Technologies & Sensors for the Internet of Things: Businesses & Market Trends 2014-2024 The Internet of Things (IoT) provides big opportunities for technologies. The device business will reach $46B in 2024, contributing to a total IoT market of $400B. FROM $9.5B IN 2014 TO $46B IN 2024, THE IOT DEVICE MARKET WILL REPRESENT CLOSE TO 15% OF ALL DATA PROCESSING IoT devices offer huge potential for electronic component manufacturers, but this is clearly not where the value will stop. Most of the added value in IoT solutions will come from the processing of the generated data. In fact, the ratio between electronic components and data processing can reach 1:50 in certain long-term cases! This is easily understandable, since the main purpose of the IoT is to make sensing ubiquitous at a very low cost, resulting in extremely strong price pressure on electronic component manufacturers. Nevertheless, the next five years will be extremely fruitful for device makers; the market should reach $70B by 2018, before decreasing. This period represents a key window in which manufacturers must seize the opportunity to grab a piece of the IoT business pie. The IoT is a multi-billion dollar market emerging from several different markets (i.e. industrial sensors, wearable electronics and home automation) which will see strong convergence in the next five years. Three industrial and service sectors will be integral to the valorization of this new market: The electronics industry, which will manufacture the sensing devices The communication and cloud data storage industry, which will handle data transmission, storage and processing Service companies, which will valorize the data either through processing or by selling to a third party Some companies have already started positioning themselves in these fields: for example, Oracle and Amazon are developing their cloud computing capabilities; Bosch Connected Devices and Solutions GmbH and STMicroelectronics have teams dedicated to the IoT; and Google and Facebook are continuously developing their data processing models while looking to acquire companies linked to data gathering. Of course, not all of them will be winners. The short-term opportunity lies in the electronics industry. Indeed, very strong price pressure is expected for IoT devices, and strong volumes are expected but at very low cost. Even though the general electronics market will experience strong growth, it will be through decreased costs, increased manufacturing capabilities and reduced margins. This trend has already been seen in the MEMS field over the past few years, and will repeat itself in the future. More information on that report at http://www.i-micronews.com/reports/Technologies-Sensors-Internet-Things-Businesses-Market/1/442/

1. © 2014
The Internet of Things (IoT) provides big opportunities
for technologies. The device business will reach $45B
in 2024, contributing to a total IoT market of $400B.
Technologies & Sensors
for the Internet of Things
Businesses & Market Trends 2014 - 2024

2. © 2014• 2
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Table of Contents
• Executive Summary……………………………….…….. 7
• Introduction…………………………………………..…. 29
– Internet of Things Promises
– Definition
– Report Scope
– Sensors for IoT Applications
– Structure of IoT
– IoT Map Device
• Seven Generations of IoT Sensors to appear…....... 55
– Industrial sensors – Description & Characteristics
– First Generation – Description & Characteristics
– Advanced Generation – Description & Characteristics
– Integrated IoT Sensors – Description & Characteristics
– Polytronics Systems – Description & Characteristics
– Sensors' Swarm – Description & Characteristics
– Printed Electronics – Description & Characteristics
– IoT Generation Roadmap
• Market Forecasts 2014 - 2024………………...……..... 84
– Market Structure Value (in $M)
– Market Value by Application Domain (in $M)
– Volume Forecasts (Munits)
– Cost Breakdown per Module (in $M)
– Market Value per Generation (in $M)
– Market Volume per Generation (Munits)
• IoT Characteristics, Challenges & Roadmap......… 104
– Adapted Price Systems
– Form Factor
– Low Power Consumption
– Protocols & Standards
– Privacy & Security
– Market Traction
– Reliability & Lifespan
– Data to Process
• IoT Development Examples………………..……...… 136
– ACOEM Eagle
– EnOcean Push Button
– NEST Sensor
– Ninja Blocks
– And more…
• Focus on Wearable Electronics…………….…….… 167
• Technological Analysis……………………….……… 184
– Wireless Sensor Structure
– Energy Storage Module
– Power Management Module
– RF Module
– Sensing Module
• Conclusion……………………………………………… 273

