NFIP Overview Flood Risk Information System Elevation Certificate

NFIP Overview
Flood Risk Information System
Elevation Certificate

By: Maureen O’Shea, AICP, CFM
NFIP Planner
For: Wilmington Regional Association of Realtors
March 13, 2013
North Carolina Emergency Management

Example: Elevated Home


Purposes of the NFIP

Identify & map flood hazard areas
Provide a framework for floodplain management
regulations
Make flood insurance available in Communities
that participate in the NFIP


Effects of Hurricane Floyd on NC

51 deaths

$3.5 billion in damages to
homes,
roads,
businesses, &
infrastructure

31,000 jobs lost


NFIP Background

Prior to the creation of the NFIP in 1968:
Flood insurance coverage was not available
No national flood mapping program
No Federal minimum standards for floodplain
management
Escalating costs to taxpayers for flood disaster
relief


NFIP Goals
Reduce loss of life & loss of property
Reduce rising disaster relief costs
Increase importance of hazard mitigation (flood resistant
construction, guide future development, & prohibit
development in floodplains that would increase flood
levels)
Restore & protect natural resources & functions of floodplains
Decrease taxpayer-funded disaster costs
Make Federally backed insurance coverage available to
property owners


NFIP

To join NFIP, communities must submit:
Resolution of intent to “maintain in force…adequate
land use & control measures” & to cooperate with
FEMA
Their adopted floodplain management regulations
(often are referenced within zoning ordinances,
building codes, subdivision ordinances, sanitary
ordinances, or floodplain ordinances)


Community
Issuing or denying floodplain development &/or
building permits
Inspecting all development to ensure
compliance with local ordinances
Maintaining records of floodplain development
Assisting in preparation & revision of floodplain
maps
Helping residents obtain information on flood
hazards, floodplain map data, flood insurance, &
proper construction measures


Sanctions for Non-Participation
No Federal grants or loans for development in Special Flood
Hazard Areas (SFHAs) under Federal programs
No Federal disaster assistance to repair insurable buildings
located in SFHAs
No Federal mortgage insurance or loan guarantees in
SFHAs
Federally insured or regulated lenders must notify applicants
seeking loans in SFHAs that:
 There is a flood hazard
 The property is not eligible for Federal disaster relief


NFIP Regulations

Communities must adopt & enforce ordinances that
meet or exceed NFIP criteria
NFIP criteria ensures that new buildings will
be protected from flood levels shown on
digital FIRM
Over time, stock of pre-FIRM buildings should be
replaced with post-FIRM buildings & risk to
flooding reduced


Definition: Flood
A “flood” is defined by the NFIP as “a temporary
condition of partial or complete inundation of
normally dry land areas from:
Overflow of inland or tidal waters or
Unusual or rapid accumulation or runoff of surface
waters from any source”


Definition: Floodplain
Any land area susceptible to inundation by water from any source

Floodplain


Flood Zone Designations


Flood Zone Designations

Shaded X is a.k.a. 500-year storm event


Hurricane Irene, Aurora, NC


Example: Elevated Modular Home


Biloxi, MS, April 1, 2006 - Beauvoir, the National Historic
Landmark home of Jefferson Davis, is one of very few wooden
homes still standing in the coastal Mississippi area after Hurricane
Katrina.


Biloxi, Miss., August 19, 2010 - Construction is complete on the
Jefferson Davis Home. The house was heavily damaged by
Hurricane Katrina in 2005. FEMA provided grants for the project.


After Hurricane Katrina


After Elevation & Restoration


Elevation Certificate


Newest Elevation Certificate

New version of the Elevation Certificate (EC)
effective August 1, 2013 – July 31, 2015.

Available for download
(in both PDF & MS Word format)
from FEMA’s website at:

http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1383


Elevation Certificate Form
 Verify Regulatory compliance
 Flood Insurance Policy Rating
 Support of applications for map
revisions & amendments
NOTE:
Data collected on this form is for
the construction & utility service to
a single STRUCTURE only – not
the lot or other improvements.


The Community’s EC Review

Community Officials must review EC’s before accepting them.
This ensures:
 Completeness
 Reasonableness/Accuracy
 Compliance

If a problem is found, return to the professional for correction.

