An overview of main concepts in Lean and Agile

1. Zornitsa Nikolova
Leanify Ltd.
http://leanify.com

4. Toyota Production
System

5. 21-century company
Pains
• VUCA: Volatility,
Uncertainty, Complexity,
Ambiguity
• Fast-paced competition
landscape
• New responsibilities (triple
bottomline)
Gains
• Flexibility
• Adaptability
• Utilize collective
intelligence,
• Need for learning
organization

6. Proven practices in
the automotive
industry can also
be applied to other
industries
 Customer Value
 Innovation
 Perfection
 Time for creative thinking
 Transparency
 Less bureaucracy
 Efficiency and effectiveness
 Synchronization

7. HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=GBLIJKHS2TC

8. Goals:
1. Increased throughput of value
2. Shortened lead times
3. Reduced cost for deliveries
Input:
• Ideas and
requirements
• Materials
• People
System Constraints
Output:
• Value (to customer
=> to company)

9. 1. Identify
Value
2. Map
the Value
Stream
3. Create
Flow
4.
Establish
Pull
5. Seek
Perfection
Customer
Needs
Key Concepts
• Value and waste
• Optimizing the whole
• Managing flow
• Continuous improvement
• People and leadership

10.  Identify what adds value to the customer.
 Strive to minimize the rest.
 Deliver value frequently
Sources of Waste
1. Unused features
2. Inventory
3. Extra processing
4. Motion
5. Transport
6. Waiting
7. Defects
8. Unused creativity
How often are product features used?

11.  Look at the entire value
stream.
 Measure (value, throughput,
and customer satisfaction)
 Ensure that + in 1 place is
not – in another

12.  Reduce batch size
(one-piece flow)
 Pull (Kan-Ban)
 Reduce multitasking
 Maximize throughput
 Synchronize using
time-boxes (takts)
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13 hrs
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13. Plan
DoCheck
Act• Regular retrospectives
• Improvement kata
• A3 + PDCA approach

14.  Respect to people
 Lead by example
 Manager as a coach
 Clear purpose
 Simple rules
"…employees are offering a very
important part of their life to us.
If we don’t use their time
effectively, we are wasting their
lives."
Eiji Toyoda

15. Behaviors
Methods
Processes
Instruments
LEAN
Practices
LEAN
Culture
Beliefs
Easy to learn in training and
practice
BUT
 80% of the opportunities
come from culture.
 Hard to see and change.
 Leaders’ behaviors and
beliefs are crucial for a
sustainable learning
organization.

17. Agile is a set of values, principles, and best practices that address the challenges
of building complex projects in a dynamically changing environment.
Waterfall Approach
Challenges
• Long cycle times,
high cost
• High risk, low
predictability
• Products not fitting needs
• High pressure on teams,
low motivation
Agile Approach
Embracing change by
• Iterative, incremental
product creation
• Customer collaboration
• Frequent deliveries of
product increments
• Team empowerment

18. AGILE
• Embrace change
• Frequent deliveries
• Team work
XP
Scrum
Agile
Lean Thinking
Scope
Concreteness
LEAN THINKING
• Value Streams and flow
• Reduce waste
• Continuous Improvement
Lean and Agile fit well together
and are often combined.

19.  Responsibility
 Trust
 Collaboration
 Learning
+12 principles aligned to values
http://agilemanifesto.org

20. People are at the core of the system

22.  Kanban means “signal card”.
 Kanban card is a signal that provokes
action.
 Introduced as part of the TPS.
 Currently used in other industries, such
as IT, healthcare, banking, services.

23. 1. Visualize the workflow
2. Limit WIP
3. Manage Flow
4. Make Process Policies
Explicit
5. Improve Collaboratively
(using models & the
scientific method)
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Analysis Development Acceptance ProdNext
Definition of Done:
• Customer accepted
• Ready for production
Doing Done
Definition of Done:
• Code clean & checked in on
trunk
• Integrated & regression tested
• Running on UAT environment
Doing DoneDoing Done
Definition of Done:
• Goal is clear
• First tasks defined
• Story split (if
necessary)
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*Example from the
InfoQ minibook
“Kanban and
Scrum – Making
the Most of Both”.

24.  Iterations
 Roles
 Ceremonies
 Artefacts
 Time-boxing

25. Thank You!
http://leanify.com
@Leanify
https://goo.gl/iAA6VG
https://goo.gl/OAyq9T
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