3. © 2014• 3
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
About the Authors
Antoine Bonnabel
Antoine Bonnabel works as a Market & Technology Analyst for MEMS devices and
technologies at Yole Développement.
Antoine holds a M.Sc. In Microelectronics and Microsystems from Grenoble Institute of
Technologies and a M.Sc. In Marketing and Business Management from Grenoble
Graduate School of Business.
Contact: bonnabel@yole.fr
Dr. Eric Mounier
Dr. Eric Mounier co-founded Yole Développement in 1998. He oversees technology
analysis for MEMS-related manufacturing technologies and Optical MEMS (including
micromirrors, micro-displays, autofocus and IR micro-bolometers) applications within
the company. Eric has also developed a unique cost modeling tool, called
“MEMSCoSim”, which is able to evaluate the cost of MEMS module manufacturing.
Contact: mounier@yole.fr
Dr. Guillaume Girardin
Dr. Guillaume Girardin works as a Market & Technology Analyst for MEMS devices and
technologies at Yole Développement.
Guillaume holds a Ph.D. In Physics and Nanotechnology from Claude Bernard
University Lyon I and a M.Sc. in Technology and Innovation Management from EM Lyon
- School of Business.
Contact: girardin@yole.fr

4. © 2014• 4
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Companies Listed in this Report
ACOEM, AdvanticSys, Amazon, Apple, AT&T, Atmel, Ayla Networks, AVAGO Technologies, Blackberry, BOSCH,
BLUECHIIP, Cambridge CMOS Sensors, CEA Liten, China Mobile, Cisco, DataVeyes, DG Logik, DISCERA, Enfucell,
EnOcean, EPCOS, FitBit, Flutura, Fraunhofer Institute, FREESCALE Semiconductor, GE, Georgia Institute of
Technology, Google, HEWLETT PACKARD, Hillcrest Labs, HITACHI, Honeywell, HTC, IBM, Infomotion Sports
Technologies, ioBridge, INTEL, Intellisense.io, InterSoft, INVENSENSE, Jabra, Jasper Wireless, Jawbone, Kionix,
Kistler, KNOWLES Electronics, Koubachi, KTH, KwikSet, KWJ Engineering, Lenovo, Lightning Switch, Lime
Microsystems, LogBar Inc., LumoBack, M2M Cyber Security, M2Mi, MC10 Inc., Marlow Industries, MEMSIC, Micropelt,
Misfit, MURATA, MYO, Navisens, Nest, Netatmo, Newco, Nike, Nintendo, Nokia, NXP Semiconductors, OnFarm Systems,
Optoi MicroElectronics, Oracle, Pebble, Purdue University, Rosemount, Samsung, SemTech, Sensaris, Sensata,
Sensirion, Sensonor, SensorSuite, Sharp, Si Time, SiLabs, SmartThings, Sony, STMicroelectronics, Synkera
Technologies, TeledyneDALSA, Texas Instruments, ThinFilm Electronics, TriQuint, Tronics MicroSystems, TSMC,
Variable Technologies, UCLA, University of Harvard, VitalConnect, VTT MEMS, WiSpry, Withings, X-Fab MEMS Foundry,
Xymox technologies Inc.

5. © 2014• 5
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Key Features
• The objectives of this report is to provide:
– Understanding of IoT value chain structure (device, data cloud), application areas and
technologies involved
– Technology trends and evolution of IoT device in the coming years
– Market forecast for IoT devices in Munits and $M for 2014 – 2024, with a focus on sensors
– IoT applications and examples overview (building automation, transportation, healthcare,
industry, etc.) with a focus on wearable electronics
– The technological challenges faced by IoT devices, with a focus on wireless, energy, power,
RF and sensing modules

