The document discusses a study on risk perception and water choices among households in urban Kenya. It notes that access to clean water remains a challenge in Kenya due to limited water sources. The study aims to examine how risk perception affects water source choices and averting behaviors among households, and what factors influence risk perception.
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Joseph Risk Perception Demand For Water Kenya4 November2008onjala
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20. Main Source of Drinking Water 06/08/09 Valid Total N Percent N Percent Piped water into dwelling 188 20.5% 916 100.0% Piped water to yard/plot 185 20.2% 916 100.0% Public tap/standpipe 167 18.2% 916 100.0% Tubewell/borehole 90 9.8% 916 100.0% Protect dug well * Town 129 14.1% 916 100.0% Unprotected dug well * Town 35 3.8% 916 100.0% Protected springs * Town 139 15.2% 916 100.0% Unprotected springs * Town 104 11.4% 916 100.0% Rainwater collection * Town 306 33.4% 916 100.0% Cart with small tank/drum 83 9.1% 916 100.0% Tunker-truck * Town 2 .2% 916 100.0% Surface water(river,dam, lake,pond,stream,canal,irrigation channels) 14 1.5% 916 100.0% Other (specify) 4 .4% 916 100.0%
21. Water Quality Perception (Colour) 06/08/09 Piped water into dwelling Town Total Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii Very clean % within Town 11.1% 5.4% 44.2% 37.0% 19.4% % within Piped water into dwelling 7.8% 13.7% 45.1% 33.3% 100.0% Clean % within Town 86.1% 84.5% 40.4% 34.8% 67.3% % within Piped water into dwelling 17.5% 61.6% 11.9% 9.0% 100.0% Dirty % within Town 2.8% 8.5% 7.7% 26.1% 10.6% % within Piped water into dwelling 3.6% 39.3% 14.3% 42.9% 100.0% Very dirty % within Town .0% .8% .0% 2.2% .8% % within Piped water into dwelling .0% 50.0% .0% 50.0% 100.0% Don't know % within Town .0% .8% 7.7% .0% 1.9% % within Piped water into dwelling .0% 20.0% 80.0% .0% 100.0% Total % within Piped water into dwelling 13.7% 49.0% 19.8% 17.5% 100.0%
22. Water Quality Perception (Colour) 06/08/09 Tubewell/borehole Town Total Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii Very clean % within Town 2.2% 1.1% 15.0% .0% 2.8% % within Tubewell/borehole 20.0% 20.0% 60.0% .0% 100.0% Clean % within Town 54.3% 15.4% 25.0% 95.7% 36.7% % within Tubewell/borehole 37.9% 21.2% 7.6% 33.3% 100.0% Dirty % within Town 37.0% 62.6% 20.0% .0% 43.3% % within Tubewell/borehole 21.8% 73.1% 5.1% .0% 100.0% Very dirty % within Town 6.5% 20.9% 5.0% 4.3% 13.3% % within Tubewell/borehole 12.5% 79.2% 4.2% 4.2% 100.0% Don't know % within Town .0% .0% 35.0% .0% 3.9% % within Tubewell/borehole .0% .0% 100.0% .0% 100.0% Total % within Tubewell/borehole 25.6% 50.6% 11.1% 12.8% 100.0%
23. Water Quality Perception (Colour) 06/08/09 Cart with small tank/drum Town Total Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii Very clean % within Town 2.2% 3.3% 17.6% 15.8% 6.8% % within Cart with small tank/drum 7.7% 23.1% 46.2% 23.1% 100.0% Clean % within Town 91.3% 16.3% 32.4% 78.9% 43.5% % within Cart with small tank/drum 50.6% 18.1% 13.3% 18.1% 100.0% Dirty % within Town 4.3% 54.3% 41.2% .0% 34.6% % within Cart with small tank/drum 3.0% 75.8% 21.2% .0% 100.0% Very dirty % within Town .0% 12.0% .0% .0% 5.8% % within Cart with small tank/drum .0% 100.0% .0% .0% 100.0% Don't know % within Town 2.2% 14.1% 8.8% 5.3% 9.4% % within Cart with small tank/drum 5.6% 72.2% 16.7% 5.6% 100.0% Total % within Cart with small tank/drum 24.1% 48.2% 17.8% 9.9% 100.0%
