Presentation National Workshop on the Improvement of Pakistan13-15 December 2004

1. Presented by Yasir Hussain
E mail id.
yasir8480@yahoo.com
Presentation
National Workshop on the
Improvement of Pakistan
13-15 December 2004
Quetta City

2. Fact file of the city
Location

Quetta district lies between 300 - 03’ and 300 -27’ N and 660 - 44’
and 670 - 18’ E. The total geographical area of Quetta district is
2653 Km2.

3. Fact file of the city (Contd..)
History
 Quetta originates from the Pashtoo word Kwatta
 The district is bounded on the north by district
Pishin; on the east by Ziarat; on the south by
Mastung and on the west by district Killa
Abdullah
 Till the middle of the eighteenth century, the
history of Quetta district is identical with the
history of Kandahar.

4. Fact file of the city (Contd..)
History (contd…)
 In 1883, Quetta was formed into a separate
single administrative unit (Quetta - Pishin
district)
 from 1955 to 1970, Quetta and Kalat were the
administrative units in West Pakistan.
 1975, Quetta and Pishin were a single
administrative unit. In that year Pishin was
declared a separate district.
Population
 1.5 Million approx.

5. Fact file of the city (Contd..)
Culture
 Quetta district is a multi lingual area. Urdu,
Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Balochi, Brahui, Hindko,
Siraiki, and Persian are spoken in the district.
 Quetta tribesman is strong and silent in their
bearing, they are known for their friendliness and
hospitality
 Baluchi mirror-work embroidery, jackets, fur
coats, sandals, Afghan carpets
onyx,semiprecious stones, dried fruit and nuts
are the best buys in the bazaar

6. Balochi folk dance

7. Fact file of the city (Contd..)
Weather
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Se Jul
y
pt
em
No ber
ve
m
be
r
M
ay
M
ar
ch
Series1
ry
Ja
nu
a
Precipitation (mm)
Clouds and Precipitation
Month

8. Fact file of the city (Contd..)
Weather (Contd…)
Wind Speed Quetta
60
50
Mean Wind Speed
Max Wind Speed
30
20
Ju
e
S
y
M
a
h
rc
M
a
n
u
a
ry
0
pt ly
e
m
b
N
e
ov
r
e
m
b
er
10
Ja
Kts
40
Months

9. Fact file of the city (Contd..)
Weather (Contd…)
Min/Max Tempreture
40
20
Max
10
Min
be
r
m
r
Month
No
ve
mb
e
pte
Ju
ly
Se
Ma
y
Ma
r
ua
ry
-10
ch
0
Ja
n
o
C
30

10. Five Major Environmental Concerns of
Quetta City
1.
Depletion of Ground Water

11. Five Major Environmental Concerns of
Quetta City (Contd..)
2.
Air pollution
Vehicular emission is one of the reasons behind respiratory illnesses
(Circular road Quetta)

12. Five Major Environmental Concerns of
Quetta City (Contd..)
3.
Solid Waste/Hospital Waste
Waste dumps are breeding ground for diseases

13. Five Major Environmental Concerns of
Quetta City (Contd..)
4.
Haphazard City Growth
Congested bazaar in Quetta City (Suraj Ganj Bazaar)

14. Five Major Environmental Concerns of
Quetta City (Contd..)
5.
Sewerage System
Open drain, causing bad odour

15. Air Pollution in the City
1.
Vehicular emission
a. Diesel Engine
Vehicles
Vehicular emission at Meezan chowk
Total observed vehicles = 20
Types of vehicles observed :
a. Diesel Engine vehicles = 12
b. Petrol engine vehicles = 08
Date of measurement : 26-27 Feb,
2004
Parameters
Observed Values
Vehicles
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
CO (ppm)
198.3
193.7
199.6
197.8
200.1
201.2
195.4
199.6
191.9
191.5
199.2
200.1
NOx (ppm)
432.4
431.9
437.8
459.1
447.8
448.3
449.9
439.9
451.6
455.7
443.7
449.3
CxHy (ppm)
800.9
803.4
813.1
797.9
805.3
804.3
811.7
810.2
819.1
814.3
816.8
802.9
Source: SUPARCO

16. Air Pollution in the City ( Contd..)
1.
Vehicular emission (Contd….)
b. Petrol Engine
Vehicles
Parameters
Observed Values
Vehicles
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
CO (ppm)
150.3
157.9
153.5
151.9
158.9
153.7
156.6
155.5
NOx (ppm)
551.9
553.4
559.9
558.2
552.7
549.7
555.1
CxHy (ppm)
602.5
600.9
612.9
607.8
603.2
596.9
599.6
552.9
598.7
Source: SUPARCO

