SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  26
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
PlayDecide: Malaria


Thank you for downloading this Decide kit!

Every kit contains all the necessary elements for a group of up to 8 people playing Decide. If you have
more participants, provide each group with a kit.

The kit can be printed on A4 paper or cardboard. For best results, use 160g/m2 paper.

The first 9 pages have borders of different colours, indicating the colour of the paper on which they
should be printed. There are 3 or 4 green, 3 or 4 blue, 1 yellow and 2 orange sheets.

The other pages should be printed on white paper or cardboard.

The last 4 pages contain the placemat and the instructions for each participant.

It is important that each participant has a placemat in A3 format.

The instruction card should be printed preferably in colour, although it will work also in black and white.

Make sure that there are as many placemats and instructions cards as there are participants.

Enjoy Decide!

For any question or information on how to play the game, please email: info@playdecide.org
Instructions

1.
Preparation.

Print out the PDFs on coloured paper or light cardboard according to the files’ names.

You need the following A4 sheets: yellow (1), orange (2), green (3 or 4), blue (3 or 4) and white (7).

Cut out the cards.

Print or copy as many placemats and instructions as there are players. Decide works best when
played by 4 to 8 people.




2.
Getting started.

From start to finish, Decide will take 80 minutes to play.

All players have a ‘placemat’ in front of them. There are different types of cards that will gradually fill
up the placemats.

The facilitator talks the players through the flow of decide using the visual instructions. He or she
points out the aims of the game.

During the first part of Decide, information is gathered and shared. Then the discussion phase follows.

In the third part the players try to formulate a shared group response. Decide ends when the results
are uploaded to www.playdecide.eu and to the Xplore Health blog.

Before the first phase starts, the facilitator reminds all players about the conversation guidelines
(bottom left) and hands out the yellow cards.

Anyone can raise a yellow card to pause the discussion in case they feel someone is not respecting
the guidelines. When the issue is solved, the discussion resumes.

On the top right there is a space for notes and ‘initial thoughts’.
3.
Phase 1. Information

This part of the game will take approximately 30 minutes. All players read the introduction (top-left).

All players read a few storycards, choose one, which is significant for them and put it on the placemat.

Each player briefly summarizes their storycard.

All players exchange and read infocards, choose two, which are significant for them and put them on
the placemat. Each player briefly summarizes their infocards.

All players read issuecards, choose two, which are significant for them and put them on the placemat.

Each player briefly summarizes their issuecards.

Players can use the white cards at any time to add information and issues if needed. (Not all steps are
shown, the same procedure is repeated for story-, info- and issuecards. At the end of this phase all
types of cards are on the placemats as shown in the last image)




4.
Phase 2. Discussion

This part of the game takes approximately another 30 minutes.

There are different ways to discuss. You can choose one that fits the character of the group.

There is the ‘Free form’. No restrictions, the discussion flows among the players. Everyone tries to
respect the guidelines (if not the yellow cards can be used).

A more structured way to discuss is to ‘talk in rounds’.

If the discussion is difficult or it slows down, ‘challengecards’ might loosen things up. The facilitator
hands them out, face down. Players read them and take action.

During this phase, players use the cards to sustain their arguments.

They put on the table the cards that back up their contributions, group them and record the discussion
by making clusters around the themes that reflect the group’s vision.

All types of cards can be used to make a cluster. At the end of this phase there should be at least one
cluster.
5.
Phase 3. A shared group response

This last part of decide will take approximately 20 minutes. Everybody reads the 4 policy positions.

Based on the conclusions of the cluster(s), all players vote individually in turn on all 4 policies.

Try to look for common ground. Is there a policy position you can all live with? If not, try as a group to
formulate your own ‘fifth policy’.




6.
Upload results

The facilitator transfers the results on the voting form using the ‘Share your results’ function on
www.playdecide.eu. Your results will be added to the results of all other Decide sessions played in
Europe.

The facilitator publishes a post on the Xplore Health blog to share the experience with other
audiences, and links to the Play Decide website where the results are published.




Decide game developed by Michael Creek, in collaboration with Barcelona Science Park, in the
context of the Xplore Health project.

With the kind collaboration of Caterina Guinovart,
researcher at the Barcelona Institute for Global Health,
ISGlobal.

Thanks also to Paola Rodari at SISSA Medialab and Andrea Bandelli for their invaluable feedback.

The PlayDecide game format was developed by the projects DECIDE and FUND: see
www.playdecide.eu
Info Card 1                                  Info Card 2                              Info Card 3
Genetic protection against                   Acquired immunity to malaria             Malaria and pregnancy
malaria
                                             In areas where malaria is endemic,       During pregnancy, women are more
One third of the population in               people develop a natural acquired        at risk of severe diseases like
sub-Saharan Africa possess a form            immunity to malaria. If children         malaria. Malaria infection can also
of genetic protection against malaria.       survive the first years of life after    cross the placenta and affect the
They are born with one copy of the           repeated exposure to the malaria         foetus.
gene for Sickle Cell Anaemia or              parasite, they become semi-immune,
Thalassaemia, which confers certain          which means malaria infection will
protection against severe malaria.           show no symptoms or only mild
                                             symptoms.




Info Card 4                                  Info Card 5                              Info Card 6
Development of a malaria                     Insecticides and malaria                 Preventing malaria in
vaccine                                      prevention                               pregnant women (IPTp)

A new vaccine, called RTS,S and              To prevent malaria, one very             A strategy called Intermittent
produced by GlaxoSmithKline, has             successful method is to spray the        Preventive Treatment for pregnant
shown to be partially effective against      walls of houses with insecticidal        women (IPTp), which means taking
infection and clinical malaria in            sprays, and to distribute nets treated   an antimalarial drug 2 or 3 times
babies and children up to 5. A clinical      with insecticides, to sleep under.       during pregnancy, is now
trial is ongoing with thousands of           Insecticide-treated nets require         recommended in endemic areas. It is
children in Africa. If successful, it will   regular re-treatment.                    recommended that pregnant women
become the first malaria vaccine to                                                   sleep under insecticide-treated nets.
be licensed. However, it will only be
effective in about 50% of children.




Info Card 7                                  Info Card 8                              Info Card 9
Intermittent preventive                      Eliminating malaria                      Malaria and the economy
treatment in infants (IPTi)
                                             Malaria has been successfully            In Africa, malaria is thought to be
The WHO recommends IPTi for                  eliminated from several parts of the     responsible for 12 billion US dollars
infants in endemic areas. This is a full     world, through a combination of          every year in public and private
course of antimalarial drugs given to        medical and environmental                spending, resulting in a loss of 1.3%
infants at the same time as routine          strategies, including drainage of        of gross domestic product per year.
vaccinations - usually at 3, 4 and 9         habitats where mosquitos breed, use
months of age. It is also                    of antimalarial drugs and use of
recommended that infants and young           insecticides.
children sleep under
insecticide-treated nets.
Info Card 10                                 Info Card 11                             Info Card 12
Who gets malaria?                            Where is most affected by                The scale of insecticide use
                                             malaria?
Around 90% of the cases in Africa                                                     In Africa, 75 million people (around
occur in children under 5 and                Around 91% of all malaria cases          10% of those at risk of malaria) were
pregnant women. Older children and           occurred in the African region during    protected by having their household
non-pregnant adults are                      2010, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa.      walls sprayed with insecticide in
semi-immune and protected from               Asia, Latin America, and to a lesser     2009.
severe disease.                              extent the Middle East and parts of
                                             Europe are also affected.




Info Card 13                                 Info Card 14                             Info Card 15
Treatment for malaria                        RDT: A new method of                     How widespread is preventive
                                             diagnosis                                treatment in pregnancy?
Malaria can be treated and cured.
Nowadays artemisinin-combination             The Rapid Diagnostic Test is a new       33 out of the 43 countries in Africa
treatments (ACTs) are                        device that detects the presence of      where malaria is endemic adopted
recommended, which combine                   the parasite in the blood without the    intermittent preventive treatment for
several antimalarial drugs. ACTs are         need of a microscope. This technique     pregnant women as national policy
part of the national policy for              is ideal for remote areas where there    by the end of 2009.
treatment in 90% of countries where          is no microscope, microscopist or
malaria is endemic.                          electricity. About 30 million RDTs
                                             were delivered by ministries of health
                                             in 2009.




Info Card 16                                 Info Card 17                             Info Card 18
Aiming to eradicate malaria                  Coverage of                              What do we mean by
                                             insecticide-treated nets                 “endemic”?
In 2008, the Roll Back Malaria
initiative, after a call from the Bill and   Between 2008 and 2010, around 289        An infection is said to be endemic in
Melinda Gates Foundation, declared           million insecticide-treated nets were    a population when, if nothing
that eradication was a moral                 distributed around the world, covering   changes, the number of people
obligation for the international             around 76% of people at risk. This       infected will neither increase nor
community and suggested that it              was still below the 80% target set by    decrease, but remain at a steady
should be the final goal. The Global         the Roll Back Malaria partnership.       state. Malaria is endemic in 106
Malaria Action Plan was launched,                                                     countries.
and is ongoing.
Info Card 19                                Info Card 20                            Info Card 21
Malaria and conflict                        Malaria and education                   Malaria and children

In many low-income countries, civil         In areas where malaria is endemic,      One in five of all childhood deaths in
war and international conflicts have        20% to 50% of African schoolchildren    Africa are due to malaria. It is
led to the breakdown of malaria             suffer from malaria each year.          estimated that an African child has on
control programmes. Incidence of            Malaria is a leading cause of illness   average between 1.6 and 5.4
malaria has increased since these           and absenteeism among students          episodes of malaria fever each year.
conflicts. Money is needed to rebuild       and teachers and impairs attendance     Every 30 seconds a child dies from
the national programmes.                    and learning.                           malaria in Africa.




Info Card 22                                Info Card 23                            Info Card 24
Malaria and childbirth                      Cost to households                      Cost to governments

Pregnant women are at high risk not         The average African household           In some countries, malaria accounts
only of dying from the complications        spends 10% of its yearly income on      for up to 40% of public health
of severe malaria, but also of              prevention and treatment of malaria.    expenditures; 30% to 50% of
spontaneous abortion, premature                                                     inpatient hospital admissions; and up
delivery or stillbirth. Malaria is also a                                           to 60% of outpatient health clinic
cause of severe maternal anaemia                                                    visits.
and is responsible for about one third
of preventable low birth weight
babies.




