Bridging Skill Gaps : Man- Machine Interface -Changing Dynamics YP Chawla & Dr. RSP Singh

1. This Presentation focusses on
1. Technology
2. Innovation
3. Man-Machine Interface – Automation as a result of Technology
4. Asset sustenance over its Life Cycle
5. Changing Dynamics
6. Skill Gaps- Quantitative & Qualitative
These issues are w.r.t Maintenance Management of Plant Assets
Man Machine Interface- the Changing dynamics : A Case of Skill Gaps
YP Chawla- Advr. Jt. Electricity Regulatory Commn. & National Jt. Secy IIPE
ypchawla@gmail.com; 98107-08707
Dr. RSP Singh- Asso. Prof. IGNOU rspsingh@ignou.ac.in; 011-2957 1645
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Brief about these aspects for completeness of
the Presentation

2. Sustenance of Assets : An
Integrated Engineering Support of
the Assets for the entire Life Cycle
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3. Strategy for meeting Challenges of the 12th Five Year Plan
1. Enhancing the Capacity for Growth ( needs Enhanced Skill Sets)
2. Enhancing Skills and Faster Generation of Employment
3. Managing the Environment
4. Markets for Efficiency and Inclusion
5. Decentralisation, Empowerment and Information
6. Technology and Innovation ( needs Enhanced Skill Sets)
7. Securing the Energy Future for India ( Shortage of Manpower for
Projects Development)
8. Accelerated Development of Transport Infrastructure
9. Rural Transformation and Sustained Growth of Agriculture
10. Managing Urbanization
11. Improved Access to Quality Education ( will lead to Enhanced Skill
Sets)
12. Better Preventive and Curative Health Care (additional Manpower with
High Skill is required)
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4. The Technology
entering every phase
of life & is getting
more and more
automated
Man-machine interface (MMI) technologies paved way for some of industrial automation’s most
beneficial applications, for access to critical information. Competition is fierce in industrial
World, & continued MMI improvements to capitalize on the added connectivity options & real-
time data to improve factory line monitoring, control, & productivity.
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5. The Technology- Stethoscope for Machines and Electronics for Heart 5

6. Much of Technology & Innovation in Industrial world is an IT Intervention-
Requiring Skills Change Dynamically
Deep Learning : With massive amounts of computational
power, machines can now recognize objects and translate
speech in real time. Artificial intelligence is finally getting
smart.
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8. Smart Watches
The designers of the Pebble watch realized
that a mobile phone is more useful if you don’t
have to take it out of your pocket
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Google's Glass.
GE’s Innovation Barometer -2012
2,800 senior business executives -in
22 countries voted various countries
with 65% votes by the global
respondents in favour of US,
Germany (48 %),
Japan (45 %), China (38 %),
Korea (13 %)
and India closely behind at (12 %) of
the global votes
Innovation: A flexible Definition- Out of Box
Thinking , Lateral Thinking / Oblique Thinking,
Creative Thinking / Insightful Thinking
Product Innovation / Service Innovation
New Market Innovation/ Disruptive
Innovation
Operational innovation

9. The Blue-Collar Robot
Rethink Robotics’ new creation is easy to
interact with, but the innovations behind the
robot show just how hard it is to get along with
people : Baxter
Jugad !! An Innovation or a Patchwork in
Technology, Or a economical way of
achieving the Industrial Advantage
In the midst of rising global competition and
swelling R&D budgets, Jugaad Innovation
presents ways to innovate, be flexible, & do
more with less. Peppered with examples of
innovative entrepreneurs in emerging
markets such as Africa, India, China, and
Brazil, Jugaad Innovation illuminates paths to
engender breakthrough growth in a complex
and resource-scarce world. Jugad an
acceptable form of Frugal Engineering and
out of box thinking
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Reverse Innovation : Getting deeper into
Innovation by Stripping down Innovated
Product, leveraging innovation of others.
Exovation : GE MAC 800- ECG is a low cost
portable machine developed in Bangalore
center and exported to USA also leveraging
innovation of others and exporting back to
Innovator

10. Oculus Rift : Jan 2014 Las Vegas
Display for Gaming & e-learning
Applications : Search & Rescue
simulation, Canada is aligning it
for Disarming the explosives.
Sweden: for Intuitive aerial
planning for pilotless drones,
similar to India’s Rustom II
USA’s Blue Shark Project uses
Google’s Goggles in helmet 10