Structure will be in violation until proper Finished Construction
Elevation Certificate is provided.


Section A (no changes)


Sections A1-A3

 Complete all items, except “For Insurance Company Use”.
 A1. Building Owner’s(s’) Name(s)
 A2. Building Address - 911 address of building location.
 A3. The address is a rural route, enter the lot & block
numbers, the tax parcel number, the legal description.


Section A4

 A4. Building Use - residential, non-residential, an addition
to an existing residential or non-residential building, an
accessory building (e.g., garage), or other type of structure.
 Use the Comments area on page 2 or attach
additional comments, as needed.


Section A5

 Latitude/Longitude taken at the center of the front of the
building.
 Decimal degrees: provide coordinates to at least 4 decimal
places (e.g., 39.5043°, -110.7585°).
 Coordinates must be accurate within 66 feet.
 Provide the type of datum used - FEMA prefers the use of
NAD 1983.


Sections A6 (a change)

 A6. Attach photographs showing at least the front & rear of
the building. Must be in color & measure at least 3”x3”. If
split-level or multi-level, side views are also required.
**When applicable photographs must show the
foundation with representative examples of the
flood openings or vents. **


Sections A7 (no changes)

 A7. Enter the building diagram number that best
represents the building.
 There are 10 building diagrams.
 Use the Comments area on page 2 or attach additional
comments, as needed.


Building Diagram 1A


Building Diagram 1B


Building Diagram 2


Building Diagram 3


Building Diagram 4


Building Diagram 5


Building Diagram 6


Building Diagram 7


Building Diagram 8


Building Diagram 9


Section A8a-b

For buildings with a crawlspace or enclosure(s):
A8.a. Square footage of crawlspace or enclosure(s). Take
measurements from the outside.
A8.b. Number of permanent flood openings in the crawlspace
or enclosure(s) that are no higher than 1.0 foot above the higher
of the exterior or interior grade or floor immediately below the
opening


Section A8c

 A8.c. Calculate the total net area of all such permanent flood
openings in square inches, excluding any bars, louvers, or other
covers of the permanent flood openings.
If the net area cannot be calculated, provide the size of the flood
openings without consideration of any covers & indicate in the
Comments area the type of cover that exists in the flood openings.


Section A8d

A8.d. Engineered flood openings. Attach a copy of the
Individual Engineered Flood Openings Certification or an
Evaluation Report issued by the International Code Council
Evaluation Service (ICC ES), if you have it.
If the crawlspace or enclosure(s) have no permanent flood openings,
or if the openings are not within 1.0 foot above adjacent grade, enter
“0” (zero) in Items A8.b-c.
FEMA Technical Bulletin 1: “Openings in Foundation Walls & Walls of Enclosures”


Standards for Elevation
on Perimeter Wall Foundations

 In Zones A & AE, fully enclosed areas below the lowest
floor shall be designed to automatically equalize
hydrostatic flood forces on walls by allowing for the entry &
exit of floodwaters
 To meet this requirement, the openings must be:
 certified by a registered engineer or architect, OR
 meet or exceed the minimum opening requirements


Hydrostatic Openings

Permanent Opening in a Wall that Allows
the Free Passage of Water in Both Directions,
AUTOMATICALLY,
without Human Intervention.

A Window, a Door, or a Garage Door is NOT
Considered an Opening.


Minimum Requirements for
Foundation Openings
 Minimum of two openings on different sides of each enclosed
area.
 The total net area of all openings must be at least one (1)
square inch for each square foot of enclosed area.
 The bottom of all required openings shall be no higher than
one foot above the adjacent grade at each opening.
 Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, or other
“automatic” coverings or devices, provided they permit the
automatic flow of floodwaters in both directions.


Net area?


1 foot?


This is < 1 foot


This is compliant


Plexiglas cover.North Carolina Emergency Management
This is a violation!!

Spray foam insulation. Emergency Management
North Carolina This is a violation!!

Engineered Openings/Vents


Section A9 (no changes)

 Same as Section A8, but for garage when the
garage is attached to the building.
 Use the Comments area on page 2 or attach
additional comments, as needed.