Info Card 25                                Info Card 26                            Info Card 27
Capacity building                           Resistance to antimalarial              Where has malaria been
                                            drugs                                   eliminated?
Countries affected by malaria often
do not have strong enough                   The parasite that infects people with   The Maldives, Tunisia, and most
healthcare programmes to cope. Part         malaria can become resistant to         recently Morocco, Syria and the
of the global fund to fight malaria is      antimalarial drugs over time,           United Arab Emirates are some of
spent on improving these systems,           depending on the drug and the           the countries which have eliminated
training staff, communicating to the        location. A parasite can be resistant   malaria from within their borders. In
public and monitoring implementation        to a drug in one country and not in     the past, many countries in Europe,
of malaria programmes.                      another, for example. Antimalarial      North America and Australasia also
                                            drugs are not suitable for continuous   had malaria transmission.
                                            use in endemic areas, as the parasite
                                            can soon become resistant and
                                            potentially interfere with acquired
                                            natural immunity.
Issue Card 1                               Issue Card 2                               Issue Card 3
Economic effects of malaria                Malaria and social justice                 Vaccine cost and availability

Malaria affects mainly pregnant            Malaria usually affects the poorest,       To have a real impact, a vaccine
women and children, which has              most vulnerable and least powerful         must be cheap (it can be expensive
significant impacts not only on            people in society. Care must               but subsidised) and available to the
families, but on economic                  therefore be taken to ensure that          most needed. If a vaccine is
development. Resources are diverted        malaria programmes really reach            produced, funding must be put in
from productive economic activity to       those in the most need.                    place to ensure countries make it
nursing sick children. Malaria is an                                                  available. Otherwise, it would remain
important cause of school                                                             a luxury for rich people.
absenteeism, because children suffer
malaria or because they have to take
time off school or work to look after
relatives with malaria.




Issue Card 4                               Issue Card 5                               Issue Card 6
Are nets the solution?                     Getting the message across                 Spraying insecticides: for and
                                                                                      against
Nets treated with insecticide are          It is not always easy for citizens in
cheap and relatively easily                malaria-hit countries to find out about    Spraying houses may be as effective
distributed. In an area where nets are     malaria prevention and treatment.          as nets in limiting malaria. But it uses
used, even people without nets may         Programmes to educate them have            more insecticide, which can be toxic
be less likely to become infected. But     to be funded.                              to humans when breathed in or
nets rarely eliminate the possibility of                                              swallowed. More insecticide means
infection altogether, as mosquitos do                                                 more cost and a greater chance that
not only bite while people are                                                        mosquitoes develop resistance.
sleeping. Over time, mosquitoes can
also acquire resistance to the
insecticides in the nets.




Issue Card 7                               Issue Card 8                               Issue Card 9
Difficulties of prevention                 Old and new antimalarial                   Treatment strategy
using drugs                                drugs
                                                                                      In a population where funding is
Travellers to endemic countries can        In some regions, the parasite that         limited, how do you decide who to
take antimalarial drugs as prevention      transmits malaria has become               treat? Those most in need? The
against contracting malaria. But           resistant to older types of antimalarial   poorest? Those with the most acute
continuous use of drugs to prevent         drugs. Developing newer treatments         conditions? Those who have the
infection is not feasible for most         can be expensive.                          least access to hospitals?
people who live in malaria endemic
areas – mainly due to problems of
cost, availability and drug resistance.
Issue Card 10                             Issue Card 11                              Issue Card 12
Malaria and poverty                       What is needed for                         Getting consent from
                                          elimination?                               participants for research
Malaria is more likely to affect poor
people as they have poor living           Elimination of malaria from an area        Researchers need participants from
conditions, poor general health and       requires significant investment and        countries with malaria in order to test
little access to malaria prevention       coordination. If eradication efforts are   new treatments, for example. It is
tools. Malaria also makes people          not carried through systematically,        difficult to ensure these participants
poorer – they have to pay for             then there is a risk that the parasite     are informed and really agree to the
treatment and lose money from time        transmitting malaria can become            tests, for reasons to do with
off work. Wiping out poverty is part of   resistant to the insecticides, or to the   language, cultural diversity, or
the battle against malaria.               drugs used to prevent infection.           relative lack of knowledge of medical
                                                                                     practice and scientific research.




Issue Card 13                             Issue Card 14                              Issue Card 15
Why do participants sign up               How much is spent on malaria               Where should research be
for research?                             compared to public health                  focused?
                                          issues elsewhere?
People in malaria-hit countries may                                                  Not all research money is spent
take part in clinical trials to get the   €4 billion was spent on malaria in         directly on developing new
benefit of new drugs which they could     2009, a disease which can potentially      treatments and methods of
not otherwise afford to pay for.          affect 3 billion of the poorest people     prevention. Some is also spent to
                                          in the world. Governments spent €59        better understand the biology of the
                                          billion tackling obesity in 2006 in the    parasite and how immunity is
                                          EU alone.                                  acquired, for example.




Issue Card 16                             Issue Card 17                              Issue Card 18
Prevention or treatment?                  Individual treatment getting               Eradication: mission
                                          cheaper                                    impossible?
It is more cost-effective to spend
money on preventing malaria               Treating malaria patients can only         Scientists generally agree that with
transmission, rather than treating        become cheaper. As funding                 currently available tools, malaria can
existing cases of malaria. But from an    programmes increase, there is              be better controlled and eliminated in
ethical perspective, we cannot leave      greater demand and so drug                 some areas, but not eradicated
people untreated, when there is a         companies have to make their prices        worldwide, unless new tools are
treatment available.                      more competitive.                          developed.
Issue Card 19                           Issue Card 20                            Issue Card 21
Should we rely on DDT?                  Patent protection                        The social impact of
                                                                                 elimination
DDT is an insecticide used in some      The most effective malaria treatments
African and South-East Asian            are relatively expensive since they      Eliminating malaria often means
countries against mosquitoes. It is     rely on patented medications –           draining wetlands to prevent
banned in most of the world for its     treatments that have been                mosquitoes breeding. But this can
harmful effects on health and the       “copyrighted” by drug companies, to      lead to loss of jobs or homes for
environment. As DDT accumulates in      prevent generic versions of a new        those who live and work in wetlands.
the soil, health impacts begin to       drug being copied and circulated
appear in fish, other marine animals,   more cheaply. But if governments
birds, and even humans and other        drop this patent protection, drug
mammals.                                companies will not invest in
                                        anti-malarial drugs because the
                                        research is so expensive.




Issue Card 22                           Issue Card 23                            Issue Card 24
Resistance to combination               How much should be spent on              Preferred channels for
therapy                                 malaria?                                 education

There is already evidence of            Countries where malaria is endemic       People in Tanzania with low access
parasites becoming resistant to the     often have other serious public health   to information on malaria were
new ACT combination therapy used        and development problems such as         surveyed to find out how they would
to treat malaria in some countries of   poverty, hunger and HIV. How can         like to be informed. 74% said radio,
South East Asia. This can be partly     we determine where to spend aid          41% by their doctor, 38% by friends
because the individual drugs in the     money?                                   and family and 29% by TV.
combination therapy were commonly
distributed, before the combination
therapy became the recommended
treatment.
Guidelines Yellow Card!        Guidelines Yellow Card!        Guidelines Yellow Card!

Use the yellow card to help    Use the yellow card to help    Use the yellow card to help
the group stick to the         the group stick to the         the group stick to the
guidelines. Wave it if you     guidelines. Wave it if you     guidelines. Wave it if you
feel a guideline is being      feel a guideline is being      feel a guideline is being
broken or if you do not        broken or if you do not        broken or if you do not
understand what is going on.   understand what is going on.   understand what is going on.




Guidelines Yellow Card!        Guidelines Yellow Card!        Guidelines Yellow Card!

Use the yellow card to help    Use the yellow card to help    Use the yellow card to help
the group stick to the         the group stick to the         the group stick to the
guidelines. Wave it if you     guidelines. Wave it if you     guidelines. Wave it if you
feel a guideline is being      feel a guideline is being      feel a guideline is being
broken or if you do not        broken or if you do not        broken or if you do not
understand what is going on.   understand what is going on.   understand what is going on.




Guidelines Yellow Card!        Guidelines Yellow Card!        Guidelines Yellow Card!

Use the yellow card to help    Use the yellow card to help    Use the yellow card to help
the group stick to the         the group stick to the         the group stick to the
guidelines. Wave it if you     guidelines. Wave it if you     guidelines. Wave it if you
feel a guideline is being      feel a guideline is being      feel a guideline is being
broken or if you do not        broken or if you do not        broken or if you do not
understand what is going on.   understand what is going on.   understand what is going on.
Challenge Card                   Challenge Card                  Challenge Card

Explain briefly to your fellow   Is the group ‘being polite’     Express any feelings on the
players what you think could     and not talking about a         subject that you have not yet
be the effect on future          ‘taboo’ issue in relation to    expressed to the group.
generations.                     this subject? If so, say
                                 ‘We’re not talking about ...’
                                 and start the conversation.




Challenge Card                   Challenge Card                  Challenge Card

Pick a story card. As the        “We should maximise             Find out what the person on
character on your story card,    human life and pursue all       your right hand side feels on
present to the group your        avenues of research to help     this subject. Find an
views on this topic.             people who are ill.” Do you     argument to support their
                                 agree with this statement?      opinion.




Challenge Card                   Challenge Card                  Challenge Card

Find out what the person on      Pick a Story Card character     Pick a Story Card and select
your left hand side feels on     that is distant from your own   one that is different from
this subject. Play devil’s       viewpoint. As that character,   your own viewpoint. Tell the
advocate (disagree with their    briefly tell the group your     group how you think your
viewpoint).                      opinion on what you are         own views are similar and
                                 discussing.                     different to the character.
Story Card 1                              Story Card 2                               Story Card 3
Francis, Tanzania                         Emebet, Ethiopia                           Ruth, Ghana




I’m a nurse in Tanzania. I think the      I work for the Ministry of Health in       I am a research physician from Ghana,
main reason malaria is so widespread      Ethiopia. Malaria is one of our top        where malaria is the major cause of
here is that most people just don’t       health priorities here, along with HIV,    death in children under five. I think we
know very much about how to prevent       tuberculosis and maternal and child        need a wide array of tools to fight
malaria. I see people who think any       health. We have recently been able to      malaria. No single tool will win the
fever must be malaria, or who think       train more than 30,000 health workers      fight, even if antimalarial drugs,
that if they show symptoms of malaria,    on new guidelines to diagnose and          insecticide-treated nets, and indoor
they can stay at home and take            treat malaria. We have seen very           spraying with insecticides are all
paracetamol. Some arrive at hospital at   encouraging results already. We also       effective methods. But to me the
the late stages of the disease. Or they   managed to distribute 20 million           possibility of a vaccine against malaria
get treatment, but don’t finish the       insecticide-treated nets in three years.   is the greatest opportunity we have of
doses. Many go to witch doctors or use    We couldn’t do this without the            finally eradicating this disease. It gives
traditional medicine like papaya          support of global partnerships and         me hope that I could see malaria
leaves. I’d like to be able to educate    financing. But we still have around 9      eliminated in Ghana in my lifetime,
people better, but I have enough to do    million new cases of malaria every         although I am sure it will still need to
just working with my patients.            year, in a population of 77 million        be used together with the other control
                                          Ethiopians.                                measures, as it will not protect 100%.