6. © 2014• 6
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Who Should Be Interested in this Report ?
• R&D, Components Manufacturers Companies
– Evaluate market potential of future IoT technologies and products for new applicative markets
– Spot new opportunities and define diversification strategies
– Position your company in the ever changing IoT market structure
• OEMs & Integrator Companies
– To evaluate benefits of integrating sensors in IoT devices
– Get the list of key players and emerging start-ups in this industry
• Cloud & Telecommunications Companies
– Understand the evolution of IoT devices and the market structure
– Understand the differentiated value of products and services in this market
– Identify new business opportunities and prospects
• Financial & Strategic Investors
– Understand the potential of incoming Internet of Things revolution
– Get the list of key players and emerging start-ups in this industry

7. © 2014• 7
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Report Scope
• Yole’s definition of the Internet of Things is as follows:
– Internet of Things devices is the aggregation of all the sensing modules that are linked
to the Cloud – either directly or through a gateway – and which data is processed and
valorized in any manner (through selling to a third party, through monitoring of a piece
of equipment, etc.).
• This report looks at the Internet of Things market in general, but with a strong
focus on sensing modules. We do not detail the cloud computing industry nor
the data processing services.
• We do not include in our valorizations the benefit brought by IoT solutions
through productivity gains. The values estimated are from hardware, cloud
computing processing services and data processing services charging.

8. © 2014• 8
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Information Flux
Information Flux
HUB / Gateway
Data Hardware
Cloud
Cloud
Companies
IoT Global Market Structure (1/3)
Service
Companies
Third
Party
Statistics
Targeted Ads
IoT
Market
structure
Wireless
Sensor
Module
Wireless
Sensor
Module
Wireless
Sensor
Module
Connected
Devices

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Area Of Application
Industrial
Retail& Logistics
Healthcare & Life
Science
Environment
Security &
Public Safety
Building
Automation
Consumer &
Home automation
Transportation

10. © 2014• 10
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Summary of Technologies of IoT
Markets and Sensors
• Here are the main applications of IoT devices and sensors associated with. Legend:
Healthcare & Life scienceBuilding Automation TransportationConsumer & Home automation
THE
INTERNET
OF
THINGS
OFSENSORS
Industrial Retail & LogisticsEnvironment Security & Public Safety
Pressure
Temperature
Chemical
Light (IR, X-Ray)
Bio Sensors
Inertial
Light (IR, visible)
Temperature
Chemical (CO2)
Accelero
Contact Gyroscope
Accelero
Magneto
Pressure
Temperature
Chemical
Gyroscope
Accelero
Magneto
Chemical
Pressure
Temperature
Pressure
Light (IR,Optical)
Chemical
Temperature
Hall Effect
Accelero
Chemical
Temperature
Light (IR, visible)
Pressure
Humidity Gyro
Accelero
Magneto
Chemical
Light (IR,XRay,THz) Light (IR/Optical)
Pressure
Temperature
Chemical
Magneto
Sensor
Level of demand

11. © 2014• 11
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
IoT Wireless Sensors Map
• Accelerometers
• Magnetometers
• Gyroscopes
• Acoustic Sensors
• Pressure Sensors
• Humidity Sensors
• Temperature
Sensors
• Proximity Sensors
• Image Sensors
• Light Sensors
• Gas RFID Sensors
• Micro Flow
Sensors
SENSING MODULE
• Signal Processing
Unit
• Wifi
• ZigBee
• Bluetooth LE
• Radio Transceiver
• Duplexer
• BAW
RF MODULE
• Li-Ion battery
• AAA/AA Batteries
• Energy Harvesting
ENERGY STORAGE MODULE
• Ultra-capacitors
• Microbatteries
• PMU
POWER MANAGEMENT MODULE