24. Water Quality Perception (Taste) 06/08/09 Piped water into dwelling Town Total Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii Excellent % within Town 7.7% 3.1% 32.7% 34.7% 15.0% % within Piped water into dwelling 7.5% 10.0% 40.0% 42.5% 100.0% Good % within Town 43.6% 84.6% 22.4% 36.7% 58.4% % within Piped water into dwelling 10.9% 70.5% 7.1% 11.5% 100.0% Poor % within Town 12.8% 9.2% 30.6% 24.5% 16.5% % within Piped water into dwelling 11.4% 27.3% 34.1% 27.3% 100.0% Bad % within Town .0% 1.5% .0% 4.1% 1.5% % within Piped water into dwelling .0% 50.0% .0% 50.0% 100.0% Don't % within Town 35.9% 1.5% 14.3% .0% 8.6% % within Piped water into dwelling 60.9% 8.7% 30.4% .0% 100.0% Total % within Piped water into dwelling 14.6% 48.7% 18.4% 18.4% 100.0%
25. Risk Assessment (1) 06/08/09 Piped water into dwelling Town Total Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii No risk % within Town 11.1% 10.1% 46.2% 37.8% 22.1% % within Piped water into dwelling 6.9% 22.4% 41.4% 29.3% 100.0% Little risk % within Town 44.4% 76.7% 13.5% 20.0% 50.0% % within Piped water into dwelling 12.2% 75.6% 5.3% 6.9% 100.0% Some risk % within Town 36.1% 8.5% 19.2% 24.4% 17.2% % within Piped water into dwelling 28.9% 24.4% 22.2% 24.4% 100.0% Serious risk % within Town 8.3% 4.7% 7.7% 15.6% 7.6% % within Piped water into dwelling 15.0% 30.0% 20.0% 35.0% 100.0% Don't know % within Town .0% .0% 13.5% 2.2% 3.1% % within Piped water into dwelling .0% .0% 87.5% 12.5% 100.0%
26. Risk Assessment (2) 06/08/09 Rainwater collection Town Total Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii No risk % within Town 11.7% 63.7% 38.5% 42.9% 42.4% % within Rainwater collection 4.8% 39.7% 10.3% 45.2% 100.0% Little risk % within Town 61.7% 18.7% 28.2% 24.7% 29.9% % within Rainwater collection 35.9% 16.5% 10.7% 36.9% 100.0% Some risk % within Town 21.7% 9.9% 17.9% 22.7% 18.6% % within Rainwater collection 20.3% 14.1% 10.9% 54.7% 100.0% Serious risk % within Town .0% 4.4% 7.7% .0% 2.0% % within Rainwater collection .0% 57.1% 42.9% .0% 100.0% Don't know % within Town 5.0% 2.2% 7.7% 9.7% 6.7% % within Rainwater collection 13.0% 8.7% 13.0% 65.2% 100.0%
27. Risk Assessment (3) 06/08/09 Cart with small tank/drum Town Total Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii No risk % within Town 2.4% 1.1% 8.6% 33.3% 5.9% % within Cart with small tank/drum 9.1% 9.1% 27.3% 54.5% 100.0% Little risk % within Town 52.4% 12.2% 22.9% 38.9% 25.9% % within Cart with small tank/drum 45.8% 22.9% 16.7% 14.6% 100.0% Some risk % within Town 40.5% 45.6% 25.7% 27.8% 38.9% % within Cart with small tank/drum 23.6% 56.9% 12.5% 6.9% 100.0% Serious risk % within Town 4.8% 30.0% 34.3% .0% 22.2% % within Cart with small tank/drum 4.9% 65.9% 29.3% .0% 100.0% Don't know % within Town .0% 11.1% 8.6% .0% 7.0% % within Cart with small tank/drum .0% 76.9% 23.1% .0% 100.0%