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Will Automation Kill Jobs? Low Skills jobs will be replaced by higher Skilled Jobs
VideoClipsofAutomatedIndustry
VideoClipsofAutomated
Industry

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14. Technology Change led to Change in Skilling
Methods : From Chalk & Talk
To Click & Learn
Or Blended Learning- Unimodal
To Multimodal
Yet another change Now,
Internet is going out
Outernet is coming in – Wifi for
Free by Media Development
Investment Fund , using satellites
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Q : For Sustenance of our Plant assets!!
Is our workforce ready to take on learning and furthering the Technology’s enhancement?
Or we satisfied with small innovations in India or go in for Jugad ?
Or we remain dependent on foreign Innovation & Technologies?
Face to Face Learning
E LearningBlended
Learning

15. “When the rate of change outside exceeds the
rate of change inside, the end is in sight” - Jack
Welch
He is an American business executive, author and a
chemical engineer. He was chairman and CEO of
General Electric between 1981 and 2001. During his
tenure at GE, the company's value rose 4000%
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Nassau Sr. & Karl Max said that knowledge might have an economic value- 19th Century
What happens when Technology is changing, More and More Innovation is
on the floor and Skill requirements are changing ?

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What does a CEO want in this dynamic world with Changes in Technology
and Innovation and Sustaining the Plant Assets ?

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Priorities of CEOs in terms of Technologies , Demographic Shifts, Global
Power etc.

18. Surveyed results of 1,344 business leaders across 68 countries around the world, in the last
quarter of 2013, and further in-depth interviews with 34 CEOs.
In ‘Fit for the future: Capitalising on global trends’, Explore three forces that business leaders
think will transform their business in the next five years: technological advances, demographic
changes and global economic shifts.
Or following a Strategy of Getting into Renovation cycles – Putting money back into Own asset
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Strategies of CEOs for keeping the Organization future fit !!

19. Construction : Low Productive
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Industry Areas of Skills – Automation giving
higher output / person

21. Against
500 Mn.
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23. The cost of exuberance: Complacency on talent and innovation : Sharp contrast in the
approaches of Indian CEOs and Chinese CEO towards growth and innovation , Chinese feel
talent constraints to hurt their ability to pursue market opportunities and innovate, Indian
CEOs are less concerned on this account. (PwC’s 15th Annual Global CEO Survey).

24. Top 10 Most Difficult Jobs for Employers to Fill Worldwide in 2013
1) Skilled Trades
2) Engineers
3) Sales Representatives
4) Technicians
5) Accounting & Finance Staff
6) Management/Executives
7) IT Staff
8) Drivers
9) Secretaries, PAs, Admin Assistants & Office Support Staff
10) Laborers
Despite Unemployment, Many Jobs Hard to Fill Survey Reveals Talent Is
Elusive for Many Employers
Survey of > 35,000 employers across 36 countries.
Employers reported struggling to fill for the past four years,
demonstrating an ongoing global mismatch in above key areas.
And the HR has to
keep the Supply
Chain of Expert
Manpower intact
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29. DRDO Engineers leaving for better compensation in Pvt. Sector India/ Abroad
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30. Skilling has become a continuous process- the HRM’s Challenge
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34. 0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
USA Sample Avg
Recog. Prob
Solvg
Effective Spkg,
Listening
Inventory
Conscious Agree. Terms Tech. Applicn
Self
Worth
Research Study : An Electrician of an Industry USA Vs. Indian Sample
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35. India Avg Std. Dev. Median Mode Skew
1.0BasicSkills
1.1Effective Reading Capability 3.4 0.22 3.5 3.5 -0.73
1.2Effecting Writing Capability 3.2 0.76 3.2 3.0 -0.80
1.3Application of Basic Mathematics 2.8 0.67 2.9 2.0 -0.14
1.4Effective Listening Skills 3.3 0.85 3.5 4.0 -0.69
1.5Effective Speaking Capability 3.3 0.78 3.5 3.5 -0.86
1.6Attitude to Cleanliness 3.3 0.83 3.5 4.0 -0.56
2.0ThinkingSkills
2.1Idea Generation & Creative thinking 3.0 0.84 3.0 3.0 -0.47
2.2Decision Making Skills (Up to mandate) 3.1 0.89 3.0 3.0 -0.07
2.3Recognising & Solving Problems 3.2 0.93 3.0 3.0 -0.30
2.4Capability of Visualization 3.2 0.87 3.0 3.0 -0.45
2.5Learning Capability 3.2 0.63 3.0 3.0 -0.35
2.6Reasoning Skills 3.1 0.89 3.2 3.5 -0.61
Research Study : Electrician of an Industry USA Vs Indian Sample
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36. 0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Student Perception own Level
Industry Requirement- Student
Students at Entry- Faculty
Industry Requirement- FacultyStudents’ Skill Gap Perception of Faculty
Students’ Skill Gap Perception of Students
Research Study :
Post Diploma Power
Sector Students at
CBIP
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Research Study on Academia – Industry Interaction for Innovation by Dr MR Shollapur
17 % Industry Ready for Help in Curriculum Design
28% ……………………………..Work Exposure & Practical Training
14% ……………………………..Teacher’s Deputation to Industry
28% ……………………………..Readiness to associate with Industry
14% ……………………………..Conduct Joint Conferences
15%……………………………..Undertake Collaborative Research