12. © 2014• 12
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Solution Price IoT Roadmap
Solution Price
per sensor
module
$2000
$250
$50
$5
$0.5
$0.05
Today 2016 2018 2020 2024 2024+
Sensors' swarm - Michigan Micro-Mote
Source: University of Michigan
$1
Rosemount 3051C Smart Pressure Transmitter
Source: Rosemount
NEST Smart Thermostat
(current price: $250)
Source: NEST
Multiple temperature sensors for home automation
(current price: $75)
Source: EnOcean
MEMS-based chemical sensing
Source: Optoi Microelectronics
Batch-level RFID Temperature
Sensor Tags
(current price: $ range)
Source: ThinFilm Electronics
Item-level RFID sensor tags
Fitness Activity Tracker
(current price: $130)
Source: Jawbone

13. © 2014• 13
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Summary of Technologies of IoT
Forecast : Hardware Market Value by Application Domain
Cloud
2018
$70B
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
Total Value Market ($M) 9,458 17,895 34,426 58,295 69,995 67,200 54,555 54,785 47,005 43,172 46,338 42%
Environment - - 15 50 80 175 280 300 400 700 1,290 124%
Security & Public Safety - - - - 60 100 45 225 525 1,050 1,785 113%
Retail & Logistics - - 38 188 368 1,025 1,203 3,100 3,000 5,400 6,210 139%
Industrial 3,420 4,320 5,580 6,885 11,226 10,725 9,150 9,135 8,290 7,632 7,983 32%
Healthcare & Life Science - - 19 113 346 773 1,338 2,455 3,420 4,620 6,330 165%
Consumer & Home
Automation
5,938 13,125 27,575 48,075 52,975 45,045 31,390 26,870 20,720 13,920 12,560 29%
Building Automation 100 450 1,200 2,985 4,940 9,335 11,060 12,250 9,300 7,600 7,270 80%
Automotive - - - - - 23 90 450 1,350 2,250 2,910 140%
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
MarketValue($M)
Market Value by Domains of Applications ($M)

14. © 2014• 14
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Wearable Electronic Market
Head-Wear
Helmet
Smart
Glasses
Neck-Wear
Jewelry
Collars
Arm-Wear
Smart
watches
Wristband
Ring
Body-Wear
Clothing
Back/Spine
Foot-Wear
Shoes
Socks
Google Glass
Myo
Ring
Smart Watch
Shine
LumoBack
• The global wearable electronics market can be segmented in 5 categories. Head-Wear category includes helmet
product and vision aid. There’s also a category of products for neck-wear, with collars and necklace products
that cover up electronics with jewels. Arm-Wear category is the most burgeoning category with multiples
devices expected wristband, smart watches, ring, armband, etc. Body-Wear products include smart clothing,
and devices monitoring back/spine position. And the last category concerns foot-wear.
Wearable Electronic
Market Segmentation:
Arm-Wear market is one of the most
promising market and many actors
are targeting it.

15. © 2014• 15
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Wearable Electronic
A new opportunity for sensor fusion / processing
• Wearable electronics is a new big opportunity for sensors
– Fitness / activity monitoring, healthcare, sports applications
– In many cases the sensor acts as a hub
• Basic calculations can be done at the device level
• After transmission (enabled by low energy Bluetooth) : advanced software / fusion can be done by the smartphone
– Bellow are many examples of such developments:
I’m watch (2012)
• Integrates accelerometer +
magnetometer
Pebble Watch (0,4 MUnits sold in 2013)
 Features STMicroelectronics accelerometer
Moto 360 by Motorola (End 2014)
• Other connected watches are currently in
development by major OEMs
(LG G Watch, rumors about Apple
iWatch…)

16. © 2014• 16
Yole Développement Copyrights 2014 – MEMS Report
Wearable Electronic / Connected Devices
Examples of new devices (2/4)
NodeKore from Variable
Technologies
BodyMedia
(Acquired by Jawbone in 2013)
• Integrates MEMS accelerometer (from Kionix and
STMicroelectronics) in its systems for fitness
application
• We note that no gyroscopes are used presently.
This would enable more precise monitoring and
new sport applications, however power
consumption would be too high. It could be part
of larger systems in the future.
Jawbone Up24
MYO by ThalmicLabs
• Proprietary EMG muscle activity sensors
• Nine-axis IMU containing:
- three-axis gyroscope
- three-axis accelerometer
- three-axis magnetometer
Cell Phone as a Hub