28. What Income group do you feel you belong to? 06/08/09 Income group Town Total Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii Wealthy % within Town 3.0% .9% 1.7% 4.1% 2.4% % within Income group 27.3% 9.1% 18.2% 45.5% 100.0% Quite well off % within Town 21.5% 16.2% 7.8% 7.8% 12.9% % within Income group 37.1% 31.0% 15.5% 16.4% 100.0% Not so well off % within Town 39.0% 54.5% 48.7% 69.8% 53.7% % within Income group 16.1% 25.1% 23.4% 35.4% 100.0% Poor % within Town 35.0% 27.0% 32.3% 17.6% 27.6% % within Income group 28.2% 24.2% 30.2% 17.3% 100.0% Destitute % within Town 1.5% 1.4% 9.5% .8% 3.3% % within Income group 10.0% 10.0% 73.3% 6.7% 100.0% Total % within Income group 22.2% 24.7% 25.8% 27.3% 100.0%
29. Income Groups 06/08/09 Household income(Respondent Town Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii Ksh<1000 % within Town 24.9% 18.4% 10.0% 12.7% % within Household income 34.5% 27.5% 16.2% 21.8% 1000-4.999 % within Town 5.1% 18.9% 13.1% 9.8% % within Household income 9.6% 38.5% 28.8% 23.1% 5000-9.999 % within Town 21.8% 16.5% 30.1% 13.9% % within Household income 23.8% 19.3% 38.1% 18.8% 10,000-19,000 % within Town 20.3% 19.3% 33.6% 27.3% % within Household income 17.8% 18.2% 34.2% 29.8% 20,000-29,999 % within Town 13.7% 15.6% 8.3% 21.2% % within Household income 20.6% 25.2% 14.5% 39.7% 30,000-39,999 % within Town 7.6% 7.1% 3.1% 7.8% % within Household income 26.8% 26.8% 12.5% 33.9% 40,000-49,999 % within Town 2.5% 2.8% .9% 4.9% % within Household income 20.0% 24.0% 8.0% 48.0% 50,000-75,000 % within Town 2.5% .9% .0% 2.0% % within Household income 41.7% 16.7% .0% 41.7% 76-000-100,000 % within Town .5% .0% .4% .4% % within Household income 33.3% .0% 33.3% 33.3% 100,000- % within Town 1.0% .5% .4% .0% % within Household income 50.0% 25.0% 25.0% .0% Total % within Household income 22.3% 24.0% 25.9% 27.7%
30. Avertive Behaviour 06/08/09 How often does your household treat water? Town Total Kisumu Eldoret Kericho Kisii 3 times a day % within Town 1.5% 5.6% 2.7% 3.5% 3.6% % within How often does your household treat water? 7.7% 46.2% 15.4% 30.8% 100.0% Once a day % within Town 70.6% 53.3% 42.5% 36.5% 49.0% % within How often does your household treat water? 27.0% 32.0% 17.4% 23.6% 100.0% Once a week % within Town 25.0% 26.2% 43.8% 50.4% 37.2% % within How often does your household treat water? 12.6% 20.7% 23.7% 43.0% 100.0% Rarely or never % within Town 2.9% 15.0% 11.0% 9.6% 10.2% % within How often does your household treat water? 5.4% 43.2% 21.6% 29.7% 100.0% Total % within How often does your household treat water? 18.7% 29.5% 20.1% 31.7% 100.0%
![Risk Perception, Choice and Household Water Behavior in Urban Kenya ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],06/08/09](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/Joseph_RiskPerceptionDemandforWaterKenya4November2008onjala-090220063200-phpapp02/85/Joseph-Risk-Perception-Demand-For-Water-Kenya4-November2008onjala-1-320.jpg)
![Collaborating Researchers ,[object Object],[object Object],06/08/09](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)