3. The IEEE 802 Wireless Space
Wireless Control That Simply Works
WWAN IEEE 802.22
IEEE 802.20
WMAN
Range
WiMax
IEEE 802.16
WLAN WiFi
802.11
ZigBee
802.15.3
802.15.4 Bluetooth
WPAN 802.15.3c
802.15.1
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Data Rate (Mbps)
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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4. Sensor/Control Network
Requirements
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Networks that can form by themselves, scale to
large sizes and operate very reliably for years
without any operator intervention
• Very long battery life (years off of a AA cell), very
low infrastructure cost (low device & setup costs)
and very low complexity and small size
• Device data rate and QoS needs are low
• Standardized protocols are necessary to allow
multiple vendors to interoperate
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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5. ZigBee Alliance Overview-
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Organized as an independent, neutral, nonprofit
corporation in 2002
• Open and global
• Anyone can join and participate
• Membership is from all over the world
• Activity includes
• Specification creation
• Certification and compliance programs
• Branding, market development, and user education
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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6. The ZigBee Alliance --
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Is a growing community of companies
• ~220 members vs. 35 Dec. ’02 (7+X Growth)
• Includes Chip Makers, Software Developers and End
Product Manufacturers– as well as Service Providers
• Has made its specification publicly available
• ZigBee is open to all
• 42,000+ downloads to date
• Has announced its 34th compliant platform
• ZigBee is all about multi-source with no dominating
elements or companies
• Watch for news at www.zigbee.org
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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7. ZigBee Promoter Companies
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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8. ZigBee Applications
Wireless Control That Simply Works
security
HVAC TV
AMR VCR
lighting control DVD/CD
access control remote
ZigBee
BUILDING CONSUMER
AUTOMATION ELECTRONICS
Wireless Control that
Simply Works
patient
mouse
monitoring
keyboard
fitness
joystick
PC &
PERSONAL
monitoring
PERIPHERALS
HEALTH CARE
TELECOM
SERVICES
asset mgt security
process m-commerce HVAC
control info services lighting control
INDUSTRIAL HOME
environmental object interaction access control
CONTROL CONTROL
energy mgt (Internet of Things) irrigation
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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9. Basic Network Characteristics
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• 65,536 network (client) nodes
• 27 channels over 2 bands
• 250Kbps data rate
• Optimized for timing-critical Network coordinator
applications and power ZigBee Router
management ZigBee End Device
Communications flow
• Full Mesh Networking Support Virtual links
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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10. ZigBee Mesh Networking
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide Courtesy of
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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11. ZigBee Mesh Networking
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide Courtesy of
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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12. ZigBee Mesh Networking
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide Courtesy of
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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13. ZigBee Mesh Networking
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide Courtesy of
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide 13
14. ZigBee Mesh Networking
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide Courtesy of
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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15. ZigBee Compliant Platform [ZCP]
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZDO
Application
Application
App Support (APS)
App Support (APS)
SSP
SSP
NWK
NWK
ZigBee Compliant
Medium Access (MAC)
Medium Access (MAC)
Platform
Physical Radio (PHY)
Physical Radio (PHY)
• Platform certification - ensures all parts of the stack other than the
application are compliant with the ZigBee Standard
• Allows Network interoperability but does not imply interoperability
at the application layer
• There are currently 34 Compliant Platforms to choose from
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide 15
16. Application Profiles
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZDO
Application
Application
App Support (APS)
App Support (APS)
SSP
SSP
NWK
NWK
Clusters Clusters
Medium Access (MAC)
Medium Access (MAC)
0: o f
f 0: fan o f
f
1: on 1: fan on
Physical Radio (PHY)
2: scene 1 2: temp set Physical Radio (PHY)
3: scene 2 3: time set
• Application profiles define what messages are sent over the air for a given
application
• Devices with the same application profiles interoperate end to end
• ZigBee publishes a set of public profiles, but vendors may create manufacturer
specific ones as well
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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17. Manufacturer Specific Profiles
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZDO
Application
Application
App Support (APS)
App Support (APS)
Certification testing SSP
SSP
ensures application NWK
NWK
does not interfere
with other ZigBee
Medium Access (MAC)
Medium Access (MAC)
networks
Physical Radio (PHY)
Physical Radio (PHY)
• Allows a vendor to build specialized products with a ZigBee Compliant Platform
• Certification testing ensures their product does not harm other ZigBee networks
• Manufacturer specific applications are not intended to interoperate at the
application layer
• Allows product vendor to use ZigBee language and logos on their product
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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18. ZigBee Public Profiles
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZDO
Application
Application
App Support (APS)
App Support (APS)
Ensures application SSP
SSP
conforms to a NWK
NWK
specific public
application profile Medium Access (MAC)
Medium Access (MAC)
Physical Radio (PHY)
Physical Radio (PHY)
• Guarantees interoperability between products all running the same public
application profile
• Product vendors may add additional features to the public profiles
• Allows product vendor to use ZigBee language and logos on their product
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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19. Interoperability Summary
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Interop
Public application
Manufacturer
capable