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Available MEMS Reports
MEMS Cosim+
MEMS Manufacturing
Cost Simulation Tool
Ferro-Electric
Thin Films
Inertial MEMS
Manufacturing
Trends 2014
Thin Wafer
Handling
Technology Trends
for Inertials MEMS
RF Filters, PAs,
Antenna Switches &
Tunability for Cellular
Handsets
Trends in MEMS
Manufacturing &
Packaging
Ferro-Electric
Thin Films
Motion Sensors for
Consumer & Mobile
applications
Uncooled Infrared
Imaging Techology &
Market Trends
IMU & Gyro for
Defense, Aerospace
& Industrial
Status of the
CMOS Image
Sensors
New!New!
Sensor fusion of
acceleros, gyros &
magnetometers
Infrared Detectors
Technology &
Market Trends
New!
New!
MEMS Front-End
Manufacturing
Trends
MEMS for Cell
Phones and Tablets
MEMS Pressure
Sensor
Status of the
MEMS Industry
New!
New!
Emerging MEMS
New!
New!

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Yole activities in MEMS
www.yolefinance.com
YOLE FINANCE
M&A/ Due Diligence/ Fundraising/
Technology brokerage
PARTNERS
CONSULTING
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& Strategy/Patent Investigation/
Reverse costing
www.yole.fr
MEDIA
News portal/Technology magazines/
Webcasts/Communication services
REPORTS
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Investigation/Reverse costing
Status of the
MEMS Industry

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Our Offices & Contact Information
Japan Office
• For custom research: Yutaka Katano, General Manager, Yole Japan & President, Yole K.K.
Phone: (81) 362 693 457 - Cell : (81) 80 3440 6466 - Fax: (81) 362 693 448 - Email: katano@yole.fr
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21. IoT devices offer huge potential for electronic
component manufacturers, but this is clearly not
where the value will stop. Most of the added value
in IoT solutions will come from the processing of
the generated data. In fact, the ratio between
electronic components and data processing can
reach 1:50 in certain long-term cases! This is
easily understandable, since the main purpose of
the IoT is to make sensing ubiquitous at a very
low cost, resulting in extremely strong price
pressure on electronic component manufacturers.
Nevertheless, the next five years will be extremely
fruitful for device makers; the market should reach
$70B by 2018, before decreasing. This period
represents a key window in which manufacturers
must seize the opportunity to grab a piece of the
IoT business pie.
The IoT is a multi-billion dollar market emerging
from several different markets (i.e. industrial
sensors, wearable electronics and home
automation) which will see strong convergence in
the next five years. Three industrial and service
sectors will be integral to the valorization of this
new market:
• The electronics industry, which will
manufacture the sensing devices
• The communication and cloud data storage
industry, which will handle data transmission,
storage and processing
• Service companies, which will valorize the
data either through processing or by selling
to a third party
Some companies have already started positioning
themselves in these fields: for example, Oracle