Sections B1-B9 (no changes)

 B1. Enter name of Community which has permitting jurisdiction.
 B4. Enter the 10 digit panel number.
 B5. Enter the panel suffix (letter following panel number).
 B6. Enter the date from the FIRM Index Panel.
 B7. Enter the FIRM panel effective date.
 B8. Enter the Flood Zone(s) related to the structure.
 B9. Enter the Base Flood Elevation (BFE) for the structure to the
nearest tenth of a foot .


Section B1-9

 Complete the Elevation Certificate on the basis of
the FIRM in effect at the time of the
certification.
 Additional &/or preliminary data may be provided in
Comments Section.


Title Block
Community names & CID
numbers
FIRM Panel Effective Date
10-digit Map Number
(based on state plane
coordinates) & Suffix (letter)


Sections B10-B12

 B10. Check the box for source of BFE data. These are listed in the
order of preference. If the flooding source is riverine, the “FIS
Profile” box should be selected.
 B11. Check the box for elevation datum used in Item B9. NC
maps currently use NAVD 1988.
 B12. Indicate whether or not the building is located in a Coastal
Barrier Resource System (CRBS) or Otherwise Protected Area
(OPA). Enter the designation date & check “CBRS” or “OPA”.


Coastal Barrier Resource System
OPA CBRS
11/16/1991 10/01/1983


Section C


Section C1

 Item C1. The elevations to be entered in this section are
based on construction drawings, a building under
construction, or finished construction.
 Use the Comments area of Section D as needed.
 “Finished Construction” is only when all machinery &/or
equipment (furnaces, hot water heaters, heat pumps, air
conditioners, elevators & their associated equipment) have
been installed & the grading around the building is completed.


Section C2

 Enter the Benchmark Utilized. Provide the PID or other unique
identifier assigned by the maintainer of the benchmark. For GPS
survey, indicate the benchmark used for the base station, the
Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) sites used for
an On-line Positioning User Service (OPUS) solution (attach the
OPUS report), or the name of the Real Time Network used.
 Note the Vertical Datum. All elevations for the certificate must use
the same datum on which the BFE is based.


Section C2.a-d

 Items C2.a-c. Enter the building elevations (excluding the
attached garage) indicated by the selected building diagram
(Item A7).
 If there is an attached garage, enter the elevation for top of
attached garage slab in Item C2.d.
 If any item does not apply to the building, enter “N/A” for not
applicable.


Section C2.a-d

 A field survey is required for Items C2.a-h.
 For buildings in A zones:
 Elevations should be measured at the top of the floor.
 For buildings in V zones:
 Elevation must be measured at the bottom of the
lowest horizontal structural member .
 For buildings elevated on a crawlspace enter the elevation of
the top of the crawlspace floor in Item C2.a.


Lowest Floor in ZONE A, AE

The lowest floor C2b
is measured at
the top of the
sub-floor, slab
or grade for A8

regulatory &
C2a
flood insurance
purposes EC References to
BOTTOM Floor


Lowest Floor in ZONE V & VE

C2a
Bottom of the
lowest horizontal EC References to
BOTTOM Floor
structural
member C2c

supporting the
C2a*
lowest floor
*If solid enclosure
below BFE as in
Diagram 6


Section C2.e

 Enter the lowest platform elevation of the machinery & equipment.
 The elevation(s) for machinery & equipment are required in order to
rate the building for flood insurance.
 Local officials are required to ensure that all machinery &
equipment servicing the building are protected from flooding,
including ductwork, be documented on the Elevation Certificate.
 If the machinery or equipment is mounted to a wall, pile, etc.,
indicate machinery/equipment type & its location (on floor inside
garage, on platform affixed to exterior wall, etc.) in the Comments
area.


High Water
Mark


Anchored Propane Tank

Properly anchored


Section C2.f-h

 Item C2.f. Enter the lowest elevation of the ground, sidewalk,
or patio slab immediately next to the building.
 Item C2.g. Enter the highest elevation of the ground,
sidewalk, or patio slab immediately next to the building.
 Item C2.h. Enter the lowest grade elevation at the deck
support, or stairs.
These measurements must be to the
nearest tenth of a foot.