Network interop interop
Specific
starting point
application interop
ZigBee Manufacturer Specific
ZigBee Compliant ZigBee Public
Application Profiles
Platform [ZCP] Application Profiles
• Devices built on ZigBee interoperate on different levels
• Wide spectrum of interoperability choices
• It’s a designer choice on level of vendor interoperability to support
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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20. Some Application Profiles
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Home Automation [HA] • Industrial Plant Monitoring
[IPM]
– Defines set of devices used in home
automation – Consists of device definitions for
• Light switches sensors used in industrial control
• Thermostats • Temperature
• Window shade • Pressure sensors
• Heating unit • Infrared
• etc • etc
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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21. More Application Profiles
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Multiple profiles are in development
– Commercial Building Automation
• Building control, management, and monitoring
– Advance Metering Initiative
• Addresses utility meter reading/load control/demand response
– Telecom Services-Mcommerce
• Vendors may form new profile groups within ZigBee
and/or propose manufacturer specific profiles for
consideration
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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22. ZigBee – Highly Reliable
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Mesh networking protocol provides redundant paths
• Automatic retries and acknowledgements
• Parents keep track of messages for sleeping children
• High intrinsic interference tolerance
– Multiple channels
– Support for Frequency agility
– Robust modulation
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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23. ZigBee – Highly Secure
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Utilizes AES 128-bit encryption
• Concept of a “trust center”
• Link and network keys
• Authentication and encryption
• Security can be customized for the
application
• Keys can be “hard-wired” into application
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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24. Application Examples
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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25. Home Awareness
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Home Heartbeat
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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26. Home Entertainment & Control
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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27. In-Home Patient Monitoring
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Patients receive better care at reduced
cost with more freedom and comfort---
– Patients can remain in their own home graphic
• Monitors vital statistics and sends via internet
• Doctors can adjust medication levels
– Allows monitoring of elderly family member
• Sense movement or usage patterns in a home
• Turns lights on when they get out of bed
• Notify via mobile phone when anomalies occur
• Wireless panic buttons for falls or other problems graphic
– Can also be used in hospital care
• Patients are allowed greater movement
• Reduced staff to patient ratio
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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28. Commercial Lighting Control
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Wireless lighting control
– Quantifiable Energy savings
– Light switches/sensors anywhere
– Customizable lighting schemes
– Dimmable intelligent ballasts
– Opportunities in residential, light
commercial and commercial
• Extendable networks
– Lighting network can be integrated
with and/or be used by other
building control solutions
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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29. Wireless Lighting Control-key value drivers
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Simplify Lighting Control System design in both
new construction and retrofit applications
Reduced cost and complexity of system installation
Simplicity of Commissioning
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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30. Wireless Lighting Control-key value drivers
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Easy and intuitive to use facilitating improved
worker productivity
Operating cost and complexity reductions
Improved energy management and control
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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31. HVAC Energy Management
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Hotel energy management
– Centralized HVAC
management allow hotel
operator to make sure
empty rooms are not cooled
– Easy to Retrofit
– Battery operated
thermostats, occupancy
detectors, humidistats can
be placed for convenience
– Personalized room settings
at check-in
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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32. AMR network example
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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33. Advanced Metering Platform with ZigBee
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Rapid method to help manage global
electric generation shortage and meet
existing and pending legislation for
energy control
• Can network with other ZigBee devices
in the home for load control – e.g.
Heating/AC, Security, Lighting, White
Goods AMRON
Client 1
• Worldwide Standard ZigBee allows
communications between various meter
types from different manufacturers. AC
Water Gas
Meter Meter
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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34. ®
ZigBee In-premise Networks
Interface Consumer’s Devices
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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35. ZigBee Enables the “Smart Grid”
Wireless Control That Simply Works
ZigBee enables utilities to meet their business needs,
to support the ongoing development of the “smart
grid” and to empower customers
ZigBee empowers in-home communication for:
• customer communication
• data presentation
• load control
• demand response
Sources: Itron website
[http://www.itron.com/pages/openway.asp/];
DCSI presentation
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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36. SCE’s Vision for Advanced Metering
Wireless Control That Simply Works
SCE envisions a potential advanced metering system as one that could bring customer usage and meter data
into the digital “central nervous system” of its power operations. An advanced metering system could be the
information backbone for technologies that measure usage and power quality, and enable dynamic pricing and
demand response. The advanced system may enable customer-premise information and automation.
