specific presentation gives an overview of the FP7 project PLAY, along with its main objectives, latest achievements and remaining work. We discuss thoroughly on how to enable value added services in the event-based internet. Specifically, we give details about the development of two dedicated open-source software components that can exploit distributed and heterogeneous event sources for enabling: i) efficiently and dynamically new event subscriptions (i.e. Event Subscription Recommender) and ii) the recommendation and implementation of workflow adaptations (i.e. Service Adaptation Recommender)

1. Enabling Value Added Services in the
Event-based Internet
Dr. Yiannis Verginadis
Insitute of Communication and Computer Systems
National Technical University of Athens
1 Towards the Social Event-based Internet of Services, 17 October 2012

2. Agenda
 Introduction
Complex Event Processing
PLAY: An Event Marketplace
 Value Added Services
Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)
Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)
 Conclusion
2

3. Real-time
 Real-time has become one of the crucial characteristics of
modern applications and is completely changing the game in the
data processing
Data is on the move
o Find results immediately or never
 one should be informed as soon as his/her flight has a delay
Information searches for the relevant consumers
o instead of searching for information, it should find us
 Inform me immediately if my luggage is not onboard and we are
about to start (and not after landing)
 Google search vs. Twitter followers
3 Attribution of Slide, Thanks to: Opher Etzion, IBM

4. What time is Real-time
 Twitter world record, 29. Aug. 2011
Beyoncé's pregnancy announcement during the MTV VMA show
resulted in 8,868 tweets per second.
The previous record was during the final of FIFA Women's World
Cup, between Japan and the United States. That resulted in 7,196
tweets per second
 Financial market
Nanoseconds trading
 eHealth: Remote patient monitoring
One semantic signal in 5 sec
 Energy: Smart meters
One reading in 15 min
 Real-time is the business real-time or near real-time
4

5. CEP - Complex Event Processing
 An event is something that has happened, or is contemplated as
having happened (Etzion & Niblett 2010)
 Event processing is a form of computing that performs
operations on events
 CEP is an enabling technology that supports on the fly,
(business-) real-time processing of huge event streams
 CEP is about a timely recognition of the situations of interest and
corresponding reaction
A complex event pattern describes a situation of interest
 Pattern detection is one of the notable functions of event
processing
Event
Patterns
Attribution of Slide,
5
Thanks to: Opher Etzion, IBM

6. Agenda
 Introduction
Complex Event Processing
PLAY: An Event Marketplace
 Value Added Services
Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)
Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)
 Conclusion
6

7. Motivating example
PLAY
Paul is a businessman who has been flying
from Paris to New York. He used the
entertainment service on board, but hasn’t
finished watching the movie before the
landing. Two hours later he is entering his
room in the downtown hotel he booked earlier
and wow: the room entertainment service is
ready to PLAY the movie Paul was watching
in the plane – of course only the unfinished
part.
7

8. Vision
 To develop and validate an elastic and reliable
architecture for dynamic and complex, event-
driven interaction in large highly distributed
and heterogeneous service systems.
 Such an architecture will enable ubiquitous
exchange of information between
heterogeneous services, providing the
possibilities to adapt and personalize their
execution, resulting in situational-driven
adaptivity
8

9. Big picture
1 2
service system A
local events
context SENSING
Event space 1 (service domain A) service B
events
AFFECTING new
local event
context
complex
events
COMBINING global
Event space 2 (domain A) Event space 3 (service domain B)
context
9

10. Use cases
 The first use case is related to the Crisis
Management domain (nuclear accident), which
shows the advantage of our platform by
increasing situational awareness in a complex
crisis situation.
 The second use case Socially-aware
Smartphone is related to enabling relevant social
contacts through mobile devices, by efficient
combining real-time and past social-network
related events
10

11. Conceptual Architecture
QoS for Event
Processing
(ELA - Event Level Highly elastic EP
Agreement)
„Endless“ P2P storage
Management of
Complex situations
11 Massively distributed
PubSub

12. Current status
 Play Portal: demo.play-project.eu
RDF-based events
Semantic Event Storage
EP-SPARQL2.0 as the query language
o Allows combining real-time and historical events
Many sources connected to the Portal
o Sensor events
 Cosm (Pachube events from Solar Panels)
o Social media events
 Twitter („microsoft“), Facebook („jeans“)
o Personal events
 SmartPhone events
12

13. 13

14. Agenda
 Introduction
Complex Event Processing
PLAY: An Event Marketplace
 Value Added Services
Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)
Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)
 Conclusion
14

15. Motivation
 Not everything can be captured at design time regarding
system’s behavior
but we can predefine the Goals to be pursued and achieved
 Unexpected or non-ordinary situations must be identified
from streams of events exchanged in SBA environment
they are usually not considered at design-time
 Identified situations; they update and enrich application context
 Selection of (re)Actions to the unexpected situations at runtime
exploiting the current application context information
 A Mechanism for Dynamic Event Subscriptions is needed
Recommender services for dynamic subscriptions will enable how a service in
the distributed EDA will "decide” which (complex) event to subscribe to.
15

16. Situation Action Networks (SANs)
 SAN is a Goal-directed hierarchical modeling approach that
targets automatic search for new goals when specific
circumstances, i.e. situational and contextual settings, arise and
adjust active capability in order to satisfy the currently active
goals.
 In goals-directed modeling, goals are typically refined into sub-
goals that elaborate how the goal is achieved, creating in such
way hierarchical structure Step by step “activation” of Goals
16
Hierarchical Structure