White Card                                White Card                                 White Card
Story Card 4                                 Story Card 5                               Story Card 6
Milu, India                                  Ketsholikei, Botswana                      Marta, Namibia




I’m a doctor in Labangi, a village in        I’m 26, I’m a farmer and I have six        I’m a young mum to five children, and
the east of India. Our hospital has a        children. I’ve had malaria three times     we live a long way from the nearest
programme to treat all patients with         in recent years. The symptoms are          town. Getting to a hospital is really
fever as if they had malaria until           mainly headaches and fever. You get a      difficult for us. My daughter Becri is
confirmed otherwise. This strategy is        temperature. And you feel really tired,    one year old, and I’m especially
not recommended by the World Health          with pains all over. With severe forms     worried about her getting ill. I am
Organisation (WHO) any more. But I           of it, my children run very high           HIV+, which means that I am also
think it’s been very effective. The          temperatures. Every time I get ill, I      more at risk from malaria. Once a
WHO is concerned about malaria               can’t work and I don’t have enough         community health worker came to give
parasites becoming resistant to the          money to feed my family. I often don’t     advice on how to prevent malaria, and
drugs, but for us, this treatment is         go for treatment because there is no       gave us nets, to sleep under and sprays
much cheaper. If we followed WHO             money – if I can’t feed my family, I       for free. But now the government
guidelines and performed a rapid             can’t afford medication. But if I am ill   funding for indoor residual spraying
diagnostic test to all patients with fever   for a long period of time, who will        was cut and residents in our area have
to treat only positive cases, we would       provide for my family then?                not received sprays, mosquito nets or
spend three times the amount we                                                         window screens. There is always a
currently spend on malaria treatment.                                                   chance we can get ill, and with the
We just don’t have that kind of money.                                                  hospital so far away, I’m not sure how
                                                                                        easily I could get treatment.




White Card                                   White Card                                 White Card
Story Card 7                               Story Card 8                                Story Card 9
Doreen, The Gambia                         Mamta, India                                Tilmann, Germany




My son is six months old now. When I       I’m a nurse in a hospital in a town in      I work in drug development for a
got pregnant I was really worried,         the east of India. We only have limited     pharmaceutical company. We offer our
because a few of my friends have got       facilities, so normally pregnant women      malaria treatments for adults and
malaria during their pregnancy. But        or babies with symptoms of malaria          children at the lowest cost possible. As
my aunt gave me a mosquito net to          might have to share beds or sleep on        pharmaceutical companies are private,
sleep under while I was pregnant, and      the floor if they are with us longer than   for profit organisations it is important
the hospital gave me some pills to         48 hours. Babies born to mothers with       to incentivise them by various means
prevent me from getting malaria. My        malaria are often very underweight, so      to invest in research and development
son is healthy for now, but I’m always     we try to keep them warm.                   for malaria. Public-private partnerships
worried, he could get severely ill at      We used to use a drug called                have worked very well to achieve this.
any time. I noticed that the net we        chloroquine to protect people from          Governments can also help by
sleep under is not keeping the             malaria. But now it has been                speeding up the reviews of new drug
mosquitoes away like it used to, but I     withdrawn because the parasite that         applications, for example.
can’t afford a new one. It’s certainly     causes the disease became resistant to      For our company, malaria treatments
going to be difficult to afford any more   chloroquine. So now nets treated with       are part of a strategy for sustainable
treatment, if he does get ill.             insecticides are our main method of         growth and our corporate social
                                           preventing malaria infection.               responsibility. Last year alone, our
                                                                                       access to medicine programme reached
                                                                                       74 million patients and was valued at
                                                                                       over €1 billion or 3% of our sales.




White Card                                 White Card                                  White Card
Story Card 10
Thocco, Malawi




I’m a teacher in the Mangochi district
in Malawi. A few years ago, I had
training to treat malaria in school using
a Pupil Treatment Kit. I was trained to
recognise symptoms and give the
treatment safely. I could then treat
students that got ill, and if their
condition didn’t improve, I sent them
to the hospital. The kits cost €50 for
the school every year, and we had to
ask parents and communities to cover
most of the cost. Now the government
has withdrawn the kits, saying there is
a new treatment which we cannot
administer. I have to admit I feel more
comfortable sending the children to
hospital to be treated properly,
although it’s true that they miss a lot of
school because of malaria.




White Card                                   White Card   White Card
Name of cluster:




Which conclusions does this cluster lead you to?




Cards in this cluster:


 Info Card    Issue Card   Story Card   White Card
Name of cluster:




Which conclusions does this cluster lead you to?




Cards in this cluster:


 Info Card    Issue Card   Story Card   White Card
Name of cluster:




Which conclusions does this cluster lead you to?




Cards in this cluster:


 Info Card    Issue Card   Story Card   White Card
Policy positions for Malaria

                                                                            1   2   3   4   5
 Positions
                                                           Support                              +++
 1
 Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment
 and diagnosis, programmes and research, split                                                   ++
 proportionally according to the amounts suggested by
 the World Health Organisation.

 2                                                                                                +
 Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, programmes
 and research, split proportionally according to the       Acceptable
 amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation,
 but safeguard the budget for treatment and diagnosis.
                                                                                                  -
 3
 Spend €0.5 billion less across treatment and diagnosis,                                         --
 programmes and research, split proportionally
 according to the amounts suggested by the World
 Health Organisation, but safeguard the budget for
 prevention.                                                                                    ---
 4                                                         Not acceptable
 Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment
 and diagnosis and programmes, split proportionally
 according to the amounts suggested by the World           Abstain
 Health Organisation, but safeguard the budget for
 research.

 5
 Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment
 and diagnosis, programmes and research, but cut the
 budget by region according to the level of poverty in
 the region. Regions with lower levels of poverty will
 have their budget cut more.
Policy positions for Malaria

                                                                                                          1   2   3   4
 Positions
                                                                                         Support                          +++
 1
 .....................................................................................
                                                                                                                           ++
 .....................................................................................

 .....................................................................................                                      +
 .....................................................................................
                                                                                         Acceptable
 2                                                                                                                          -
 .....................................................................................

 .....................................................................................                                     --
 .....................................................................................

 .....................................................................................                                    ---
                                                                                         Not acceptable
 3
 .....................................................................................
                                                                                         Abstain
 .....................................................................................

 .....................................................................................

 .....................................................................................

 4
 .....................................................................................

 .....................................................................................

 .....................................................................................

 .....................................................................................
Story Card                                    Info Card                                     Info Card                                     Initial Thoughts
Malaria                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Write down your initial thoughts, use
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          White cards to add issues
Malaria is a common parasitic disease, caused by a parasite transmitted from human to human via a
mosquito. Three billion people are at risk of malaria. It was responsible for nearly 800,000 deaths                                                                                                                                                       .........................................................
worldwide in 2010. The WHO estimates that around €4 billion is necessary in order to tackle malaria
during the year 2015.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .........................................................
• €2.7 billion must be raised for prevention (preventive treatment for pregnant women, and
insecticide-treated nets and insecticide for indoor residual spraying)                                                                                                                                                                                    .........................................................
• €0.4 billion must be raised for treatment and diagnosis (anti-malarial drugs and severe case
management, and rapid diagnostic tests)
• €0.6 billion must be raised for programmes (reinforcing healthcare systems, training and pay for                                                                                                                                                        .........................................................
medical staff in countries affected and educating citizens)
• €0.6 billion must be raised for research (developing a vaccine and new drugs, and improving                                                                                                                                                             .........................................................
diagnostics, treatment and prevention)
Policymakers and NGOs must make efforts to ensure all these targets are met. But if only €3.5 billion                                                                                                                                                     .........................................................
of the necessary €4 billion is raised, how should the spending be distributed?
Positions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 .........................................................

    1. Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment and diagnosis, programmes and research,                                                                                                                                                       .........................................................
       split proportionally according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation.
    2. Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, programmes and research, split proportionally                                                                                                                                                           .........................................................
       according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation, but safeguard the
       budget for treatment and diagnosis.
    3. Spend €0.5 billion less across treatment and diagnosis, programmes and research, split
       proportionally according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation, but
       safeguard the budget for prevention.
                                                                                                                                                              Issue Card                                    Issue Card                                    Challenge Card
    4. Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment and diagnosis and programmes, split
       proportionally according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation, but
       safeguard the budget for research.
    5. Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment and diagnosis, programmes and research,
       but cut the budget by region according to the level of poverty in the region. Regions with lower
       levels of poverty will have their budget cut more.

Aims of the game
- Clarify what your opinions are
- Work towards a shared group vision
- Let your voice be heard in Europe
- Enjoy discussing!




Photo credits

1 & 6: Gates Foundation, Flickr. 2: Babasteve, Flickr. 3: IITA Image Library, Flickr. 4: ReSurge
International, Flickr. 5: Yuen-Ping aka YP, Flickr. 7: Daltoris, Flickr. 8: zz77, Flickr. 9: C+H, Flickr. 10:
Matt Floreen, Flickr.




Guidelines                                                                              Three stages                                                                                                                        . . . plus one
You have a right to a voice: speak your truth.
But not the whole truth: don't go on and on.                                               1. Information                           2. Discussion                               3. Shared group response                    4. Action
                                                                                           Clarify your personal view on the        Together with the other players, start      Reflect on the theme(s) that the group      Go to www.playdecide.eu to:
Value your life learning.                                                                  subject, reading and selecting the       discussing and identify one or more         has identified and the cards that           - Submit the results of your group to the Decide database;
                                                                                           cards which you feel are most            larger themes that you all feel relevant.   sustain the arguments. As a group, can      - See how other European countries think about this issue;
Respect other people.                                                                      important for you. Place your cards on   Everyone gets a chance to speak. Put        you reach a positive consensus on a         - Read more about this subject;
Allow them to finish before you speak.                                                     the placemat and then read them aloud    your cards on the table to provide your     policy position that reflects the group's   - Download a game kit to play with your friends or colleagues;
                                                                                           to the other players.                    arguments for each theme.                   view?                                       - Learn how you can make a difference after playing Decide.
Delight in diversity.                                                                                                                                                           You can formulate a new common
Welcome surprise or confusion as a sign that you've let in new thoughts or                 ± 30 MIN.                                ± 30 MIN.                                   policy, if you wish.                         Don't forget to publish a post on the Xplore Health blog to share your
feelings.                                                                                                                                                                                                                    experiences with other audiences!
                                                                                                                                                                                ± 20 MIN.
Look for common ground.
'But' emphasises difference; 'and' emphasises similarity.

