Chapter 1-introduction-to-computers3165

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers

Chapter 1 Objectives Explain the importance of computer literacy Define the term computer Identify the components of a computer Explain why a computer is a powerful tool Differentiate among the various categories of software Discuss the uses of the Internet and the World Wide Web Describe the categories of computers and their uses Explain the purpose of a network Identify the various types of computer users Understand how a user can be a Web publisher p. 1.2

The Digital Revolution ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.2 Fig. 1-1 Next

The Digital Revolution ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.4 Next

What Is a Computer? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.4 Next

What is a Computer? ,[object Object],p. 1.4 Fig. 1-2 Data Collection of raw unprocessed facts, figures, and symbols Information Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful Next

What is a Computer? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.4 Next

What is a Computer? ,[object Object],p. 1.4 Software The series of instructions that tells the hardware how to perform tasks Hardware The electric, electronic, and mechanical equipment that makes up a computer Next

[object Object],[object Object],What is a Computer? p. 1.5 Input Any data or instructions you enter into a computer Output Data that has been processed into information Storage Area in a computer that can hold data and information for future use Communication The capability of communicating with other computers Process Manipulate the input (data) to produce output (information) Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],speaker p. 1.5 Fig. 1-3 printer scanner speaker PC camera microphone digital camera system unit keyboard modem monitor mouse Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Input Devices p. 1.5 Fig. 1-3 scanner microphone keyboard mouse PC camera digital camera Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Output Devices p. 1.6 Fig. 1-3 printer monitor speakers Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.6 Fig. 1-3 hard disk drive CD-RW drive CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive Zip ® disk drive floppy disk drive Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Processors p. 1.6 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.6 Fig. 1-4 processor chip packaging memory chip Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],p. 1.6 External Device Also called a peripheral Attaches to the system unit Internal Component Resides inside the system unit Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Storage Devices p. 1.7 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],p. 1.7 Fig. 1-3 CD-RW drive hard disk drive CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive ZIP ® drive floppy disk drive Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.7 Fig. 1-5 Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.7 Fig. 1-6 & 7 removable hard disk self-contained hard disk Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.8 Fig. 1-8 Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.8 Fig. 1-9 miniature storage media Next

The Components of a Computer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Communications Devices ,[object Object],p. 1.8 Fig. 1-3 modem Next

Why Is a Computer So Powerful? ,[object Object],p. 1.8 Speed Billions of operations can be carried out in a single second Storage Enormous amounts of data can be stored and made available for processing anytime it is needed Reliability Dependable because components have a low failure rate so they produce consistent results Accuracy If data is entered correctly and program works properly, the results are error-free — garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) accuracy of output depends on accuracy of input Communications Two connected computers can share stored data, instructions, and information Next

Why Is a Computer So Powerful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.10 Fig. 1-10 Next

Technology Trailblazer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Bill Gates p. 1.9 Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Computer Programs p. 1.10 Directs computer to perform alternative operations Prints a report Stores information on disk Allows you to input data and stores it in memory Uses data in memory in calculations Displays information on monitor Compares values stored in memory Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.11 Fig. 1-11 Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],Step 1: Insert the CD-ROM that contains the program into the CD-ROM drive. Step 2: If necessary, install the program on the hard disk. Then instruct the computer to run the program. Instructions transfer from the CD-ROM or hard disk to memory. Step 3: The program executes and the screen displays graphics that allow you to create a greeting card. p. 1.11 Fig. 1-12 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.12 Operating System (OS) Set of programs containing instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware devices Utility program Type of system software that performs a specific task, usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.12 Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.12 Fig. 1-13 icons icons Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Application Software p. 1.13 Word processing software Spreadsheet software Database software Presentation graphics software Suite Collection of popular individual software applications bundled together as a single unit Spreadsheet software Database software Presentation graphics software Word processing software Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.13 Fig. 1-14 Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.14 Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],p. 1.14 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],p. 1.14 Third-party company that manages and distributes software and services on the Internet You can run the programs from the Internet Both free and paid ASPs Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.14 Next

Computer Software ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.14 Fig. 1-15 Next