SCE’s AMI Program was recognized as
the 2005/2006 Best AMR Initiative in a
North American Investor-Owned Utility
in August 2006 by the Utility Planning
Network.
The scope of SCE’s metering solution is to replace approximately 5 million electric meters for SCE’s
residential, commercial and industrial customers (below 200kW in demand)…While SCE is an electric utility, we
anticipate that the preferred solution would provide a communications network that could be leveraged by
gas and water utilities in our service territory. Source: SCE website
[http://www.sce.com/PowerandEnvironment/ami/vision/]
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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37. Beyond the Home
from a Telecom perspective
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Z-SIM is the hub of the interaction between user and objects
Home
ZigBee Automation&Control
Smart Home Lights, HVAC, Domestic Mobile
appliances Terminal
Entertainment (e.g. DTT)
Healthcare, Tele-assistance Service
Monitoring & Security (e.g.
Distribution Center
temperature, gas)
Network
M-Commerce Services
m-payments (bar, shops,
supermarkets)
m-ticketing (cinema, train, bus)
Digital Smart City
Access Control
Parking payment system
Infomobility services (e.g. traffic
control)
Environmental Monitoring
Localization
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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38. Mobile Handset as ZigBee Gateway
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Use mobile handset as a gateway to collect and display
information
• In a mobile phone a ZigBee enabled SIM, the personal token,
can play the Gateway role
Service
NETWORK Center
OPERATOR
INFRASTRUCTURE
Confirmation
1.
for buying
“Il fuggiasco”.
ZigBee Network Push Ok.
The Telecom operator does more than transport data:
Trust-Center: security, user authentication, reliability
Service Provider of new value-added services
Service management, configuration and
personalization
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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39. Use Case (1) : DTT STB
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Pay-TV
Customers
Database
& Billing
DB STEP 3:Transaction with SMS
The mobile phone with
SIMTOOLKIT application
initiates the transaction
SIM Card Step 4: Unblock decoder
The Pay TV provider unblocks the
ZigBee Node
Encrypte
user smart-card and releases the
d Signal
event
DTT with ZigBee node
STEP 2: Data Exchange via ZigBee
Confirmation
1.
for buying
“Il fuggiasco”.
Push Ok.
The decoder sends the code event to STEP 1:
the Z-SIM, asking to buy the selected
The event (e.g. a film) is selected
event
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide 39
40. Use Case (2): Cinema Example
Wireless Control That Simply Works
STEP 1: Step 3:
Environment with ZigBee node The users with SIMTOOLKIT application buy the
content. The operator manages the bill
transaction and downloads the token to the SIM
for enabling the access to the cinema
DB
GPRS/UMTS
Cinema
STEP 2:
User having Z-SIM
is recognized by Encrypted
the environment
SMS
and is invited to
buy a cinema ticket
Do you
Step 4:
confirm the
purchase of
“La fabbrica di
cioccolato”?
The token is received
and sent to the printer
via ZigBee
The ticket is
automatically printed
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
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41. ZigBee Enables Enhanced Value
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Location Safety
Security
Maintenance
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide 41
42. Why ZigBee and 802.15.4 ?
Wireless Control That Simply Works
• Vibrant industry support with thirty or more vendors
supplying products and services
• Open Standards protocol with no or negligible licensing fees
• Chipsets available from multiple sources
• Remotely upgradeable firmware
• No new wires
• Low power (ability to operate on batteries measured in years)
• Reliable
• Low maintenance (meshing, self organizing)
• Ability to scale to hundreds (thousands) of devices
• Standards based security [AES128]
• Ability to read gas meters
Source: SCE website
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide 42
43. Closing Thought
Wireless Control That Simply Works
“Just as the personal computer was a symbol of
the '80s, and the symbol of the '90s is the World
Wide Web, the next nonlinear shift, is going to be
the advent of cheap sensors.”
-Paul Saffo
Institute for the Future
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide 43
44. More Information
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Be a part of the future-Join the ZigBee Alliance
Visit the ZigBee Pavilian
ZigBee Alliance Web Site
http://www.ZigBee.org
Bob Heile, ZigBee Alliance Chairman, bheile@ieee.org
ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works
Slide 44