Contenu connexe

En vedette

The origin of the species
The origin of the speciesThe origin of the species
The origin of the speciesDaniel Webb
 
Kudavi 2.29.2016
Kudavi 2.29.2016Kudavi 2.29.2016
Kudavi 2.29.2016Tom Currier
 
Denúncia da Lava Jato contra João Santana
Denúncia da Lava Jato contra João SantanaDenúncia da Lava Jato contra João Santana
Denúncia da Lava Jato contra João SantanaMiguel Rosario
 
Time resolution of quantum tunneling - Dynamics in strong fields seminar LMU
Time resolution of quantum tunneling - Dynamics in strong fields seminar LMUTime resolution of quantum tunneling - Dynamics in strong fields seminar LMU
Time resolution of quantum tunneling - Dynamics in strong fields seminar LMUChristiaan Roca Catala
 
Egoera: La economía de Bizkaia - Mayo 2016 - nº22. Cámara de Comercio de Bilbao
Egoera: La economía de Bizkaia - Mayo 2016 - nº22. Cámara de Comercio de BilbaoEgoera: La economía de Bizkaia - Mayo 2016 - nº22. Cámara de Comercio de Bilbao
Egoera: La economía de Bizkaia - Mayo 2016 - nº22. Cámara de Comercio de BilbaoCámara de Comercio de Bilbao
 
06 enterprise resource planning
06 enterprise resource planning06 enterprise resource planning
06 enterprise resource planningArip Doanx
 
Charles dickens power point pressentation
Charles dickens power point pressentationCharles dickens power point pressentation
Charles dickens power point pressentationlynnbeach86
 
Клубная встреча 25.12.2016 Итоги 2016 года
Клубная встреча 25.12.2016 Итоги 2016 годаКлубная встреча 25.12.2016 Итоги 2016 года
Клубная встреча 25.12.2016 Итоги 2016 годаЕлена Шальнова
 
6 Development Tools we Love for Mac
6 Development Tools we Love for Mac6 Development Tools we Love for Mac
6 Development Tools we Love for MacCopperEgg
 
the meaning of my life
the meaning of my lifethe meaning of my life
the meaning of my lifedonshe_26
 
My Internship at RN
My Internship at RNMy Internship at RN
My Internship at RNrobird
 
Kiwanis presentation 06-07-2011
Kiwanis presentation 06-07-2011Kiwanis presentation 06-07-2011
Kiwanis presentation 06-07-2011bhmiomaha
 

En vedette (17)

Openstack ap summit
Openstack  ap summitOpenstack  ap summit
Openstack ap summit
 
The origin of the species
The origin of the speciesThe origin of the species
The origin of the species
 
Kudavi 2.29.2016
Kudavi 2.29.2016Kudavi 2.29.2016
Kudavi 2.29.2016
 
Denúncia da Lava Jato contra João Santana
Denúncia da Lava Jato contra João SantanaDenúncia da Lava Jato contra João Santana
Denúncia da Lava Jato contra João Santana
 
Time resolution of quantum tunneling - Dynamics in strong fields seminar LMU
Time resolution of quantum tunneling - Dynamics in strong fields seminar LMUTime resolution of quantum tunneling - Dynamics in strong fields seminar LMU
Time resolution of quantum tunneling - Dynamics in strong fields seminar LMU
 
Egoera: La economía de Bizkaia - Mayo 2016 - nº22. Cámara de Comercio de Bilbao
Egoera: La economía de Bizkaia - Mayo 2016 - nº22. Cámara de Comercio de BilbaoEgoera: La economía de Bizkaia - Mayo 2016 - nº22. Cámara de Comercio de Bilbao
Egoera: La economía de Bizkaia - Mayo 2016 - nº22. Cámara de Comercio de Bilbao
 
06 enterprise resource planning
06 enterprise resource planning06 enterprise resource planning
06 enterprise resource planning
 
Boosting Sales
Boosting SalesBoosting Sales
Boosting Sales
 
Charles dickens power point pressentation
Charles dickens power point pressentationCharles dickens power point pressentation
Charles dickens power point pressentation
 
Клубная встреча 25.12.2016 Итоги 2016 года
Клубная встреча 25.12.2016 Итоги 2016 годаКлубная встреча 25.12.2016 Итоги 2016 года
Клубная встреча 25.12.2016 Итоги 2016 года
 
6 Development Tools we Love for Mac
6 Development Tools we Love for Mac6 Development Tools we Love for Mac
6 Development Tools we Love for Mac
 
the meaning of my life
the meaning of my lifethe meaning of my life
the meaning of my life
 
Como ler a bíblia
Como ler a bíbliaComo ler a bíblia
Como ler a bíblia
 
Tabla de materiales y precios de colciencias (1)
Tabla de materiales y precios de colciencias (1)Tabla de materiales y precios de colciencias (1)
Tabla de materiales y precios de colciencias (1)
 
My Internship at RN
My Internship at RNMy Internship at RN
My Internship at RN
 
Hoteles
HotelesHoteles
Hoteles
 
Kiwanis presentation 06-07-2011
Kiwanis presentation 06-07-2011Kiwanis presentation 06-07-2011
Kiwanis presentation 06-07-2011
 

Similaire à Play decide: Malaria (english)

Introduction to the Agro-Ecology of Malaria
Introduction to the Agro-Ecology of MalariaIntroduction to the Agro-Ecology of Malaria
Introduction to the Agro-Ecology of MalariaBenjamin Wielgosz
 
Malaria status & challenges of the epidemic
Malaria status & challenges of the epidemicMalaria status & challenges of the epidemic
Malaria status & challenges of the epidemicGreenFacts
 
HERO Global Alliance Malaria Presentation
HERO Global Alliance Malaria PresentationHERO Global Alliance Malaria Presentation
HERO Global Alliance Malaria Presentationheroglobalalliance
 
Biology investigatory project class 12 [malaria]
Biology investigatory project class 12 [malaria]Biology investigatory project class 12 [malaria]
Biology investigatory project class 12 [malaria]VinayakSoni15
 
Immunizations_MagazineAm Final
Immunizations_MagazineAm FinalImmunizations_MagazineAm Final
Immunizations_MagazineAm Finaldscadet
 
Strategies for control and prevention of Malaria.pptx
Strategies for control and prevention of Malaria.pptxStrategies for control and prevention of Malaria.pptx
Strategies for control and prevention of Malaria.pptxSalimAbubakar4
 
The Presentation.pptx
The Presentation.pptxThe Presentation.pptx
The Presentation.pptxSaidIsaq
 
malariachallenge-introtomalariapresnotes.pdf
malariachallenge-introtomalariapresnotes.pdfmalariachallenge-introtomalariapresnotes.pdf
malariachallenge-introtomalariapresnotes.pdfAbhishekKumar258609
 
PROJECT ON MALARIA.pdf
PROJECT ON MALARIA.pdfPROJECT ON MALARIA.pdf
PROJECT ON MALARIA.pdfSayamJain22
 

Similaire à Play decide: Malaria (english) (19)

Introduction to the Agro-Ecology of Malaria
Introduction to the Agro-Ecology of MalariaIntroduction to the Agro-Ecology of Malaria
Introduction to the Agro-Ecology of Malaria
 
Malaria status & challenges of the epidemic
Malaria status & challenges of the epidemicMalaria status & challenges of the epidemic
Malaria status & challenges of the epidemic
 
HERO Global Alliance Malaria Presentation
HERO Global Alliance Malaria PresentationHERO Global Alliance Malaria Presentation
HERO Global Alliance Malaria Presentation
 
Sureduz Mosquito candle
Sureduz Mosquito candleSureduz Mosquito candle
Sureduz Mosquito candle
 
Malaria Essay
Malaria EssayMalaria Essay
Malaria Essay
 
Essays On Malaria
Essays On MalariaEssays On Malaria
Essays On Malaria
 
Biology investigatory project class 12 [malaria]
Biology investigatory project class 12 [malaria]Biology investigatory project class 12 [malaria]
Biology investigatory project class 12 [malaria]
 
MPF Proposal
MPF ProposalMPF Proposal
MPF Proposal
 
Zika virus barna
Zika virus barnaZika virus barna
Zika virus barna
 
Zainabu Case
Zainabu CaseZainabu Case
Zainabu Case
 
Immunizations_MagazineAm Final
Immunizations_MagazineAm FinalImmunizations_MagazineAm Final
Immunizations_MagazineAm Final
 
Malaria Presenation
Malaria PresenationMalaria Presenation
Malaria Presenation
 
Disease Malaria Presentation
Disease Malaria PresentationDisease Malaria Presentation
Disease Malaria Presentation
 
Strategies for control and prevention of Malaria.pptx
Strategies for control and prevention of Malaria.pptxStrategies for control and prevention of Malaria.pptx
Strategies for control and prevention of Malaria.pptx
 
The Presentation.pptx
The Presentation.pptxThe Presentation.pptx
The Presentation.pptx
 
malariachallenge-introtomalariapresnotes.pdf
malariachallenge-introtomalariapresnotes.pdfmalariachallenge-introtomalariapresnotes.pdf
malariachallenge-introtomalariapresnotes.pdf
 
PROJECT ON MALARIA.pdf
PROJECT ON MALARIA.pdfPROJECT ON MALARIA.pdf
PROJECT ON MALARIA.pdf
 
Malaria prevalence and treatment seeking behaviour
Malaria prevalence and treatment seeking behaviourMalaria prevalence and treatment seeking behaviour
Malaria prevalence and treatment seeking behaviour
 
Malaria prevalence and treatment seeking behaviour
Malaria prevalence and treatment seeking behaviourMalaria prevalence and treatment seeking behaviour
Malaria prevalence and treatment seeking behaviour
 

Plus de Xplore Health

Ies breamo pontedeume coruña
Ies breamo pontedeume coruñaIes breamo pontedeume coruña
Ies breamo pontedeume coruñaXplore Health
 
Toward a malaria-free world - Tools' information
Toward a malaria-free world - Tools' informationToward a malaria-free world - Tools' information
Toward a malaria-free world - Tools' informationXplore Health
 