17. Event Subscriptions
Recommender (ESR)
 Event Subscription Recommender (ESR): “significant situations”:
interesting situations referring to
undertakes the task of providing event subscription with
the states of a system along
recommendations based on serviceenvironmentandcreate
its context that event
improvement opportunities
semantics. critical situations referring to the
recognizes significant situations in ordermitigating a risk or hazard.
need for
to recommend event
subscriptions to new event sources and complex events.
 ESR provides added value to services by enabling
them to subscribe:
to the “right events”
at the “right time” and
for the appropriate duration, reducing the cost and network
traffic.
17

18. ESR Architecture
18

19. Agenda
 Introduction
Complex Event Processing
PLAY: An Event Marketplace
 Value Added Services
Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)
o Marine Scenario
o Socially-aware SmartPhone Scenario
Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)
 Conclusion
19

20. Marine Scenario – AIS Hub (1/2)
 The International Maritime Organization (IMO) requires all vessels to
carry an AIS (Automatic Identification System) transponder on board,
which transmits their position, speed and course, among some other static
information, such as vessel’s name, dimensions and voyage details.
 A vast amount of real time events are available from portals (e.g.
http://www.aishub.net/ ) connected to automatic identification systems
(AIS) that contain important vessel information worldwide.
20

21. AIS Adapter
21

22. AISHub Scenario
Speeding in Windy Conditions
Small Boats in Proximity
22

23. Safety in high Speed Crafts SAN
23

24. AISHub Scenario
24

25. Agenda
 Introduction
Complex Event Processing
PLAY: An Event Marketplace
 Value Added Services
Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)
o Marine Scenario
o Socially-aware SmartPhone Scenario
Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)
 Conclusion
25

26. “Communicate with a Friend” SAN
SIAFU Simulator
26

27. “Communicate with a Friend” SAN
OR it can be handled by ESR (on
This Recommendation user’s behalf). This will result
(UcTelcoEsrRecom) can be into a number of notifications
exploited by another interesting to the user
smartphone app
This Recommendation will be
accepted or rejected by the
user (UcTelcoAnswer Event)
27

28. Socially-aware SmartPhone
 Contextualized
Latitude
„Inform me WHEN there
is in proximity a friend
of mine, who twitted in
the last two days about
something that is
interesting for me „
Or any other relevant
activity in social networks
is related to that friend
(e.g. Facebook wall
update)
28

29. Agenda
 Introduction
Complex Event Processing
PLAY: An Event Marketplace
 Value Added Services
Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)
Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)
 Conclusion
29

30. Approach
 We aim to suggest workflow or services’ configuration
adaptations in order to overcome problems or achieve
superior performance
based on significant detected situations
 Specifically, for detected situations, we need to be
able to define
adaptation points, that is points in a service flow that need to
be adapted as a reaction to a certain situation, and
adaptation actions, indicating what to adapt and how, such as
removal of a problematic service, replacement of an
underperforming service, addition of a new service
30

31. Adaptation Approach
 Every time the execution reaches an activity or event
node, just before its execution, the BPMN2.0 engine
can exchange notifications with the situation
reasoning engine
through a bridging component in order to check whether the
specific node is a join-point
 The bridging component should be able to suspend
the execution of that particular process instance and
find the advice that should be weaved in the business process,
using the reasoning service
 After the successful adaptation the normal process
execution should resume just after the join-point
31

32. A Simple Process Adaptation
Scenario
Bridging component
queries situation
reasoning
32

33. Adaptation Types
BEFORE
adaptation type
AFTER adaptation
type
AROUND
adaptation type
REPLACE
adaptation type
BYPASS
adaptation type
REPLACE – AROUND
composite adaptation
AFTER – BYPASS
composite adaptation
33

34. Framework Architecture
 Situation reasoning engine that
handles the execution of SANs
SAN repository
SAN execution component
Event management component and
Context component. (Patiniotakis et
al. 2012)
 Adaptation Manager
Monitors the execution of process instances, detects whether execution comes to
an active joint point, checks the associated pointcuts and activates the
corresponding advices
 Aspects Repository
Stores the definitions of aspects along with their comprising parts
 BPMN 2.0 engine
Worktoken Open Source Engine
34

35. Agenda
 Introduction
Complex Event Processing
PLAY: An Event Marketplace
 Value Added Services
Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)
Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)
o Nuclear Crisis Management Scenario
 Conclusion
35

36. Nuclear Crisis Management
36

37. Illustrative Scenario
 This process is composed of several activities necessary during
emergency situations in nuclear power plants
 Main actor is the “Representative of the national authority”
responsible for assessing the current situation and deciding emergency
actions e.g., evacuate area, distribute iodine capsules etc.
37

38. Adaptations in SMP
If ‘study advice’ task takes
more than 30 min then weave
Advice 2
Advice 3 is implemented if the
actor has already received the
expert’s advice but has not
started to study it yet, while
new alerts have been
detected If new alerts received before
the actor has asked for any
advice from the experts yet
then analyze new alerts.
38

39. Agenda
 Introduction
Complex Event Processing
PLAY: An Event Marketplace
 Value Added Services
Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)
Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)
 Conclusion
39

40. Conclusion
 PLAY is a global events agreegator and
processor, based on three technologies:
Semantics for interopeability
Cloud computing for scalability
Event Processing for real-time/situational
awareness
 Current development is focused on making the
platform stable and more performant
40

41. Follow Us
 Twitter: @play_fp7
 RSS: http://news.play-project.eu/
 Web: http://www.play-project.eu/
41

42. Enabling Value Added Services in the
Event-based Internet
Questions?
42 Towards the Social Event-based Internet of Services, 17 October 2012