Section D (change)

Original Signature & Seal are required


Section D

Use the Comments section for as needed
clarifications, explanations, etc. .


Photographs (change)

At least 2 color photographs, 3” x 3”


Quick EC Review
 Form completed by a NC surveyor
 Surveyor/Engineer is providing data points
 Community Officials & Flood Insurance Agents
must determine compliance details
 The locations of elevations such as BFE, HAG &
LAG are determined by building type
 Color photos (2 minimum), & must show the
foundation with representative examples of the
flood openings or vents


NC


Bolivar Peninsula, TX 10/15/08

Hurricane Ike 20 ft. storm surge


Gilchrist, TX 8/16/09
Hurricane Ike, 20 ft. storm surge;
Town of Gilchrist destroyed; only the stilt homes survived


Hurricane Sandy – Sea Bright NJ


Hurricane Sandy – Mantoloking NJ


Hurricane Sandy - Union Beach NJ


Hurricane Sandy – Union Beach NJ


Resources

Resources:
Flood Insurance Rate Maps
www.ncfloodmaps.com
www.msc.fema.gov
Flood Insurance
www.fema.gov/national-flood-insurance-program
www.floodsmart.gov
CRS
www.fema.gov/national-flood-insurance-program/community-rating-system


Contact Information
NC Geospatial & Technology
Management Office
Floodplain Mapping Program
www.ncfloodmaps.com
John Gerber, P.E., CFM
State NFIP Coordinator Maureen O’Shea, AICP, CFM
(919) 825-2317 NFIP Planner
John.Gerber@ncdps.gov (252) 565-3206
Maureen.OShea@ncdps.gov
Randy Mundt, AICP, CFM
Community Development Planner III
(919) 825-2339
Randy.Mundt@ncdps.gov

Federal Emergency Management Agency
1-877-FEMA-MAP
http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/fhm/fmc_main.shtm


Questions?
Thank You!

New Tool for
Flood & Hazard Planning
Flood Risk Information System
(FRIS)

Wilmington Regional Association of Realtors
March 13, 2013

Flood Risk Information System (FRIS)


Older Map versus Digital Map
Dotey’s Branch in Jacksonville, NC


Digital Map
2009 NC Statewide DFIRM Panel


Ingredients of a DFIRM

+

Base Map Topography


Building Footprints Layer
Reason for Development:
To know what portion of the structure is in a flood zone
 (e.g.: all in, all out, or partially in),
To provide expanded potential for additional hazard
assessments.


FRIS DFIRM Map Symbology


FRIS DFIRM Display


FRIS Display View/Print/Map Export


FRIS Preliminary DFIRM


Coming Attraction: Updated Hazard Data

NCFMP is currently funded
to update 50 counties with
new / updated models.

All coastal counties will
receive updated models
that include new storm
surge Still water
information.
Onslow Co. & Pender Co. ~ 1/2014


Integrated Hazard Risk Management

(iRisk)

IHRM Scope: Hazard Identification
Identifies & displays all natural hazards at different
magnitude levels / annual frequency on the parcel,
statewide, & national level for:

Riverine flooding Coastal erosion
Dam failure Landslides
Levee failure Earthquakes
Coastal flooding Wind (straight line/hurricane)
Storm surge from hurricanes Tornadoes
Coastal erosion Wildfire
Landslides Snow/Ice, Hail
Earthquakes Drought
Sea Level Rise


Current & Intended Uses

 Vulnerability & Hazard Risk Identification
 Loss Estimation
 Assistance with Recovery Operations
 Enhancements to Floodplain Mapping


FRIS Vulnerability/Risk Information


FRIS Financial Vulnerability/Risk


FRIS Reduce My Risk


FRIS Produce a FIRMETTE


10 Minute Break
NC Floodplain Mapping Contacts:

John Gerber, PE, CFM
State NFIP Coordinator
(919) 825-2317
John.Gerber@ncdps.gov

Randy Mundt, AICP, CFM
Community Development Planner III
(919) 825-2339
Randy.Mundt@ncdps.gov

Maureen O’Shea, AICP, CFM
NFIP Planner
(252) 565-3206
Maureen.OShea@ncdps.gov


NFIP Overview Flood Risk Information System Elevation Certificate

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