Toward a malaria-free world - Lesson plans
Toward a malaria-free world - Lesson plansToward a malaria-free world - Lesson plans
Toward a malaria-free world - Lesson plansXplore Health
 
Skin cancer exposed - Tools' information
Skin cancer exposed - Tools' informationSkin cancer exposed - Tools' information
Skin cancer exposed - Tools' informationXplore Health
 
Skin cancer exposed - Lesson plans
Skin cancer exposed - Lesson plansSkin cancer exposed - Lesson plans
Skin cancer exposed - Lesson plansXplore Health
 
The biotechnology revolution - Tools' information
The biotechnology revolution - Tools' informationThe biotechnology revolution - Tools' information
The biotechnology revolution - Tools' informationXplore Health
 
The biotechnology revolution - Lesson plans
The biotechnology revolution - Lesson plansThe biotechnology revolution - Lesson plans
The biotechnology revolution - Lesson plansXplore Health
 
How are drugs developed? - Tools' information
How are drugs developed? - Tools' informationHow are drugs developed? - Tools' information
How are drugs developed? - Tools' informationXplore Health
 
How are drugs developed? - Lesson plans
How are drugs developed? - Lesson plansHow are drugs developed? - Lesson plans
How are drugs developed? - Lesson plansXplore Health
 
Discussion Continuum: Obésité
Discussion Continuum: ObésitéDiscussion Continuum: Obésité
Discussion Continuum: ObésitéXplore Health
 
Discussion Continuum: Otyłość
Discussion Continuum: OtyłośćDiscussion Continuum: Otyłość
Discussion Continuum: OtyłośćXplore Health
 
Discussion continuum: Obesidad
Discussion continuum: ObesidadDiscussion continuum: Obesidad
Discussion continuum: ObesidadXplore Health
 
Discussion continuum: Obesitat
Discussion continuum: ObesitatDiscussion continuum: Obesitat
Discussion continuum: ObesitatXplore Health
 
A crisis of fat? - Background information
A crisis of fat? - Background informationA crisis of fat? - Background information
A crisis of fat? - Background informationXplore Health
 
Inżynieria genetyczna - Poszukiwanie miejsca docelowego dla leku na miażdżycę
Inżynieria genetyczna - Poszukiwanie miejsca docelowego dla leku na miażdżycęInżynieria genetyczna - Poszukiwanie miejsca docelowego dla leku na miażdżycę
Inżynieria genetyczna - Poszukiwanie miejsca docelowego dla leku na miażdżycęXplore Health
 
Génie génétique - À la recherche d’une cible pour le traitement de l’athérosc...
Génie génétique - À la recherche d’une cible pour le traitement de l’athérosc...Génie génétique - À la recherche d’une cible pour le traitement de l’athérosc...
Génie génétique - À la recherche d’une cible pour le traitement de l’athérosc...Xplore Health
 
Ingeniería genética - Buscando una diana para el tratamiento de la ateroscler...
Ingeniería genética - Buscando una diana para el tratamiento de la ateroscler...Ingeniería genética - Buscando una diana para el tratamiento de la ateroscler...
Ingeniería genética - Buscando una diana para el tratamiento de la ateroscler...Xplore Health
 
Enginyeria genètica - Buscant una diana per al tractament de l’aterosclerosi
Enginyeria genètica - Buscant una diana per al tractament de l’aterosclerosiEnginyeria genètica - Buscant una diana per al tractament de l’aterosclerosi
Enginyeria genètica - Buscant una diana per al tractament de l’aterosclerosiXplore Health
 
Juga amb Xplore Health i guanya 2 entrades a CosmoCaixa
Juga amb Xplore Health i guanya 2 entrades a CosmoCaixaJuga amb Xplore Health i guanya 2 entrades a CosmoCaixa
Juga amb Xplore Health i guanya 2 entrades a CosmoCaixaXplore Health
 
Juega con Xplore Halth y gana 2 entradas a CosmoCaixa
Juega con Xplore Halth y gana 2 entradas a CosmoCaixaJuega con Xplore Halth y gana 2 entradas a CosmoCaixa
Juega con Xplore Halth y gana 2 entradas a CosmoCaixaXplore Health
 

Plus de Xplore Health (20)

Ies breamo pontedeume coruña
Ies breamo pontedeume coruñaIes breamo pontedeume coruña
Ies breamo pontedeume coruña
 
Toward a malaria-free world - Tools' information
Toward a malaria-free world - Tools' informationToward a malaria-free world - Tools' information
Toward a malaria-free world - Tools' information
 
Toward a malaria-free world - Lesson plans
Toward a malaria-free world - Lesson plansToward a malaria-free world - Lesson plans
Toward a malaria-free world - Lesson plans
 
Skin cancer exposed - Tools' information
Skin cancer exposed - Tools' informationSkin cancer exposed - Tools' information
Skin cancer exposed - Tools' information
 
Skin cancer exposed - Lesson plans
Skin cancer exposed - Lesson plansSkin cancer exposed - Lesson plans
Skin cancer exposed - Lesson plans
 
The biotechnology revolution - Tools' information
The biotechnology revolution - Tools' informationThe biotechnology revolution - Tools' information
The biotechnology revolution - Tools' information
 
The biotechnology revolution - Lesson plans
The biotechnology revolution - Lesson plansThe biotechnology revolution - Lesson plans
The biotechnology revolution - Lesson plans
 
How are drugs developed? - Tools' information
How are drugs developed? - Tools' informationHow are drugs developed? - Tools' information
How are drugs developed? - Tools' information
 
How are drugs developed? - Lesson plans
How are drugs developed? - Lesson plansHow are drugs developed? - Lesson plans
How are drugs developed? - Lesson plans
 
Discussion Continuum: Obésité
Discussion Continuum: ObésitéDiscussion Continuum: Obésité
Discussion Continuum: Obésité
 
Discussion Continuum: Otyłość
Discussion Continuum: OtyłośćDiscussion Continuum: Otyłość
Discussion Continuum: Otyłość
 
Discussion continuum: Obesidad
Discussion continuum: ObesidadDiscussion continuum: Obesidad
Discussion continuum: Obesidad
 
Discussion continuum: Obesitat
Discussion continuum: ObesitatDiscussion continuum: Obesitat
Discussion continuum: Obesitat
 
A crisis of fat? - Background information
A crisis of fat? - Background informationA crisis of fat? - Background information
A crisis of fat? - Background information
 
Inżynieria genetyczna - Poszukiwanie miejsca docelowego dla leku na miażdżycę
Inżynieria genetyczna - Poszukiwanie miejsca docelowego dla leku na miażdżycęInżynieria genetyczna - Poszukiwanie miejsca docelowego dla leku na miażdżycę
Inżynieria genetyczna - Poszukiwanie miejsca docelowego dla leku na miażdżycę
 
Génie génétique - À la recherche d’une cible pour le traitement de l’athérosc...
Génie génétique - À la recherche d’une cible pour le traitement de l’athérosc...Génie génétique - À la recherche d’une cible pour le traitement de l’athérosc...
Génie génétique - À la recherche d’une cible pour le traitement de l’athérosc...
 
Ingeniería genética - Buscando una diana para el tratamiento de la ateroscler...
Ingeniería genética - Buscando una diana para el tratamiento de la ateroscler...Ingeniería genética - Buscando una diana para el tratamiento de la ateroscler...
Ingeniería genética - Buscando una diana para el tratamiento de la ateroscler...
 
Enginyeria genètica - Buscant una diana per al tractament de l’aterosclerosi
Enginyeria genètica - Buscant una diana per al tractament de l’aterosclerosiEnginyeria genètica - Buscant una diana per al tractament de l’aterosclerosi
Enginyeria genètica - Buscant una diana per al tractament de l’aterosclerosi
 
Juga amb Xplore Health i guanya 2 entrades a CosmoCaixa
Juga amb Xplore Health i guanya 2 entrades a CosmoCaixaJuga amb Xplore Health i guanya 2 entrades a CosmoCaixa
Juga amb Xplore Health i guanya 2 entrades a CosmoCaixa
 
Juega con Xplore Halth y gana 2 entradas a CosmoCaixa
Juega con Xplore Halth y gana 2 entradas a CosmoCaixaJuega con Xplore Halth y gana 2 entradas a CosmoCaixa
Juega con Xplore Halth y gana 2 entradas a CosmoCaixa
 

Dernier

Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 3 STEPS Using Odoo 17
Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 3 STEPS Using Odoo 17Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 3 STEPS Using Odoo 17
Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 3 STEPS Using Odoo 17Celine George
 
Activity 2-unit 2-update 2024. English translation
Activity 2-unit 2-update 2024. English translationActivity 2-unit 2-update 2024. English translation
Activity 2-unit 2-update 2024. English translationRosabel UA
 
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17Celine George
 
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONTHEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONHumphrey A Beña
 
4.16.24 Poverty and Precarity--Desmond.pptx
4.16.24 Poverty and Precarity--Desmond.pptx4.16.24 Poverty and Precarity--Desmond.pptx
4.16.24 Poverty and Precarity--Desmond.pptxmary850239
 
Dust Of Snow By Robert Frost Class-X English CBSE
Dust Of Snow By Robert Frost Class-X English CBSEDust Of Snow By Robert Frost Class-X English CBSE
Dust Of Snow By Robert Frost Class-X English CBSEaurabinda banchhor
 
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...Postal Advocate Inc.
 