and Amazon are developing their cloud computing
capabilities; Bosch Connected Devices and
Solutions GmbH and STMicroelectronics have
teams dedicated to the IoT; and Google and
Facebook are continuously developing their
data processing models while looking to acquire
companies linked to data gathering. Of course, not
all of them will be winners.
The short-term opportunity lies in the electronics
industry. Indeed, very strong price pressure is
expected for IoT devices, and strong volumes
are expected but at very low cost. Even though
the general electronics market will experience
strong growth, it will be through decreased costs,
increased manufacturing capabilities and reduced
margins. This trend has already been seen in the
MEMS field over the past few years, and will repeat
itself in the future.
The same is to be expected for the cloud computing
industry. Large investments in terms of data
storage will be needed, but strong price pressure is
expected, and an overall low value will be attributed
to the physical data. Actually, the war on price has
already begun between the major cloud computing
companies, which are cutting data storage prices
while growing their capabilities.
Meanwhile, on the data processing side, more and
more information will be available, and at low cost.
The more data, the higher the value, and all of this
with low overall infrastructural investment. Service
companies will be the big winners in this field. In
Internet of Things
Technologies & Sensors for the Internet of Things:
Businesses & Market Trends 2014-2024
FROM $9.5B IN 2014 TO $46B IN 2024, THE IOT DEVICE MARKET
WILL REPRESENT CLOSE TO 15% OF ALL DATA PROCESSING
Market & Technology Report
REPORT OUTLINE
• Title: Technologies & Sensors for
the Internet of Things
• June 2014
• Market & Technology Report
• PDF file
• €5,990 - Multi user license
(270+ slides)
• €3,990 - One user license
(270+ slides)
KEY FEATURES OF THE REPORT
• Understanding of IoT value chain
structure (device, cloud, data),
application areas and
technologies involved.
• Technology trends and evolution
of IoT devices in the coming
years.
• Market forecasts for IoT devices
in Munits and $M for 2014-2024,
with a focus on sensors.
• IoT applications and examples
overview (building automation,
transportation, healthcare,
industry, etc.) with a focus on
wearable electronics.
• The technological challenges
faced by IoT devices, with a
focus on wireless, energy,
power, RF and sensing modules.
RELATED REPORTS
• Silicon Photonics Market &
Technologies
• Emerging MEMS
• MEMS & Sensors for Mobile
Phones and Tablets
• EnOcean PTM210 Self-Powered
Push Button Transmitter Module
Find all our reports
on www.i-micronews.com
Repartition of value in market structure
(Yole Développement, June 2014)
The Internet of Things (IoT) provides big opportunities for
technologies. The device business will reach $46B in 2024,
contributing to a total IoT market of $400B.
Cloud
$400B
2014
Marketvalue($B)
300
200
100
0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
Cloud
$400B
2014
Marketvalue($B)
300
200
100
0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR

22. Technologies & Sensors for the Internet of Things
THE INTERNET OF THINGS’ TECHNOLOGICAL EVOLUTION: IT’S ALL
ABOUT HETEROGENEOUS INTEGRATION AT DEVICE AND MODULE LEVELS
FROM HARDWARE TO CLOUD TO DATA PROCESSING: WHERE WILL
THE IOT’S VALUE FLOW?
The Internet of Things roadmap
General IoT market structure & forecast
(Yole Développement, June 2014)
(Yole Développement, June 2014)
order to secure some of this value, hardware and cloud
companies will have no choice but to try and integrate
themselves vertically in order to valorize themselves
and the data they’ll be responsible for! As an example,
we expect the overall IoT market to reach $400B in
2024, with $46B coming from hardware, $59B from
the cloud and $296B from data processing.
This report provides a detailed analysis of applications,
business models and technical challenges in order to
understand the IoT market’s potential.
The array of technologies available – and soon to be
available – is immense. Nevertheless, the evolution of
sensing modules for the IoT will follow a predefined
trend that can be summarized in a series of seven
product generations, including large industrial smart
sensors, an advanced generation of sensors, and
polytronics. These generations are detailed in Yole
Développement’s report, but a few examples are
described below:
• One of these generations, already being seen
today, is actually the first generation of sensing
modules dedicated to IoT application. These devices
represent the integration of off-the-shelf electronic
components in a single package in order to offer new
functionality. Not much effort has yet been given to
integration, as the main focus has been on bringing
a new function to market. Today, examples of such
devices are numerous; some, such as the Nest (now Google) smart thermostat, find market interest and
success - while others, i.e. “smart forks”, “smart sprinklers” and other “smart” devices, don’t. Other devices
are addressing domains such as wearable electronics and home & building automation. For these devices, we
expect a market volume of 200M units by 2017, representing a market potential of $83B.
• One example of a future sensing generation is integrated sensors, which are expected for 2020 and
which will be the one to democratize IoT. Its general description is “the integration of IoT-dedicated electronic
components” – meaning very small, very low-cost, very low-power consumption components like MEMS-based
sensors. The essence of such devices is to be low cost and thus ideal for high-volume applications, with low-
power wireless protocols, ultra-low power electronics. One example of such a device is the integration of a
hazardous chemicals sensor in an industrial worker’s gear. Another example is the integration of connected
condition-monitoring sensors in a car engine. We expect a market volume of 2B units for these devices by
2021, representing a market potential of $107B.
This report provides a detailed analysis of these generations and the technical and market challenges they
must overcome before reaching the market. Yole Développement’s analysis shows how these challenges can
be defeated in order to strengthen market growth.
The Internet of Things is a mix of hardware,
cloud and data processing; a generic concept
encompassing a wide variety of applications that
belong to numerous domains.
For Yole Développement, the IoT is defined as the
aggregation of all the sensing modules which are
linked to the Cloud – either directly or through a
gateway – and with which data is processed and
valorized in any manner (selling to a third party,
monitoring a piece of equipment, etc.).
We focused on the analysis of technical
characteristics of IoT devices such as the
nature of the electronic components to use,
the corresponding RF protocols, device power
consumption, etc.; as well as economic
characteristics, especially regarding the IoT’s
value, and where market potential lies.
Integrated
IoT sensors
Polytronics
Systems
Printed
Electronics
Large Industrial
Smart Sensors
First generation
of IoT sensors
Advanced Generation
of IoT Sensors
Sensors‘
swarm
IoT sensing modules mandatory characteristics
RF
transmission
protocol
Other
main
challenges
Other
main
challenges
IEEE 802.15.4
based IPv6 protocols
(6LoWPAN)
Polytronics &
Printed
electronics
maturation
Security and
privacy of data
Clear definition
of the market
tractions
Very low power
electronics and
sensors
multiplicity
Standardized low
power protocols
(ZigBee,WirelessHART,
Bluetooth LE)
Standardized
common protocol
(Bluetooth, Wi-Fi)
Proprietary
industrial protocols
$0.05
$0.25
$0.5
$5
$50
$250
$2000
Today 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
1 000 000 000
100 000 000
50 000 000
10 000 000
1 000 000
100 000
10 000
Annual Market Volumes
per Specific Application
cessing
Hardware
ud
Data Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Integrator
Data
Valorization
IoT
Market
structure
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
350 000
300 000
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0
Cloud Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Hardware Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
80 000
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Hardware
Integrator
n
IoT
Market
structure
Hardware Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
80 000
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
ssing
Hardware
d
Data Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Integrator
Data
Valorization
IoT
Market
structure
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
350 000
300 000
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0
Cloud Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Hardware Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
80 000
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Hardware
Integrator
Hardware Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
80 000
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
sing
HardwareData Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Integrator
Data
Valorization
IoT
Market
structure
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
350 000
300 000
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0
Cloud Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Hardware Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
80 000
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Data Processing
Hardware
Cloud
Data Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Integrator
Data
Valorization
IoT
Market
structure
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
350 000
300 000
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0
Cloud Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Hardware Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
80 000
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Data Processing
Hardware
Cloud
Data Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Integrator
Data
Valorization
IoT
Market
structure
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
350 000
300 000
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0
Cloud Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Hardware Market Value in IoT Structure ($M)
Marketvalue($M)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 CAGR
80 000
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0