17. Air Pollution in the City ( Contd..)
2.
Waste disposal
Total generation of solid waste in the city is about 500-600 tons per day
3.
4.
5.
Surface dust
Improper Sanitation/Drainage
Stone crush
14 crush plants are operating in District
6.
Skin and hide / Open slaughtering
3000 animals (Small/Large) per day

18. Effects of air pollution


Carbon monoxide causes dizziness and difficulty
in breathing, reduces tolerance to exercise and
impairs menial function. Impairs fetal
development, and aggravates cardiovascular
diseases.
Hydrocarbon is a suspected contributor to
Cancer. Major precursors in the formation of
Photochemical Oxidants through
Atmospheric Reactions

19. Effects of air pollution (Contd…)


Hydrocarbons and Nitrogen Oxides combine
with sunlight lo form ground Level Ozone
(Smog). Ozone at ground level is a harmful gas
and causes Heart Problems and Breathing
related diseases such as Asthma and
Lmphyscma. Special harmful to children and
the elderly
Nitrogen di-Oxidein air causes respiratory and
cardiovascular diseases and chronic Nephritis.

20. Effects of air pollution (Contd…)



Photochemical Oxidants aggravates Respiratory and
Cardiovascular illnesses
Lead used as Anti-Knock agent in Fuels, comes organs
the Auto Tail Pipes.Accumulates in the body organs and
impairs Nervous system, effects Bones and Kidneys and
is specially harmful to Children and significantly effect
the IQ level.
Particulate matter aggravates the effects of gaseous
pollutants, aggravation of Asthma or other respiratory or
Cardio-respiratory symptoms. Increase cough and chest
discomfort, Impairment of visibility, interference with
plant photosynthesis.

21. City’s response to the problem
of Air Pollution
EPA Balochistan
 EPA with the support of corps of volunteer,
PAF and civil administration was able to
relocated 89 brick kilns within the valley
 EPA Balochistan with help of Canadian
assistance converted 19 Rikshaws on
CNG in a demonstration phase

22. City’s response to the problem
of Air Pollution (Contd…)
EPA Balochistan (Contd…)
 The EPA Balochistan has recently requested
Pak-EPA to conduct a study on ambient air
of Quetta city.
 Advocating to shift 14 crusher out side of the
city

23. City’s response to the problem
of Air Pollution (Contd…)
EPA Balochistan (Contd…)
An automatic vehicle tuning station is also
functional at affordable rates in Quetta city
with the assistance of UNDP/ENERCON
 Under the Japanese grant EPA in
collaboration with the ministry of environment
Govt. of Pakistan will set up two fixed air
monitoring stations at Quetta


24. City’s response to the problem
of Air Pollution (Contd…)
City government level




Submitted PC-1 regarding the compositing plant.
Removal of the encroachment on regular basis.
Launched awareness raising campaign on
environmental issues in different institutions
conducted seminars/walks etc.
Procured two mechanical sweeping vehicle for the
cleanliness of the city.

25. City’s response to the problem
of Air Pollution (Contd…)
Civil society / NGOs Level
 EFB, SEA, PIDS, NWS and PPDS were the
partners under QKAEMP project, they were
involved in common mobilization, mass
awareness, education, advocacy and
capacity building activities and to improve
environmental condition of the selected
pocket areas of the QKAEMP

26. Problems and Weaknesses

Financial constraints

Inappropriate legislation/policies

Enforcement/implementation of law

Lack of coordination

27. Problems and Weaknesses

Lack of capacity in the institutions

Lack of mass awareness

Rampant availability of adulterated
smuggled fuel.

Lack of CNG infrastructure

28. Way ahead
Vision
 Clean Quetta Pollution free
Proposed plans
 Strengthening of Motor Vehicle
Examination (MVE)
 Revitalize the motor vehicle examination
branch
 Strengthening of EPA, District Govt, MVE
and Traffic Police

29. Way ahead (Contd…)
Proposed plans (contd..)
 Review administrative structures
 Comprehensive mass awareness
campaign should be launched through
print & electronic media, leaflets
workshops, seminars etc
 Massive vehicle inspection programme
through establishment of Green Squad.

30. Way ahead (Contd…)
Proposed plans (contd..)
 Static monitoring units be installed in
different parts of the city as well as mobile
monitoring vans should be in place
 Effective and efficient coordination among
all the stakeholders
 All new dedicated CNG operated buses /
trucks be exempted from taxes

31. Way ahead (Contd…)
Proposed plans (contd..)
 Incentives and subsidy should be given in
form of exempting taxes, duties on CNG
infrastructure, vehicles

Establishment of traffic engineering
bureau

Establishment of VETS

32. Thank you