Transaction Management in Database Management System
Transaction Management in Database Management SystemTransaction Management in Database Management System
Transaction Management in Database Management SystemChristalin Nelson
 
ANG SEKTOR NG agrikultura.pptx QUARTER 4
ANG SEKTOR NG agrikultura.pptx QUARTER 4ANG SEKTOR NG agrikultura.pptx QUARTER 4
ANG SEKTOR NG agrikultura.pptx QUARTER 4MiaBumagat1
 
ICS2208 Lecture6 Notes for SL spaces.pdf
ICS2208 Lecture6 Notes for SL spaces.pdfICS2208 Lecture6 Notes for SL spaces.pdf
ICS2208 Lecture6 Notes for SL spaces.pdfVanessa Camilleri
 
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptxmary850239
 
TEACHER REFLECTION FORM (NEW SET........).docx
TEACHER REFLECTION FORM (NEW SET........).docxTEACHER REFLECTION FORM (NEW SET........).docx
TEACHER REFLECTION FORM (NEW SET........).docxruthvilladarez
 
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHSTextual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHSMae Pangan
 
Measures of Position DECILES for ungrouped data
Measures of Position DECILES for ungrouped dataMeasures of Position DECILES for ungrouped data
Measures of Position DECILES for ungrouped dataBabyAnnMotar
 
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTSGRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTSJoshuaGantuangco2
 
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptxROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptxVanesaIglesias10
 
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
Integumentary System SMP B. Pharm Sem I.ppt
Integumentary System SMP B. Pharm Sem I.pptIntegumentary System SMP B. Pharm Sem I.ppt
Integumentary System SMP B. Pharm Sem I.pptshraddhaparab530
 
Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics Quarter 4
Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics Quarter 4Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics Quarter 4
Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics Quarter 4JOYLYNSAMANIEGO
 

Dernier (20)

Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 3 STEPS Using Odoo 17
Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 3 STEPS Using Odoo 17Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 3 STEPS Using Odoo 17
Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 3 STEPS Using Odoo 17
 
Activity 2-unit 2-update 2024. English translation
Activity 2-unit 2-update 2024. English translationActivity 2-unit 2-update 2024. English translation
Activity 2-unit 2-update 2024. English translation
 
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
 
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONTHEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
 
4.16.24 Poverty and Precarity--Desmond.pptx
4.16.24 Poverty and Precarity--Desmond.pptx4.16.24 Poverty and Precarity--Desmond.pptx
4.16.24 Poverty and Precarity--Desmond.pptx
 
Dust Of Snow By Robert Frost Class-X English CBSE
Dust Of Snow By Robert Frost Class-X English CBSEDust Of Snow By Robert Frost Class-X English CBSE
Dust Of Snow By Robert Frost Class-X English CBSE
 
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
 
Transaction Management in Database Management System
Transaction Management in Database Management SystemTransaction Management in Database Management System
Transaction Management in Database Management System
 
ANG SEKTOR NG agrikultura.pptx QUARTER 4
ANG SEKTOR NG agrikultura.pptx QUARTER 4ANG SEKTOR NG agrikultura.pptx QUARTER 4
ANG SEKTOR NG agrikultura.pptx QUARTER 4
 
ICS2208 Lecture6 Notes for SL spaces.pdf
ICS2208 Lecture6 Notes for SL spaces.pdfICS2208 Lecture6 Notes for SL spaces.pdf
ICS2208 Lecture6 Notes for SL spaces.pdf
 
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
 
TEACHER REFLECTION FORM (NEW SET........).docx
TEACHER REFLECTION FORM (NEW SET........).docxTEACHER REFLECTION FORM (NEW SET........).docx
TEACHER REFLECTION FORM (NEW SET........).docx
 
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION PRACTICES FOR TEACHERS AND TRAINERS.pptx
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION PRACTICES FOR TEACHERS AND TRAINERS.pptxINCLUSIVE EDUCATION PRACTICES FOR TEACHERS AND TRAINERS.pptx
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION PRACTICES FOR TEACHERS AND TRAINERS.pptx
 
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHSTextual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
 
Measures of Position DECILES for ungrouped data
Measures of Position DECILES for ungrouped dataMeasures of Position DECILES for ungrouped data
Measures of Position DECILES for ungrouped data
 
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTSGRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
 
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptxROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
 
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 11 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH GLOBAL SUCCESS ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT - CẢ NĂ...
 
Integumentary System SMP B. Pharm Sem I.ppt
Integumentary System SMP B. Pharm Sem I.pptIntegumentary System SMP B. Pharm Sem I.ppt
Integumentary System SMP B. Pharm Sem I.ppt
 
Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics Quarter 4
Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics Quarter 4Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics Quarter 4
Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics Quarter 4
 

Play decide: Malaria (english)