Networks and the Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.16 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Networks and the Internet ,[object Object],p. 1.16 Software programs Hardware devices Data Information To save time and money To share resources Next

Networks and the Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.16 Fig. 1-16 Next

Networks and the Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.16 Fig. 1-17 ,[object Object],Next

Networks and the Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Internet p. 1.17 Next

Networks and the Internet ,[object Object],p. 1.17 Fig. 1-18 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Networks and the Internet ,[object Object],p. 1.18 Online Service Provider (OSP) Provides access to the Internet, as well as a variety of other specialized content and services Internet Service Provider (ISP) Company that supplies connections to the Internet, usually for a monthly fee Next

Networks and the Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.18 Web page Contains text, graphics, sound, or video and has connections to other Web pages Web site Collection of related Web pages Web browser Program used to access and view Web pages Next

[object Object],Networks and the Internet Step 4 : The Web browser locates the Web site for the entered address and displays a Web page on your screen Step 3 : Enter the address of the Web site you wish to visit Step 2 : A Web browser such as Internet Explorer displays a Web page on your screen Step 1 : Use your computer to make a local telephone call to an online service p. 1.18 Fig. 1-19 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 3 Step 2 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Next

Categories of Computers ,[object Object],p. 1.19 Fig. 1-20 Next

Personal Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.19 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Microprocessor The single chip that performs all the processing functions on a personal computer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Personal Computers ,[object Object],p. 1.19 Fig. 1-21 & 22 p. 1.19 Fig. 1-21 & 22 The PC and compatibles use the Windows operating system The Apple Macintosh uses the Macintosh operating system (Mac OS) Next

Company on the Cutting Edge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Gateway p. 1.21 Next

Personal Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Personal Computers p. 1.20 Fig. 1-23 Next

Personal Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.20 Fig. 1-23 Next

Personal Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.21 Fig. 1-24 Next

Personal Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.21 Next

Personal Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.22 Fig. 1-25 Next

Personal Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view video p. 1.22 Fig. 1-26 Next

Handheld Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Handheld Computers p. 1.23 Fig. 1-27 Next

Handheld Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.23 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Handheld Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.23 Fig. 1-28 Next

Handheld Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.24 Fig. 1-29 Web-enabled two-way pager Web-enabled cellular telephone Web-enabled handheld computer Next

Internet Appliances ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.24 Fig. 1-30 Next

Internet Appliances ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.25 Fig. 1-31 Next

Mid-Range Servers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.25 Fig. 1-32 Next

Mid-Range Servers ,[object Object],p. 1.25 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Device with a monitor and keyboard used to access a server Next

Mainframes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.26 Fig. 1-33 Next

Company on the Cutting Edge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click IBM p. 1.26 Next

Supercomputers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.26 Fig. 1-34 Next

Elements of an Information System ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Minorities in Technology Click to view Web Link then click Women in Technology p. 1.27 Fig. 1-35 1. Hardware 2. Software 1. Hardware 3. Data 1. Hardware 2. Software 4a. People (IT personnel) 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4b. People (users) 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4a. People (IT personnel) 5. Procedures 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4a. People (IT personnel) 4b. People (users) Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],p. 1.28 Fig. 1-36 Large Business Home Mobile Small Office/Home Office Power Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],p. 1.29 Fig. 1-37 research finance and business management Web access entertainment Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.30 Fig. 1-38 Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view video p. 1.30 Next

Technology Trailblazer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Shawn Fanning p. 1.30 Next

[object Object],Examples of Computer Usage Web access spreadsheet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.31 Fig. 1-39 Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.31 Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.32 Fig. 1-40 Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.33 Fig. 1-41 Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view video p. 1.34 Fig. 1-43 Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.34 Fig. 1-44 Next

Examples of Computer Usage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.35 Fig. 1-45 Next

Computer User as a Web Publisher ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 1.36 Fig. 1-46 Next

Computer User as a Web Publisher ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view animation p. 1.37 Fig. 1-47 Next

Summary of Introduction to Computers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Summary of Introduction to Computers (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Chapter 1-introduction-to-computers3165

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Chapter 1-introduction-to-computers3165