23. Market & Technology Report
This report aims to provide:
• An understanding of the IoT value chain structure (device, cloud, data), application areas and
technologies involved
• The future evolutionary trend of IoT device technology
• A market forecast for IoT devices in Munits and $M for 2014-2024
• IoT applications & examples overview (building automation, transportation, healthcare, industrial...)
• The technological challenges facing IoT devices
OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORT
Our roadmap is based on analysis of:
• Current state-of-the-art electronics, and the large number of technologies in development.
• The current technological evolution of wireless transmission regarding protocols & standards.
• The recent discussions and actions pertaining to consumer privacy and data security.
• Sensor multiplicity and integrated sensor developments.
• Additional topics such as solutions costs, and where market traction comes from.
Also, it’s still unclear which technological platform will be used, which data transmission protocols
will be chosen, and which business model will be proven. Many applications are striving for the
blue ribbon, but only the proven ones will drive volume.
This report analyzes the strong challenges awaited regarding the identification of those
applications which are expected to provide market volume, and those which are bound to fail.
AUTHORS
Dr. Eric Mounier has a PhD in
microelectronics from the INPg in
grenoble. he previously worked
at CEA LETI R&D lab in grenoble,
France in marketing dept. Since
1998 he is a co-founder of Yole
Developpement, a market research
company based in France. At Yole
Developpement, Dr. Eric Mounier is in
charge of market analysis for MEMS,
equipment & material. he is Chief
Editor of Micronews, and MEMS’Trends
magazines (Magazine on MEMS
Technologies & Markets).
Antoine Bonnabel, works as market
& Technology analyst for MEMS
devices and technologies at Yole
Développement. He holds a M.Sc. in
microelectronics and microsystems
from Grenoble Institute of
Technologies and a M.Sc in marketing
and business management from
Grenoble Graduate School of Business.
Dr. Guillaume Girardin works as
Market & Technology Analyst for
MEMS devices and technologies at Yole
Développement. Guillaume holds a
Ph.D. in Physics and Nanotechnology
from Claude Bernard University Lyon
I and a M.Sc. in Technology and
Innovation Management from EM Lyon
- School of Business.
• Executive summary 7
• Introduction 29
Definition
Report scope
Sensors for IoT applications
Structure of IoT
IoT map device
Seven generations of IoT sensors to appear
55
Description characteristics of:
Industrial sensors – first generation –
advanced generation – integrated IoT
sensors – polytronics systems – sensors
swarm – printed electronics
IoT Generation Roadmap
Market forecasts 2014-2024 84
Market structure value (in $M)
Market value by application domain
(in $M)
Volume vorecasts (Munits)
Cost breakdown per module (in $M)
Market value per generation (in $M)
Market volume per generation (Munits)
IoT characteristics, challenges roadmap 104
Adapted price systems
Form factor
Low power consumption
Protocols standards
Privacy security
Market traction
Reliability lifespan
Data to process
IoT development examples 136
ACOEM eagle
EnOcean push button
NEST sensor
Ninja blocks
And more…
Focus on wearable electronics 167
Technological analysis 184
Wireless sensor structure
Energy storage module
Power management module
RF module
Sensing module
Conclusion 273
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COMPANIES CITED IN THE REPORT (non-exhaustive list)
ACOEM, AdvanticSys, Amazon, Apple, ATT, Atmel, Ayla Networks, AVAGO Technologies,
BOSCH, BLUECHIIP, Cambridge CMOS Sensors, CEA Liten, China Mobile, Cisco, DataVeyes, DG
Logik, DISCERA, Enfucell, EnOcean, EPCOS, FitBit, Flutura, Fraunhofer Institute, FREESCALE
Semiconductor, GE, Georgia Institute of Technology, Google, HEWLETT PACKARD, Hillcrest Labs,
HITACHI, Honeywell, HTC, IBM, Infomotion Sports Technologies, ioBridge, INTEL, Intellisense.io,
InterSoft, INVENSENSE, Jabra, Jasper Wireless, Jawbone, Kionix, Kistler, KNOWLES Electronics,
Koubachi, KTH, KwikSet, KWJ Engineering, Lenovo, Lightning Switch, Lime Microsystems, LogBar
Inc., LumoBack, M2M Cyber Security, M2Mi, MC10 Inc., Marlow Industries, MEMSIC, Micropelt,
Misfit, Motorola, MURATA, MYO, Navisens, Nest, Netatmo, Newco, Nike, Nintendo, Nokia, NXP
Semiconductors, OnFarm Systems, Optoi MicroElectronics, Oracle, Pebble, Purdue University,
Rosemount, Samsung, SemTech, Sensaris, Sensata, Sensirion, Sensonor...

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Technologies Sensors for the Internet of Things
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