  • 1.
  • 2. PlayDecide: Malaria Thank you for downloading this Decide kit! Every kit contains all the necessary elements for a group of up to 8 people playing Decide. If you have more participants, provide each group with a kit. The kit can be printed on A4 paper or cardboard. For best results, use 160g/m2 paper. The first 9 pages have borders of different colours, indicating the colour of the paper on which they should be printed. There are 3 or 4 green, 3 or 4 blue, 1 yellow and 2 orange sheets. The other pages should be printed on white paper or cardboard. The last 4 pages contain the placemat and the instructions for each participant. It is important that each participant has a placemat in A3 format. The instruction card should be printed preferably in colour, although it will work also in black and white. Make sure that there are as many placemats and instructions cards as there are participants. Enjoy Decide! For any question or information on how to play the game, please email: info@playdecide.org
  • 3. Instructions 1. Preparation. Print out the PDFs on coloured paper or light cardboard according to the files’ names. You need the following A4 sheets: yellow (1), orange (2), green (3 or 4), blue (3 or 4) and white (7). Cut out the cards. Print or copy as many placemats and instructions as there are players. Decide works best when played by 4 to 8 people. 2. Getting started. From start to finish, Decide will take 80 minutes to play. All players have a ‘placemat’ in front of them. There are different types of cards that will gradually fill up the placemats. The facilitator talks the players through the flow of decide using the visual instructions. He or she points out the aims of the game. During the first part of Decide, information is gathered and shared. Then the discussion phase follows. In the third part the players try to formulate a shared group response. Decide ends when the results are uploaded to www.playdecide.eu and to the Xplore Health blog. Before the first phase starts, the facilitator reminds all players about the conversation guidelines (bottom left) and hands out the yellow cards. Anyone can raise a yellow card to pause the discussion in case they feel someone is not respecting the guidelines. When the issue is solved, the discussion resumes. On the top right there is a space for notes and ‘initial thoughts’.
  • 4. 3. Phase 1. Information This part of the game will take approximately 30 minutes. All players read the introduction (top-left). All players read a few storycards, choose one, which is significant for them and put it on the placemat. Each player briefly summarizes their storycard. All players exchange and read infocards, choose two, which are significant for them and put them on the placemat. Each player briefly summarizes their infocards. All players read issuecards, choose two, which are significant for them and put them on the placemat. Each player briefly summarizes their issuecards. Players can use the white cards at any time to add information and issues if needed. (Not all steps are shown, the same procedure is repeated for story-, info- and issuecards. At the end of this phase all types of cards are on the placemats as shown in the last image) 4. Phase 2. Discussion This part of the game takes approximately another 30 minutes. There are different ways to discuss. You can choose one that fits the character of the group. There is the ‘Free form’. No restrictions, the discussion flows among the players. Everyone tries to respect the guidelines (if not the yellow cards can be used). A more structured way to discuss is to ‘talk in rounds’. If the discussion is difficult or it slows down, ‘challengecards’ might loosen things up. The facilitator hands them out, face down. Players read them and take action. During this phase, players use the cards to sustain their arguments. They put on the table the cards that back up their contributions, group them and record the discussion by making clusters around the themes that reflect the group’s vision. All types of cards can be used to make a cluster. At the end of this phase there should be at least one cluster.
  • 5. 5. Phase 3. A shared group response This last part of decide will take approximately 20 minutes. Everybody reads the 4 policy positions. Based on the conclusions of the cluster(s), all players vote individually in turn on all 4 policies. Try to look for common ground. Is there a policy position you can all live with? If not, try as a group to formulate your own ‘fifth policy’. 6. Upload results The facilitator transfers the results on the voting form using the ‘Share your results’ function on www.playdecide.eu. Your results will be added to the results of all other Decide sessions played in Europe. The facilitator publishes a post on the Xplore Health blog to share the experience with other audiences, and links to the Play Decide website where the results are published. Decide game developed by Michael Creek, in collaboration with Barcelona Science Park, in the context of the Xplore Health project. With the kind collaboration of Caterina Guinovart, researcher at the Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal. Thanks also to Paola Rodari at SISSA Medialab and Andrea Bandelli for their invaluable feedback. The PlayDecide game format was developed by the projects DECIDE and FUND: see www.playdecide.eu
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. Info Card 1 Info Card 2 Info Card 3 Genetic protection against Acquired immunity to malaria Malaria and pregnancy malaria In areas where malaria is endemic, During pregnancy, women are more One third of the population in people develop a natural acquired at risk of severe diseases like sub-Saharan Africa possess a form immunity to malaria. If children malaria. Malaria infection can also of genetic protection against malaria. survive the first years of life after cross the placenta and affect the They are born with one copy of the repeated exposure to the malaria foetus. gene for Sickle Cell Anaemia or parasite, they become semi-immune, Thalassaemia, which confers certain which means malaria infection will protection against severe malaria. show no symptoms or only mild symptoms. Info Card 4 Info Card 5 Info Card 6 Development of a malaria Insecticides and malaria Preventing malaria in vaccine prevention pregnant women (IPTp) A new vaccine, called RTS,S and To prevent malaria, one very A strategy called Intermittent produced by GlaxoSmithKline, has successful method is to spray the Preventive Treatment for pregnant shown to be partially effective against walls of houses with insecticidal women (IPTp), which means taking infection and clinical malaria in sprays, and to distribute nets treated an antimalarial drug 2 or 3 times babies and children up to 5. A clinical with insecticides, to sleep under. during pregnancy, is now trial is ongoing with thousands of Insecticide-treated nets require recommended in endemic areas. It is children in Africa. If successful, it will regular re-treatment. recommended that pregnant women become the first malaria vaccine to sleep under insecticide-treated nets. be licensed. However, it will only be effective in about 50% of children. Info Card 7 Info Card 8 Info Card 9 Intermittent preventive Eliminating malaria Malaria and the economy treatment in infants (IPTi) Malaria has been successfully In Africa, malaria is thought to be The WHO recommends IPTi for eliminated from several parts of the responsible for 12 billion US dollars infants in endemic areas. This is a full world, through a combination of every year in public and private course of antimalarial drugs given to medical and environmental spending, resulting in a loss of 1.3% infants at the same time as routine strategies, including drainage of of gross domestic product per year. vaccinations - usually at 3, 4 and 9 habitats where mosquitos breed, use months of age. It is also of antimalarial drugs and use of recommended that infants and young insecticides. children sleep under insecticide-treated nets.
  • 10. Info Card 10 Info Card 11 Info Card 12 Who gets malaria? Where is most affected by The scale of insecticide use malaria? Around 90% of the cases in Africa In Africa, 75 million people (around occur in children under 5 and Around 91% of all malaria cases 10% of those at risk of malaria) were pregnant women. Older children and occurred in the African region during protected by having their household non-pregnant adults are 2010, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. walls sprayed with insecticide in semi-immune and protected from Asia, Latin America, and to a lesser 2009. severe disease. extent the Middle East and parts of Europe are also affected. Info Card 13 Info Card 14 Info Card 15 Treatment for malaria RDT: A new method of How widespread is preventive diagnosis treatment in pregnancy? Malaria can be treated and cured. Nowadays artemisinin-combination The Rapid Diagnostic Test is a new 33 out of the 43 countries in Africa treatments (ACTs) are device that detects the presence of where malaria is endemic adopted recommended, which combine the parasite in the blood without the intermittent preventive treatment for several antimalarial drugs. ACTs are need of a microscope. This technique pregnant women as national policy part of the national policy for is ideal for remote areas where there by the end of 2009. treatment in 90% of countries where is no microscope, microscopist or malaria is endemic. electricity. About 30 million RDTs were delivered by ministries of health in 2009. Info Card 16 Info Card 17 Info Card 18 Aiming to eradicate malaria Coverage of What do we mean by insecticide-treated nets “endemic”? In 2008, the Roll Back Malaria initiative, after a call from the Bill and Between 2008 and 2010, around 289 An infection is said to be endemic in Melinda Gates Foundation, declared million insecticide-treated nets were a population when, if nothing that eradication was a moral distributed around the world, covering changes, the number of people obligation for the international around 76% of people at risk. This infected will neither increase nor community and suggested that it was still below the 80% target set by decrease, but remain at a steady should be the final goal. The Global the Roll Back Malaria partnership. state. Malaria is endemic in 106 Malaria Action Plan was launched, countries. and is ongoing.
  • 11. Info Card 19 Info Card 20 Info Card 21 Malaria and conflict Malaria and education Malaria and children In many low-income countries, civil In areas where malaria is endemic, One in five of all childhood deaths in war and international conflicts have 20% to 50% of African schoolchildren Africa are due to malaria. It is led to the breakdown of malaria suffer from malaria each year. estimated that an African child has on control programmes. Incidence of Malaria is a leading cause of illness average between 1.6 and 5.4 malaria has increased since these and absenteeism among students episodes of malaria fever each year. conflicts. Money is needed to rebuild and teachers and impairs attendance Every 30 seconds a child dies from the national programmes. and learning. malaria in Africa. Info Card 22 Info Card 23 Info Card 24 Malaria and childbirth Cost to households Cost to governments Pregnant women are at high risk not The average African household In some countries, malaria accounts only of dying from the complications spends 10% of its yearly income on for up to 40% of public health of severe malaria, but also of prevention and treatment of malaria. expenditures; 30% to 50% of spontaneous abortion, premature inpatient hospital admissions; and up delivery or stillbirth. Malaria is also a to 60% of outpatient health clinic cause of severe maternal anaemia visits. and is responsible for about one third of preventable low birth weight babies. Info Card 25 Info Card 26 Info Card 27 Capacity building Resistance to antimalarial Where has malaria been drugs eliminated? Countries affected by malaria often do not have strong enough The parasite that infects people with The Maldives, Tunisia, and most healthcare programmes to cope. Part malaria can become resistant to recently Morocco, Syria and the of the global fund to fight malaria is antimalarial drugs over time, United Arab Emirates are some of spent on improving these systems, depending on the drug and the the countries which have eliminated training staff, communicating to the location. A parasite can be resistant malaria from within their borders. In public and monitoring implementation to a drug in one country and not in the past, many countries in Europe, of malaria programmes. another, for example. Antimalarial North America and Australasia also drugs are not suitable for continuous had malaria transmission. use in endemic areas, as the parasite can soon become resistant and potentially interfere with acquired natural immunity.
  • 12. Issue Card 1 Issue Card 2 Issue Card 3 Economic effects of malaria Malaria and social justice Vaccine cost and availability Malaria affects mainly pregnant Malaria usually affects the poorest, To have a real impact, a vaccine women and children, which has most vulnerable and least powerful must be cheap (it can be expensive significant impacts not only on people in society. Care must but subsidised) and available to the families, but on economic therefore be taken to ensure that most needed. If a vaccine is development. Resources are diverted malaria programmes really reach produced, funding must be put in from productive economic activity to those in the most need. place to ensure countries make it nursing sick children. Malaria is an available. Otherwise, it would remain important cause of school a luxury for rich people. absenteeism, because children suffer malaria or because they have to take time off school or work to look after relatives with malaria. Issue Card 4 Issue Card 5 Issue Card 6 Are nets the solution? Getting the message across Spraying insecticides: for and against Nets treated with insecticide are It is not always easy for citizens in cheap and relatively easily malaria-hit countries to find out about Spraying houses may be as effective distributed. In an area where nets are malaria prevention and treatment. as nets in limiting malaria. But it uses used, even people without nets may Programmes to educate them have more insecticide, which can be toxic be less likely to become infected. But to be funded. to humans when breathed in or nets rarely eliminate the possibility of swallowed. More insecticide means infection altogether, as mosquitos do more cost and a greater chance that not only bite while people are mosquitoes develop resistance. sleeping. Over time, mosquitoes can also acquire resistance to the insecticides in the nets. Issue Card 7 Issue Card 8 Issue Card 9 Difficulties of prevention Old and new antimalarial Treatment strategy using drugs drugs In a population where funding is Travellers to endemic countries can In some regions, the parasite that limited, how do you decide who to take antimalarial drugs as prevention transmits malaria has become treat? Those most in need? The against contracting malaria. But resistant to older types of antimalarial poorest? Those with the most acute continuous use of drugs to prevent drugs. Developing newer treatments conditions? Those who have the infection is not feasible for most can be expensive. least access to hospitals? people who live in malaria endemic areas – mainly due to problems of cost, availability and drug resistance.
  • 13. Issue Card 10 Issue Card 11 Issue Card 12 Malaria and poverty What is needed for Getting consent from elimination? participants for research Malaria is more likely to affect poor people as they have poor living Elimination of malaria from an area Researchers need participants from conditions, poor general health and requires significant investment and countries with malaria in order to test little access to malaria prevention coordination. If eradication efforts are new treatments, for example. It is tools. Malaria also makes people not carried through systematically, difficult to ensure these participants poorer – they have to pay for then there is a risk that the parasite are informed and really agree to the treatment and lose money from time transmitting malaria can become tests, for reasons to do with off work. Wiping out poverty is part of resistant to the insecticides, or to the language, cultural diversity, or the battle against malaria. drugs used to prevent infection. relative lack of knowledge of medical practice and scientific research. Issue Card 13 Issue Card 14 Issue Card 15 Why do participants sign up How much is spent on malaria Where should research be for research? compared to public health focused? issues elsewhere? People in malaria-hit countries may Not all research money is spent take part in clinical trials to get the €4 billion was spent on malaria in directly on developing new benefit of new drugs which they could 2009, a disease which can potentially treatments and methods of not otherwise afford to pay for. affect 3 billion of the poorest people prevention. Some is also spent to in the world. Governments spent €59 better understand the biology of the billion tackling obesity in 2006 in the parasite and how immunity is EU alone. acquired, for example. Issue Card 16 Issue Card 17 Issue Card 18 Prevention or treatment? Individual treatment getting Eradication: mission cheaper impossible? It is more cost-effective to spend money on preventing malaria Treating malaria patients can only Scientists generally agree that with transmission, rather than treating become cheaper. As funding currently available tools, malaria can existing cases of malaria. But from an programmes increase, there is be better controlled and eliminated in ethical perspective, we cannot leave greater demand and so drug some areas, but not eradicated people untreated, when there is a companies have to make their prices worldwide, unless new tools are treatment available. more competitive. developed.