37. Sum Up – Contributions required from all Stakeholders
• Govt. to Incentivize Innovation (Action Govt.)
• Sincere efforts on Implementation of NVEQF & Updating Engg. Curricula,
India’s reluctant reformers have to gear up. (Govt.)
• Set Skill Standards, Industry to help setting Skill Standards (Govt. & Industry)
• Social Status needed towards Vocational Education (Govt. & Industry)
• It is worth brain storming by the Policy makers on the Skilling that , how will
job automation impact the economy in the future? What are the impacts
on Globalisation Collaboration? Telecommuting and what are the forces
that will shape the workplaces of the future? Or is there something bigger
lurking? Looking at this aspect with an holistic approach(Govt. & Industry)
• Technology would continue to push economic growth-only a few with regular
Skills update would enjoy the benefits. More people would be competing for
mid-pay jobs, so pay would shrivel. Many mid-skill workers would be left
unemployed or shunted into low-skill, low-pay jobs. (Govt. & Industry)
 Industry to Work on continuous Skilling up of Plant Manager on today’s high
Technological and Innovative Changes. Smarter machines from the
technologically offensive with niftier software will continue to replace more
and more mid-pay jobs and mid- skilled jobs, making businesses more
productive and swelling their profits. (Industry , Individuals & Trade Unions)

38. Sum Up Continues………
• Objectives of the S&T Policy 2013 & 12th Plan Strategies- Innovative capabilities
and Skills can be learned, involving time, education, knowledge & institutional
support for innovative processes to be generated endogenously. (Govt., Industry,
Institution)
• Continuous Skilling will make the most highly skilled workers- those who
can use machines to be more productive but can't be replaced by these
machines- will continue to prosper. (Industry, Individuals & Trade Unions)
• Age is no bar for Skilling up. (Industry , Individuals & Trade Unions)
• To give a chance to those with low-pay jobs by Skilling, which otherwise are likely
to remain sheltered. (Industry , Individuals & Trade Unions)
• Industry Skilling Facilitators to work on approach to earn the ’ROTI’ – Return
on Training Investment (Industry & Institution)
• Industry’s Skilling programs or by Policy makers for Country level Skilling
should be seen beforehand. (Govt. & Industry)
• Institution- Industry Tie up : a must (Industry & Institution)
Breaking the barriers of Technology and Innovation for Multi-skilling / Inter
disciplinary learnings working on various screens simultaneously is today’s
requirement (Industry , Institution , Individuals & Trade Unions) 38

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Don't limit yourself.
Many people limit themselves to what they
think they can do. You can go as far as your
mind lets you. What you believe, remember,
you can achieve. Mary Kay Ash

40. • Additional Slides to be used if Reqd.
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41. The Inputs that we are getting in terms of Manpower Educational Quality
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42. Termite-Inspired Robots Could Be Future
Construction Workers
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44. Supergrids
A high-power circuit breaker could finally make
DC power grids practical.
Deep Learning
With massive amounts of computational
power, machines can now recognize objects
and translate speech in real time. Artificial
intelligence is finally getting smart.
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45. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tSxonSQG
hGg
Training of Power Plant Operation
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