  • 14. Issue Card 19 Issue Card 20 Issue Card 21 Should we rely on DDT? Patent protection The social impact of elimination DDT is an insecticide used in some The most effective malaria treatments African and South-East Asian are relatively expensive since they Eliminating malaria often means countries against mosquitoes. It is rely on patented medications – draining wetlands to prevent banned in most of the world for its treatments that have been mosquitoes breeding. But this can harmful effects on health and the “copyrighted” by drug companies, to lead to loss of jobs or homes for environment. As DDT accumulates in prevent generic versions of a new those who live and work in wetlands. the soil, health impacts begin to drug being copied and circulated appear in fish, other marine animals, more cheaply. But if governments birds, and even humans and other drop this patent protection, drug mammals. companies will not invest in anti-malarial drugs because the research is so expensive. Issue Card 22 Issue Card 23 Issue Card 24 Resistance to combination How much should be spent on Preferred channels for therapy malaria? education There is already evidence of Countries where malaria is endemic People in Tanzania with low access parasites becoming resistant to the often have other serious public health to information on malaria were new ACT combination therapy used and development problems such as surveyed to find out how they would to treat malaria in some countries of poverty, hunger and HIV. How can like to be informed. 74% said radio, South East Asia. This can be partly we determine where to spend aid 41% by their doctor, 38% by friends because the individual drugs in the money? and family and 29% by TV. combination therapy were commonly distributed, before the combination therapy became the recommended treatment.
  • 15. Guidelines Yellow Card! Guidelines Yellow Card! Guidelines Yellow Card! Use the yellow card to help Use the yellow card to help Use the yellow card to help the group stick to the the group stick to the the group stick to the guidelines. Wave it if you guidelines. Wave it if you guidelines. Wave it if you feel a guideline is being feel a guideline is being feel a guideline is being broken or if you do not broken or if you do not broken or if you do not understand what is going on. understand what is going on. understand what is going on. Guidelines Yellow Card! Guidelines Yellow Card! Guidelines Yellow Card! Use the yellow card to help Use the yellow card to help Use the yellow card to help the group stick to the the group stick to the the group stick to the guidelines. Wave it if you guidelines. Wave it if you guidelines. Wave it if you feel a guideline is being feel a guideline is being feel a guideline is being broken or if you do not broken or if you do not broken or if you do not understand what is going on. understand what is going on. understand what is going on. Guidelines Yellow Card! Guidelines Yellow Card! Guidelines Yellow Card! Use the yellow card to help Use the yellow card to help Use the yellow card to help the group stick to the the group stick to the the group stick to the guidelines. Wave it if you guidelines. Wave it if you guidelines. Wave it if you feel a guideline is being feel a guideline is being feel a guideline is being broken or if you do not broken or if you do not broken or if you do not understand what is going on. understand what is going on. understand what is going on.
  • 16. Challenge Card Challenge Card Challenge Card Explain briefly to your fellow Is the group ‘being polite’ Express any feelings on the players what you think could and not talking about a subject that you have not yet be the effect on future ‘taboo’ issue in relation to expressed to the group. generations. this subject? If so, say ‘We’re not talking about ...’ and start the conversation. Challenge Card Challenge Card Challenge Card Pick a story card. As the “We should maximise Find out what the person on character on your story card, human life and pursue all your right hand side feels on present to the group your avenues of research to help this subject. Find an views on this topic. people who are ill.” Do you argument to support their agree with this statement? opinion. Challenge Card Challenge Card Challenge Card Find out what the person on Pick a Story Card character Pick a Story Card and select your left hand side feels on that is distant from your own one that is different from this subject. Play devil’s viewpoint. As that character, your own viewpoint. Tell the advocate (disagree with their briefly tell the group your group how you think your viewpoint). opinion on what you are own views are similar and discussing. different to the character.
  • 17. Story Card 1 Story Card 2 Story Card 3 Francis, Tanzania Emebet, Ethiopia Ruth, Ghana I’m a nurse in Tanzania. I think the I work for the Ministry of Health in I am a research physician from Ghana, main reason malaria is so widespread Ethiopia. Malaria is one of our top where malaria is the major cause of here is that most people just don’t health priorities here, along with HIV, death in children under five. I think we know very much about how to prevent tuberculosis and maternal and child need a wide array of tools to fight malaria. I see people who think any health. We have recently been able to malaria. No single tool will win the fever must be malaria, or who think train more than 30,000 health workers fight, even if antimalarial drugs, that if they show symptoms of malaria, on new guidelines to diagnose and insecticide-treated nets, and indoor they can stay at home and take treat malaria. We have seen very spraying with insecticides are all paracetamol. Some arrive at hospital at encouraging results already. We also effective methods. But to me the the late stages of the disease. Or they managed to distribute 20 million possibility of a vaccine against malaria get treatment, but don’t finish the insecticide-treated nets in three years. is the greatest opportunity we have of doses. Many go to witch doctors or use We couldn’t do this without the finally eradicating this disease. It gives traditional medicine like papaya support of global partnerships and me hope that I could see malaria leaves. I’d like to be able to educate financing. But we still have around 9 eliminated in Ghana in my lifetime, people better, but I have enough to do million new cases of malaria every although I am sure it will still need to just working with my patients. year, in a population of 77 million be used together with the other control Ethiopians. measures, as it will not protect 100%. White Card White Card White Card
  • 18. Story Card 4 Story Card 5 Story Card 6 Milu, India Ketsholikei, Botswana Marta, Namibia I’m a doctor in Labangi, a village in I’m 26, I’m a farmer and I have six I’m a young mum to five children, and the east of India. Our hospital has a children. I’ve had malaria three times we live a long way from the nearest programme to treat all patients with in recent years. The symptoms are town. Getting to a hospital is really fever as if they had malaria until mainly headaches and fever. You get a difficult for us. My daughter Becri is confirmed otherwise. This strategy is temperature. And you feel really tired, one year old, and I’m especially not recommended by the World Health with pains all over. With severe forms worried about her getting ill. I am Organisation (WHO) any more. But I of it, my children run very high HIV+, which means that I am also think it’s been very effective. The temperatures. Every time I get ill, I more at risk from malaria. Once a WHO is concerned about malaria can’t work and I don’t have enough community health worker came to give parasites becoming resistant to the money to feed my family. I often don’t advice on how to prevent malaria, and drugs, but for us, this treatment is go for treatment because there is no gave us nets, to sleep under and sprays much cheaper. If we followed WHO money – if I can’t feed my family, I for free. But now the government guidelines and performed a rapid can’t afford medication. But if I am ill funding for indoor residual spraying diagnostic test to all patients with fever for a long period of time, who will was cut and residents in our area have to treat only positive cases, we would provide for my family then? not received sprays, mosquito nets or spend three times the amount we window screens. There is always a currently spend on malaria treatment. chance we can get ill, and with the We just don’t have that kind of money. hospital so far away, I’m not sure how easily I could get treatment. White Card White Card White Card
  • 19. Story Card 7 Story Card 8 Story Card 9 Doreen, The Gambia Mamta, India Tilmann, Germany My son is six months old now. When I I’m a nurse in a hospital in a town in I work in drug development for a got pregnant I was really worried, the east of India. We only have limited pharmaceutical company. We offer our because a few of my friends have got facilities, so normally pregnant women malaria treatments for adults and malaria during their pregnancy. But or babies with symptoms of malaria children at the lowest cost possible. As my aunt gave me a mosquito net to might have to share beds or sleep on pharmaceutical companies are private, sleep under while I was pregnant, and the floor if they are with us longer than for profit organisations it is important the hospital gave me some pills to 48 hours. Babies born to mothers with to incentivise them by various means prevent me from getting malaria. My malaria are often very underweight, so to invest in research and development son is healthy for now, but I’m always we try to keep them warm. for malaria. Public-private partnerships worried, he could get severely ill at We used to use a drug called have worked very well to achieve this. any time. I noticed that the net we chloroquine to protect people from Governments can also help by sleep under is not keeping the malaria. But now it has been speeding up the reviews of new drug mosquitoes away like it used to, but I withdrawn because the parasite that applications, for example. can’t afford a new one. It’s certainly causes the disease became resistant to For our company, malaria treatments going to be difficult to afford any more chloroquine. So now nets treated with are part of a strategy for sustainable treatment, if he does get ill. insecticides are our main method of growth and our corporate social preventing malaria infection. responsibility. Last year alone, our access to medicine programme reached 74 million patients and was valued at over €1 billion or 3% of our sales. White Card White Card White Card
  • 20. Story Card 10 Thocco, Malawi I’m a teacher in the Mangochi district in Malawi. A few years ago, I had training to treat malaria in school using a Pupil Treatment Kit. I was trained to recognise symptoms and give the treatment safely. I could then treat students that got ill, and if their condition didn’t improve, I sent them to the hospital. The kits cost €50 for the school every year, and we had to ask parents and communities to cover most of the cost. Now the government has withdrawn the kits, saying there is a new treatment which we cannot administer. I have to admit I feel more comfortable sending the children to hospital to be treated properly, although it’s true that they miss a lot of school because of malaria. White Card White Card White Card
  • 21. Name of cluster: Which conclusions does this cluster lead you to? Cards in this cluster: Info Card Issue Card Story Card White Card
  • 22. Name of cluster: Which conclusions does this cluster lead you to? Cards in this cluster: Info Card Issue Card Story Card White Card
  • 23. Name of cluster: Which conclusions does this cluster lead you to? Cards in this cluster: Info Card Issue Card Story Card White Card
  • 24. Policy positions for Malaria 1 2 3 4 5 Positions Support +++ 1 Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment and diagnosis, programmes and research, split ++ proportionally according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation. 2 + Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, programmes and research, split proportionally according to the Acceptable amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation, but safeguard the budget for treatment and diagnosis. - 3 Spend €0.5 billion less across treatment and diagnosis, -- programmes and research, split proportionally according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation, but safeguard the budget for prevention. --- 4 Not acceptable Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment and diagnosis and programmes, split proportionally according to the amounts suggested by the World Abstain Health Organisation, but safeguard the budget for research. 5 Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment and diagnosis, programmes and research, but cut the budget by region according to the level of poverty in the region. Regions with lower levels of poverty will have their budget cut more.
  • 25. Policy positions for Malaria 1 2 3 4 Positions Support +++ 1 ..................................................................................... ++ ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... + ..................................................................................... Acceptable 2 - ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... -- ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... --- Not acceptable 3 ..................................................................................... Abstain ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... 4 ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... .....................................................................................
  • 26. Story Card Info Card Info Card Initial Thoughts Malaria Write down your initial thoughts, use White cards to add issues Malaria is a common parasitic disease, caused by a parasite transmitted from human to human via a mosquito. Three billion people are at risk of malaria. It was responsible for nearly 800,000 deaths ......................................................... worldwide in 2010. The WHO estimates that around €4 billion is necessary in order to tackle malaria during the year 2015. ......................................................... • €2.7 billion must be raised for prevention (preventive treatment for pregnant women, and insecticide-treated nets and insecticide for indoor residual spraying) ......................................................... • €0.4 billion must be raised for treatment and diagnosis (anti-malarial drugs and severe case management, and rapid diagnostic tests) • €0.6 billion must be raised for programmes (reinforcing healthcare systems, training and pay for ......................................................... medical staff in countries affected and educating citizens) • €0.6 billion must be raised for research (developing a vaccine and new drugs, and improving ......................................................... diagnostics, treatment and prevention) Policymakers and NGOs must make efforts to ensure all these targets are met. But if only €3.5 billion ......................................................... of the necessary €4 billion is raised, how should the spending be distributed? Positions ......................................................... 1. Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment and diagnosis, programmes and research, ......................................................... split proportionally according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation. 2. Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, programmes and research, split proportionally ......................................................... according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation, but safeguard the budget for treatment and diagnosis. 3. Spend €0.5 billion less across treatment and diagnosis, programmes and research, split proportionally according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation, but safeguard the budget for prevention. Issue Card Issue Card Challenge Card 4. Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment and diagnosis and programmes, split proportionally according to the amounts suggested by the World Health Organisation, but safeguard the budget for research. 5. Spend €0.5 billion less across prevention, treatment and diagnosis, programmes and research, but cut the budget by region according to the level of poverty in the region. Regions with lower levels of poverty will have their budget cut more. Aims of the game - Clarify what your opinions are - Work towards a shared group vision - Let your voice be heard in Europe - Enjoy discussing! Photo credits 1 & 6: Gates Foundation, Flickr. 2: Babasteve, Flickr. 3: IITA Image Library, Flickr. 4: ReSurge International, Flickr. 5: Yuen-Ping aka YP, Flickr. 7: Daltoris, Flickr. 8: zz77, Flickr. 9: C+H, Flickr. 10: Matt Floreen, Flickr. Guidelines Three stages . . . plus one You have a right to a voice: speak your truth. But not the whole truth: don't go on and on. 1. Information 2. Discussion 3. Shared group response 4. Action Clarify your personal view on the Together with the other players, start Reflect on the theme(s) that the group Go to www.playdecide.eu to: Value your life learning. subject, reading and selecting the discussing and identify one or more has identified and the cards that - Submit the results of your group to the Decide database; cards which you feel are most larger themes that you all feel relevant. sustain the arguments. As a group, can - See how other European countries think about this issue; Respect other people. important for you. Place your cards on Everyone gets a chance to speak. Put you reach a positive consensus on a - Read more about this subject; Allow them to finish before you speak. the placemat and then read them aloud your cards on the table to provide your policy position that reflects the group's - Download a game kit to play with your friends or colleagues; to the other players. arguments for each theme. view? - Learn how you can make a difference after playing Decide. Delight in diversity. You can formulate a new common Welcome surprise or confusion as a sign that you've let in new thoughts or ± 30 MIN. ± 30 MIN. policy, if you wish. Don't forget to publish a post on the Xplore Health blog to share your feelings. experiences with other audiences! ± 20 MIN. Look for common ground. 'But' emphasises difference; 'and' emphasises similarity.